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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 管理学资料 > 2017年人教版八年级下册英语短语语法总结
1Unit1What'sthematter?短语liedown躺下seeadentist看牙医gotoadoctor看医生getanX-ray拍X片takeone'stemperature量体温allweekend整个周末takebreaks/takeabreak休息withoutthinkingtwice没多想getoff下车takesb.tothehospital带某人去医院waitfor等待toone'ssurprise使...惊讶的;出乎....意料thanksto多亏,由于intime及时ontime按时thinkabout考虑haveaheartproblem有心脑病rightaway立即,马上geninto陷入;参与dotherightthingfalldown摔倒,跌倒put...onsth.把....放在某物上gethit被打击getsunburned被晒伤beinterestedin对...感兴趣takerisks/takearisk冒险loseone'slife失去生命saveone'slife挽救某人的生命beacauseof因为byoneself独自;单独runout(of)用尽;耗尽cutoff切除awayfrom离开,远离makeadecision/makedecisions做决定beincintrolof掌管;管理outofcontrol失去控制gomountainclimbing去爬山giveup放弃giveupdoing放弃做某事expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事getintotrouble造成麻烦(烦恼)getoutof离开;从...出来haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事usesth.todosth.用某物做某事seemtodosth.好像做某事keepondoingsth.继续或坚持做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事beintrouble处于困境中getintotrouble陷入困境;造成麻烦havetroube(in)doingsth.做某事有困难询问某人患了体积疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时What'sthematter(withsb.)?(某人)怎么了?(必须有the)What'swrong(withsb.)?(某人)怎么了?What'sthetrouble(withsb.)/What'sone'strouble(某人)出什么事了?Whathappened(tosb.)?2(某人)发生什么事了?AreyouOK?你没事吧?Isthereanythingwrong(withsb.)?(某人)有什么事吗?have的常见用法:(1)have表示“有”时,它强调所属关系,表示“某人拥有某物”Hehasaredbike(2)have后面跟表示食品、饮料的名词,意为“吃,喝”hanveaneggandsomebread(3)have后跟一日三餐,它表示“吃(早饭、午饭、晚饭)”,这个短语的中间不用冠词havelunch(4)have后面跟表示动作的名词,它没有固定的意义,与表示动作的动词同义havealook看一看haveaswim游泳havearest休息一下(5)have后面跟表示活动的名词,它表示“举办,举行”haveasportsmeeting举办运动会haveanEnglishclass上英语课(6)have还可以构成其他的一些固定短语haveatry试一试haveagoodtime玩得高兴(7)havea+疾病名患.....病其中a不能用the代替,也不能去掉,但翻译时不用译出haveacoldhaveafeverhaveacoughhavea+身体部位-achehaveaheadachehaveatoothachehaveastomachachehaveasore+身体部位指身体某处疼痛haveasorethroat咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛lielying(现在分词)(vi)躺,平躺;位于lie-lay-lainliedown(vi)撒谎说谎lie-lied-liedlietosb.对某人撒谎n.可数名词“谎言,假话”tellalie/telllies说谎lay(vt)平放,下蛋laying(现在分词)lay-laid-laidrestv.n.休息havearest=takearest=restthanksto多亏,由于(介词短语)通常接名词thanksfor因.....而感谢接名词或V-ing(1)beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事,to是介词,后跟名词、代词或V-ingIamusedtowalkingafterdinner我习惯于晚饭后散步lookforwardtodoing,payattentiontodoing中to是介词(2)beusedtodosth.被用来做某事Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.木材能够被用来做纸3(3)usedtodosth.过去常常做某事(暗示现在已经不这样了)(1)runout“用完,耗尽”指某种资源被用完或耗尽相当于不及物动词,主语一般是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的东西Allthemoneyranout(3)runoutof“用完,耗尽”,相当于不及物动词,主语一是人,也可以是某种能消耗物品的机器等Iamusedtowalkingafterdinner.(1)sothat为了,以便=inorderthatinordertodo为了,以便,后接动词原形(2)so...that...如此.....以至于......,后跟形容词或副词主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that...(3)such...that...如此.....以至于......such(+a/an)+adj.n.+that...Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshimimportancen.重要,重要性-ance名词后缀importantadj.unimportantadj.不重要的un否定前缀diev.死,去世deadadj.死的,列亡的deathn.死,死亡without介词with(介词)常见用法(1)“具有,带有”,表示事物所具有的性质、特征hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶(2)“和...在一起”Heistalkingwithafriend.(3)使用Shecuttheapplewithaknife(4)关于,对于What'sthematterwithhim?(5)表示行为方式Shelikestosleepwithlighton她喜欢开着灯睡觉24-year-old“24岁的”是一个复合形容词,复合形容词的特点:一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接,二是数词后的名词须用单数形式geton上车getoff下车后面跟较大的交通工具,如公共汽车、火车、轮船getinto上车getoutof下车后面跟小汽车、出租车taxi、电梯happen发生,不能用于被动语态,且不与表示一段时间的状语连用。(1)sth.+happened+地点/时间某地/某时发生了某事Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.那条街上发生了一起事故Thestoryhappenedin2008.4(2)sth.happenedtosb.某人出了某事(常指不好的事)Acaraccidenthappenedtoherthismoring.(3)碰巧,sb.happenedtodosth.IthappenedthatShehappenedtomeetherfriendinthebookstore.IthappenedthatIhadnomoneywithmewait(vi)forsb./sth.waitforsb/sth.todosth.等待某人/某物做某事(1)toone'ssurprise使......惊讶的;出乎.....意料,放在句首,其后用逗号隔开(2)insurprise惊讶地;惊奇地,相当于副词性短语,用来修饰动词,一般放在修饰的动词后面Heislookingatthestrangeanimalinsurprise.(3)besruprisedat“对......感到惊奇”,主语是人toone's+表示感情色彩的名词意为“令/使某人......的是”toone'sjoy令/使某人高兴的是toone'sdisappointment令/使某人是失望的是toone'ssatisfaction令/使某人满意的是(1)intime“及时,强调正好赶上事先约定的时间,没有迟到;其后可接for引起的介词短语,表示”正赶上某事Iamjustintimefortheplane.我正好赶上那个航班(2)ontime”准时,按时”,指按计划做某事,强调不迟到不早不晚Passengersgetontotheplaneontime.乘客们准时登机rightaway=atonce,rightnow立即,马上反身代词短语enjoyoneselfteachoneself/learnsth.byoneself自学helponeselfto....随便吃(喝)hurtoneself伤着自己byoneself独自;单独cutoneself割伤自己falldown摔倒,跌倒,是不及物动词短语,其后跟宾语时须加介词from,此时falldownfrom相当于falloff意为“从......上掉/摔下来”Hefelldownfromhisbikeyesterday=Hefelloffhisbikeyesterday昨天他从自行车上摔下来(1)sick生病的,有病的feelsick生病了besick=beill(2)sick“恶心的”Ifeelalittlesick.我带到有点恶心(3)sick厌倦的besickofIamsickofgoingshopping.5(1)taketisks=takearisk“冒险”theriskof.......风险(2)risk用作动词,“冒险”,其后可接名词、代词或V-ing作宾语I'mwillingtorisklosingeverything.我愿意冒失去一切的危险bereadytodosth.准备好做某事,愿意做某事bereadyfor为......作准备blood不可数名词adropofblood一滴血bloodyadj.有血的;出血的(1)mean“意思是;意为”其后常接名词、V-ing或宾语从句(2)mean“打算;意欲”meantodosth.打算做某事Imeantotalkwithhimaboutit.(3)mean意味着,其后常接名词或V-ing作宾语meandoingMynewjobmeansworkingalldayallnight.我的新工作意味着夜以继日地工作getoutof离开;从......出来getinto进入tellof叙述;描述theimportanceof(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性(1)beincontrolof掌管;管理Youshouldbeincontrolofyourownlifeandbusiness.你应该掌管自己的生活和事业(2)beinthecontrolof“受......控制;受.....管理”Thecompanyisintheconrtoloftheyoungman.这家公司在这个年轻的的管理之下(3)beoutofcontrol失去......的控制(1)keepondoingsth.“继续做某事”表示动作重复多次,中间有间隔,强调重复性Shekeptonworking,althouthshewastired.尽管她加强累了,她还继续工作(2)keepdoingsth.“继续不停地做某事”表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿,强调连续性Keepwalkinguntilyoureachth
本文标题:2017年人教版八年级下册英语短语语法总结
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