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2015考研英语阅读理解精读P8—工学类Passage8Admittedly,minoraccidentsandsup-upscontinuetoshakepublicconfidenceinnuclearpower.Giventheunquantifiablerisksthatnuclearpowercarries,itisonlyrightthattheindustrybesubjectedtothetestofpublicopinionandduepoliticalprocess.However,thisarguesforexceptionalvigilance,regulatoryscrutinyandaccountability--andnotforbansorshutdowns.Thosenuclearoperatorswithagoodsafetyrecorddeservetohavetheirlicensesrenewed,sothatexistingplantsmayruntotheendoftheirusefullives.TheBushadministration’senthusiasticsupportgoesalotfurtherthanthis,however.Italsowantstoseenewplants.Proponentsofnewnuclearpowerstationsmakethreeargumentsintheirfavor.Theywillenhanceenergysecuritybylesseningdependenceonfossilfuels;farfrombeingenvironmentallyharmful,theywillbebeneficialbecausetheywillreducetheoutputofgreenhousegases;and,mostcrucially,theeconomicsofnuclearpowerhasimprovedfromthedayswhenitwaswhollydependentonbailoutandsubsidy.Yettheseargumentsdonotstanduptoscrutiny.TheclaimthatgovernmentsshouldsupportnuclearpowertoreducetheirvulnerabilitytotheOPECoilcartelisdoublyabsurd.Littleoilisusedinpowergeneration:whatnuclearpowerdisplacesismostlynaturalgasandcoal,whicharenotonlymoreplentifulthano订butalsogeographicallybetterdistributed.Securityisenhancednotbyseekingenergyselfsufficiencybutthroughdiversificationofsupplies.Creatinglotsoffissilematerialthatmightbepinchedbyterroristsisanoddwaytolookforsecurityanyway.Whatabouttheargumentthatclimatechangemightbethegreatsaviorofnuclearpower?GlobalwarmingisindeedariskthatshouldbetakenmoreseriouslythantheBushadministrationhassofardone.Nuclearplantsdonotproduceanycarbondioxide,whichistheprincipalgreenhousegas.However,rushinginresponsetobuilddozensofnewnuclearplantswouldbebothneedlesslyexpensiveandenvironmentallyunsound.Itwouldmakefarmoresensetoadoptacarbontax,whichwouldputcleanenergysourcessuchassolarandwindonanequalfootingwithnuclear,whosewasteposesanundeniable(ifremote)environmentalthreatofitsownforaeonstocome.Governmentsshouldalsodismantleallsubsidiesonfossilfuels--especiallyforcoal,thedirtiestofa11.Theyshouldadoptreformsthatsendproperpricesignalstothosewhousepower,andsoreduceemissions.Globalwarmingcertainlyprovidesoneargumentinfavorofnuclearpower,butitisnotsufficientonitsowntojustifyanuclearrenaissance.1.What'sthepublic’sopinionaboutnuclearindustry?[A]Peoplehavelittleconfidenceinnuclearpowerforthepotentialdisasterofnuclearaccidents.[B]Peoplethinkitimportanttoexercisestrictmonitoringandeffectivemanagementoftheexistingplants.[C]Peoplebelievethebestwaytoavoidnucleardisasteristoshutdownallthenuclearpowerstations.[D]Peopleagreetoprohibittheexistingnuclearplantsfromrunningtotheendoftheirusefullives.2.ThemostimportantreasonwhytheBushadministrationsupportmorenewnuclearpowerplantsisthat—————————[A]theywillincreaseenergysecurity[B]theyhelplessendependenceonfossilfuels[C]theyareenvironmentallyfriendly[D]theyneedlittlegovernmentfinancialsupport3.Accordingtotheauthorenergysecuritycanonlybeachievedby———————.[A]usinglessoilinpowergeneration[B]replacingfossilfuelswithmorenuclearpower[C]seekingenergyselfsufficiency[D]expandingthesourcesofpowersupply4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmeasuresistheleasthelpfulinprotectingtheenvironment?[A]Encouragingtheuseofcleanenergysources.[B]Cuttingoffsubsidiesonallfossilfuels.[C]Adoptingpricereformtoreduceemission.[D]Promotingtheresurgenceofnuclearpower.5.It’simpliedthat——.[A]nuclearpowerstationsmaybecomethetargetsofterroristattack[B]theBushadministrationdoesn’tgivedueweighttoenvironmentprotection[C]carbondioxideistheprincipalsourceofgreenhousegas[D]nuclearwastewillturntobeallenvironmentalthreatinthelong-runterm核心词汇slipvi.犯错误,滑倒scrutinyn.详细审查subsidyn.补助金pinchvt.偷窃难句点津Giventheunquantifiablerisksthatnuclearpowercarries,itisonlyrightthattheindustrybesubjectedtothetestofpublicopinionandduepoliticalprocess.[点津]该句包含一个让步状语从句,句子的主干是Itisrightthat…。第一个that引导的是以risks为先行词的定语从句;第二个that引导的是主语从句,其中and连接的是介词to的并列短语。译文:不可否认,一些小事故和疏忽一直在动摇着公众对核能的信心。就核能具有难以估量的潜在风险来说,核工业应该受到公众意见的考验和适当的政治进程的影响。无论如何,这都要求格外谨慎小心,制定详细的审查规章和责任制度,而不是下达禁令或责令关闭。那些具有良好安全记录的核电站应该有权利续签他们的许可证,以便现在的工厂可以运转到有效期结束。但是,布什政府的热情支持者要求更多。他们还希望看到新的核电厂。新核电厂的支持者提出了三条有利于自己的意见。他们将通过减少对矿物燃料的依赖来加强能源安全;核电站非但不会造成环境危害,而且是非常有益的,因为它们减少了温室气体的排放;最具决定性的是,核电站的经济状况已经有了改善,那些完全依靠补助和津贴的日子已经过去了。然而这些论证经不住仔细推敲。政府应该支持核电站的建设从而减少对石油输出国组织的依赖,这种要求是双重荒谬的。石油很少用于发电:核能所替代的主要是天然气和煤炭,而天然气和煤炭不仅比石油充裕,而且在地理分布上也更合理。能源安全不是通过寻求能源的自足来加强的,而是通过供应的多元化来实现的。不管怎么说,制造大量可能会被恐怖分子偷窃的核燃料是寻求能源安全的蹩脚办法。那种认为气候变化可能是核能的大救星的观点又如何呢?全球变暖确实是一个需要布什政府更严肃地对待的风险。核电站不制造任何作为主要温室气体的二氧化碳。但是,对此作出仓促回应,建立许多新的核电站,不仅是不必要的花费,对环境来说也是不安全的。采取一种对碳燃料进行征税的办法,会将清洁的能源如太阳能和风能放到与核能(其废料将对未来造成不可否认的环境威胁)同样重要的地位,这将会更有意义。政府也应当废除所有对矿物燃料的补助——尤其是煤炭这种最脏的燃料。他们应当采取一些改革措施,将适当的价格信号发送到使用此燃料者那里,从而减小排放量。全球变暖确实为核能的使用提供了有利的论据,但它自己并不足以证明核能应用的复兴是正当的。答案:1.B推断题。由题干关键词public’sopinion定位文章第一段。该段着重描述了大众对核电技术的种种忧虑和看法,群众所要求的并非禁止或关闭所有核电站,而是强调“高度警惕”以及“定期检查评估”,对于运行安全的核反应堆可以续发执照,以便充分利用现有的核电资源,故正确答案为B。其余选项A(由于核事故的潜在危险,人们对核能几乎没有信心)与文中的shakepubliccon6dence(动摇公众的信心)不相符,C(人们认为避免核灾难最好的方法是关闭所有的核电站)和D(人们同意禁止现有的核电厂运转到有效期结束)与文意相悖,故错误。2.D细节题。由题干关键词But
本文标题:考研英语阅读理解精读P8—工学类
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