多媒体制作设计与评估--多媒体资料制作及典藏管理概论

多媒體製作設計與評估--多媒體資料製作及典藏管理概論Jian-huaYeh(葉建華)[e-mail]2Outline•Internetevolution•Digitalrepository(DR)issues–Digitization–Naming•Servicestructure•Conclusion3EvolutionoftheNet(Schatz,NCSA)•PhaseI:Access–Documentfetchingonly•PhaseII:Organization–Repositorysearching•PhaseIII:Analysis–Informationcorrelation•Goal:–fromdatatransmissiontoinformationmanipulation4ManagementIssues•Majorissueindigitalrepositorymanagement–Contentsmanagement5ContentsManagementIssues•Digitizationissues–PreparationofdigitalcontentsforDRs–OrganizationofdigitalcontentsinDRs•Designissues–WorkflowforDRs–ServicesofDRs6PreparationofDigitalContents•Conceptualdatatypesisdifferentfromphysicaldatatypes–Conceptual:human’srecognition•Music,opera,dancing,art,literature,movie,construction,etc.–Physical:computer’srecognition•Text,image,audio,video,etc.7DigitalFormatsforDRs•Digitizationprinciples:–Forbothpreservationandserviceneeds.–Multipleresolutionfordifferentgoals.–Preservation:forlong-termneedsandreproduction–Service:foronlineneedsanddemonstration8•PictorialMaterials(images)•TextualMaterials(text)–assearchabletext–asimages•SoundRecordings(audio)•Moving-imageMaterials(video)DigitalFormatsforDRs(2)9WorkFlowinDRSystem:ProcessingStages•PreparationStage•DigitizationStage•Integration&ServiceStage10StageI:PreparationWork•Targetobjectsidentification–Metadata,rawimage,rawtext•Digitizationspecification–Metadatacreationspec–Imagecreationspec–Textcreationspec•Informationaccessingmethodsdefinition–Datarepositoryandretrieval11DigitizationSpecification(1)•Metadataspec–Domainexperts–Libraryscienceexperts–Computerscienceexperts•Imagespec–3rdparty–Computerscienceexpert12DigitizationSpecification(2)•Textspec–3rdparty–Computerscienceexpert•Othermedia–Soundrecordings,moving-imagematerials,etc.13MetadataSpecification•Propertiestodescribe–Propertyidentification•Propertyhierarchy–Structuraldatarepresentation•Propertysectioning–Propertyclustering–SuitableforinternationalstandardssuchasDublinCore,etc.1415ImageSpecification•3levelimagestomake•Imageproperties–Imageresolution–Colordepth–Fileformat(compressionstandard)•Imagefilenaming–Consistentwithmetadata16Preview,ThumbnailImage•Tonaldepth:8bits/pixel•Format:GIF•Compression:NativetoGIF•Spatialresolution:150x100~200x200,72dpi17Service,ReferenceImage•Tonaldepth:Grayscale-8bits/pixel;color-24bits/pixel•Format:JFIF(JPEGFileInterchangeFormat)•Compression:JPEG(10:1forgrayscale,20:1forcolor)•Spatialresolution:500x400~1000x700,150dpi,300dpiorhigher18ArchivalImage•Tonaldepth:Grayscale-8bits/pixel;color-24bits/pixel•Format:TIFF(TaggedImageFileFormat)•Compression:Uncompressed•Spatialresolution:300dpi,600dpiorhigher19JPEG•Lossy,highcompressionrate20JPEG(2)21檔案目的說明建議檔案規格資料永久保存格式將資料數位化典藏，保持原有風貌。提供使用者作為重製、壓縮處理或其他圖像處理交換之用檔案格式：TIFF色調深度：灰階-每像素8-bits；彩色-每像素32-bits壓縮：不壓縮色彩濃度值4.0D以上(color)，3.2D(B&W)解析度:300~600或更高dpi（依原始資料品質及重要性選擇適當解析度，一般印刷品可採300dpi，美術品供複製畫使用建議採600dpi，供印刷出版使用採350dpi）資料服務/參考格式提供使用者網路上觀看及列印用檔案格式：JFIF(JPEG交換格式)色調深度：灰階-每像素8-bits；彩色-每像素24-bits壓縮：JPEG(灰階壓縮比約10:1，彩色壓縮比約20:1)解析度:150dpi~300dpi或影像大小：從500x400至1000x700pixels縮圖影像提供使用者預覽及選擇欄位用檔案格式：GIF色調深度：每像素8-bits壓縮：原生影像至GIF解析度或影像大小:72dpi或影像大小從150x100到200x200pixels222324TextSpecification•Textualmaterialsassearchabletext–Searchabletextwithmarkup:ASCIItext,withTEI-conformantSGMLmarkup–DocumentTypeDefinition(DTD):AmericanMemoryDTD(ammen.dtd)•Textualmaterialsreproducedasimages–Archivalormasterimages–Imagesforconvenientaccess25SearchableTextSpecification•Taggedornon-tagged–XMLorpuretext–Tagset?(DTDs?)•Textproperties–Textorientation–Formatting(Linespace,etc)–Othernotes2627ArchivalorMasterImages(1)•Bitonaldocumentimage:1bit/pixel•Format:TIFF•Compression:ITUGroupIV•Spatialresolution:300dpi28ArchivalorMasterImages(2)•Uncompressedtonalarchivalimage:Grayscale-8bit/pixel;color-24bit/pixel•Format:TIFF•Compression:uncompressed•Spatialresolution:300dpi29ArchivalorMasterImages(3)•Compressedtonalarchivalimage:Grayscale-8bit/pixel;color-24bit/pixel•Format:JPEG/JFIF•Compression:5:1compression•Spatialresolution:300dpi30ImagesforConvenientAccess(1)•Inlinepagingimage:Grayscale-4bit/pixel;color:8bit/pixel•Format:GIF•Compression:NativetoGIF•Spatialresolution:400-500pixelshorizontal31ImagesforConvenientAccess(2)•Printingserviceimage:Bitonal(1bit/pixel)•Format:TIFF•Compression:ITUGroupIV•Spatialresolution:300dpi32檔案目的說明建議檔案規格資料永久保存格式將資料數位化典藏，保持原有風貌。提供使用者作為重製、壓縮處理或其他圖像處理交換之用檔案格式：TIFF色調深度：黑白；灰階-每像素8-bits；彩色-每像素24-bits壓縮：不壓縮解析度:300~600或更高dpi（依原始資料品質及重要性選擇適當解析度，一般印刷品可採300dpi）網路下載格式提供使用者網路上觀看及列印用檔案格式：JBIGorJBIG2色調深度：黑白；灰階-每像素8-bits；彩色-每像素24-bits壓縮：JPEG(灰階壓縮比約10:1，彩色壓縮比約10:1)解析度:150dpi~300dpi或影像大小：從500x400至1000x700pixels預覽影像提供使用者預覽及選擇欄位用檔案格式：GIF色調深度：每像素8-bits壓縮：原生影像至GIF解析度或影像大小:72dpi或影像大小從150x100到200x200pixels33SoundRecordings34SoundRecordings&Moving-imageMaterials•Audio&videodatatypesarequitedifferentfromtextandimagedatatypes–Filesizeisverylarge–Filecan’tbedownloadedcompletelysinceittakestoomuchtime–Solution:streamingmodel35StreamingModel36檔案目的說明建議檔案規格資料永久保存格式將資料數位化典藏，保持原有風貌。提供使用者作為重製、壓縮處理或其他圖像處理交換之用檔案格式：WAVE(Micro