中央广播电视大学学位英语复习真题—XXXX11B卷

PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Breastfeeding(母乳喂养)foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman'sriskofgettingdiabetes(糖病)laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenf~omCalifomia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold.AccordingtoSchwarz'sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis(诊断)ofType2diabetesforwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwerenearlytwiceaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound.Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.(76)“Previousstudieshaveshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody.”Manyexpertsrecommendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays.Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon'tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhavemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewmotherstakeoffweight.“Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,”shesays.Thefindingisn'tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes(occurringduringpregnancy(怀孕))thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtothe-adviceshegivesmoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby.1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy.B.EleanorSchwarz'sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomenwhosufferedfromdiabetes.C.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried.D.EleanorSchwarz'sresultsseemmorereliable.2.AccordingtoSchwarz'sfindings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife?A.Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed.B.Thosemotherswhonevergavebirth.C.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth.D.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsixmonths.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldSchwarzagreewith?A.Breastfeedingisnotadvisablebecauseitisnotgoodforamomtokeepagoodshape.B.Breastfeedingcangreatlyreduceamother'schancesofgettingallkindsofseriousdisease.C.Breastfeedingforamonthishighlyrecommended:thelonger,thebetter.D.Breastfeedingforamonthorlongermakesbabiessmarter.4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“moms-to-be”inthelastparagraph?A.Womenwhoarepregnant,especiallyforthefirsttime.B.Womenwhodreamofhavingbabiesforthefirsttime.C.Womenwhoalreadyhavechildren.D.Womenwhohavejustgotbabiesforthefirsttime.5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.BreasffeedingMayEnhanceBabies'ChancesofSurvivalB.BreasffeedingMayLowerMoms'DiabetesRiskC.BreasffeedingMayBecomeVeryFashioaableinNearFutureD.BreasffeedingMayHelpWomenLoseWeightPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,comesfromGreekandmeans,moreorless,“thestudyofoldthings”.So,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistory.However,mosthistoriansusepaperevidence,suchasletters,paintingsandphotographs，butarchaeologists(考古学家)learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindbythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdon'tbreakdownordisappearveryquickly—thingslikehumanbonesandobjectsmadefromstoneandmetal.Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory--normally,thebacteria(细菌)intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingsmadeofwood.Occasionally,thingsaredifferent.In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogisaverywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeaverybigandverythickvegetablesoup—walkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthemsawsomethingstickingout—ahumanfoot!Naturally,themencalledthepolice，whothenfoundtherestofthebody.Wasitacaseofmurder?Possibly--butitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalorgans—thescientistswhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidetheman'sstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!Whywasthismansowellpreserved?(77)Itwasbecausehewasinaverywateryenvironment,safefi:omthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedtheman'sskininthewaythatanimalskinispreservedforleathercoatsandshoes.Howdidhedie?Understandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,“LindowMan”.(78)Hishandsandfingernailssug