美国媒体与政治的互动

20023C2SPAN:C2SPAN,C2SPAN,:///C2SPAN,,,,,,,???C2SPAN(),,,,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4),,,,,,1920,;;;;,,(TimothyE.Cook):(PoliticalInstitu2tion),,,(StephenFrantzich),131C2SPAN:TimothyE.Cook,GoverningwiththeNews:TheNewsMediaasaPoliticalInstitution(ChicagoandLondon:UniversityofChicagoPress).RichardA.Brody,BookReview,PublicOpinionQuarterly,Vol.62,No.4,Winter1998,pp.665-667.:,37:,21-22:,,1999,20,,(PamelaJ.Shoemaker)1998,19961998,,,,,:(CableSatellitePublicAffairsNetworks)C2SPAN,,C2SPAN1979,(BrianP.Lamb)1963,1964,17,,1977,,2.5231::ProceedingsoftheAcademyofPoliticalScience(TheAcademyofPo2liticalScience,1982).,C2SPAN,(JohnD.EvansFundforMe2diaandTechnology)(JohnD.Evans),C2SPAN,,319,350C2SPAN1980,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,C2SPAN1982,C2SPAN7,24C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,,,1989,C2SPANC2SPAN,90,C2SPAN1990618,C2SPAN50001992111,C2SPAN120019979,C2SPAN,10,C2SPAN,C2SPAN260,65007700,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,,331C2SPAN:C2SPAN,1986,C2SPAN(C2SPAN2),C2SPAN2,,C2SPAN2,848TravisPaddock,C2SPANChiefSaysNetworkHasExtendedtheGallery:,19931C2SPAN:(1),,,2000,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN2001920,C2SPAN911911102040,C2SPAN229,,(2)C2SPAN,,C2SPAN(3)C2SPAN,C2SPAN431C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,:,,200111,1,52,C2SPAN,(4)C2SPAN1999312,C2SPAN,41,C2SPANTC2SPAN20,(5),88,C2SPAN48,,,,(6),,;,,,,,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,1800C2SPAN,,,3.20,C2SPANC2SPAN,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,531C2SPAN::,52,,C2SPAN,,,:,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,:(1);(2),,,;(3),;(4),;C2SPAN,,,C2SPANC2SPAN,,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,631:,://:C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,,,C2SPAN,,:1995,C2SPANC2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,(JackNel2son),,,C2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,,,C2SPANC2SPAN,C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,C2SPANC2SPAN,,,,,80,731C2SPAN:TodayinTechnologyHistory.TodayinTechnologyHistory.C2SPANFounderSaysHisNetworkIsBasedonASimpleConcept,(ElliotLevitas):,,,,C2SPAN,,C2SPANC2SPAN,,,,,1989,(JimWright)C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,,,C2SPANC2SPAN:,,,,(C2SPAN),C2SPAN,,,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,19953,,,:,C2SPAN???,C2SPAN,,;,,,;831StephenFrantzich,CommunicationsandCongress,p.97.StephenFrantzich,CommunicationsandCongress,p.97.,,C2SPAN,,:,(),C2SPAN,C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,C2SPAN1997,(FredThompson),,,:,C2SPANC2SPAN,,C2SPAN()C2SPAN,,C2SPAN,(JohnAnderson):C2SPAN,54%,6%C2SPANC2SPAN6300,C2SPAN3900C2SPAN:,931C2SPAN:C2SPANFounderSaysHisNetworkIsBasedonASimpleConcept.RonaldD.Elving,C2SPANGetPushy,:PublicTelesthesia?:StephenFrantzich,CommunicationsandCongress,p.98.StephenFrantzich,CommunicationsandCongress,p.98.C2SPAN,,:1.,,,2.C2SPAN,,,,,,3.C2SPAN,,C2SPAN?,,,C2SPAN1996,1012,,,,,,C2SPAN,041AlissaJ.Rubin,RealityofToughJobAheadDampensJoyOverDeal,CongressionalQuarterlyWeeklyReport,November25,1995,pp.3597-3599;GeorgeHager,ABatteredGOPCallsWorkersBacktoJob,CongressionalQuarterlyWeeklyReport,January6,1996,pp.53-57;GeorgeHager,Congress,ClintonYieldEnoughtoClosetheBookonFiscal96,CongressionalQuarterlyWeeklyReport,April27,1996,pp.1155-1157.:,447CitedfromWilliamJ.Keefe,MorrisS.Ogul,TheAmericanLegislativeProcess:CongressandtheStates(NJ:Prentice2Hall,1997),p.7.::,,200131,446,,2/3,,C2SPAN,4.C2SPAN,,,,,,,C2SPAN,,,:141C2SPAN:RobinToner,SplitandBruisedinPolls,G.O.P.WeighsNewTactics,NewYorkTimes,Jan2uary5,1996,D18.:,447thefoundationforthefuture,nomatterwhatchallengesandchangeswillbeconfrontedwith.U.S.CongressThroughtheC2SPANCamera:InteractionBetweenPressandPoliticsShenGuolin(130)Bywayofstudyingthefoundinghistory,audiencestructureandemployeehiringofC2SPAN,theU.S.Congresstelevisionstation,thearticlemakesaninvestigationintotherelationshipbetweentheCongressandthepress.ItalsoprovidesananalysisofcongressmenpsandcongresswomenpsdoubleattitudetowardsC2SPANandaninspectionofcertainviewpointsinWesternjournalism,furtherdelvingintotheinteractionbetweentheAmericanpressandpolitics..REVIEWSThe150YearsofChineseStudentsStudyingintheUnitedStatesTsu2KaiChu(142)ACADEMICACTIVITIESAnInternationalSymposiumonU.S.SocialDevelopmentandSino2U.S.ExchangesHeldinChangchunXieFei(129)NewBooks(157)EditorpsNote(160)ArticlesappearinginthisjournalareabstractedandindexedinHis2toricalAbstractsandAmerica:HistoryandLife.6