汽车变速器毕业设计

重庆航天职业技术学院汽车六档变速器毕业设计专业xxxxxxxxxx班级xxxxxxxxxxxxxx学号___xxxxxxxxxx__姓名___xxxxxxxxxx____指导教师xxxxxxxxxxxx起止日期xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx机电信息工程系-I-摘要作为汽车传动系统的重要组成部分，变速器对整车的动力性与经济性、操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动的平稳性与效率都有着较为直接的影响。虽然传统机械式的手动变速器具有换档冲击大，体积大，操纵麻烦等诸多缺点，但仍以其传动效率高、生产制造工艺成熟以及成本低等特点，广泛应用于现代汽车上。本文在深入了解和学习变速器开发流程和相关设计理论知识的前提下，首先确定该微型汽车手动变速器的设计方案，包括齿轮和轴的总布置形式、换档操纵机构及档位布置形式等；其次根据所配发动机的基本参数以及考虑到整车动力性和经济性要求下的传动比，设计计算出变速器主要零件的相关参数，通过对设计参数的分析，找到影响手动变速器性能的因素，完成齿轮、轴和轴承等主要零件以及同步器同步过程的分析。同时针对各影响因素结合变速器的结构和目标性能进行优化。在提高传动效率，换挡舒适性，整机NVH性能，轻量化等方面进行研究。关键词：手动变速器传动效率NVH性能轻量化-II-AbstractAsanimportantpartofautomobiletransmission,gearboxnotonlyhasadirecti-mpactonthevehicle’spowerandeconomy,alsoaffectstheoperationreliabilityandease,transmissionstabilityandefficiency．Althoughthetraditionalmechanicalmanualtransmissionhasmanydisadvantages，suchaslargeshiftshock,hugevolumeandcomplicatedcontrol，itisstillwidelyusedinmodemcarsforitsadvantagesofhightransmissionefficiency,matureproductiontechniqueandmoreimportantlylowcost．Thisthesisfirmlyconfirmsthedesignplanofmanualgearboxofmicrocar,basingonthecomprehensionandstudyongearboxdevelopmentprocessaswellasrelevanttheories．Thedesignplanincludesthelayoutofgearandshaft,layoutofgearshiftingoperationmechanism，etc．Secondlybasedontheessentialparameteroffurnishedengineandtherequiredtransmissionratioofthevehicle’spowerperformance，therelatedparametersonmaincomponentsofgearboxareworkedout．Viaanalysistodesignparameters，findsoutthefactorswhichtakeeffectsontheperformanceofmanualgearbox．Thisthesiscompletesgear,shaftandbearingmainpartsandsynchronizersynchronousprocessanalysis.Consideringallthefactorscombinedwiththestructureoftheperformancetargetandtransmissionisoptimized.Inimprovethetransmissionefficiency,theshiftingcomfortability,theoverallperformanceofNVH,lightweight,etc,Keyword:manualtransmissiontransmissionefficiencyNVHperformancelightweight-III-目录摘要.........................................................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................................................II一、绪论...................................................................................................................................1(一)选题的背景及意义.....................................................................................................1(二)国内外研究状况.........................................................................................................2(三)研究的内容..................................................................................................................4二、变速器方案的确定....................................................................................................5(一)变速器结构方案的确定............................................................................................51.变速器传动机构的结构分析与型式选择........................................................52.倒挡传动方案........................................................................................................10(二)变速器主要零件结构方案的分析.......................................................................121.齿轮型式.................................................................................................................122.换挡机构型式........................................................................................................12三、变速器主要参数的选择.......................................................................................14(一)变速器主要参数的选择..........................................................................................141.挡数和传动比...........................................................................................142.中心距......................................................................................................................153.轴向尺寸.................................................................................................................164.齿轮参数.................................................................................................................16四、主要零件的选择.......................................................................................................18(一)各档传动比机器齿轮齿数的确定.......................................................................181.确定各挡齿轮的齿数..........................................................................................18-IV-2.齿轮变位系数的选择..........................................................................................20(二)变速器齿轮的强度计算与材料的选择..............................................................211.齿轮的损坏原因及形式......................................................................................212.齿轮的强度计算与校核......................................................................................22(三)变速器轴的强度计算与校核.................................................................................261.变速器轴的结构和尺寸...........................................................................262.轴的校核........................................................................