小学英语冠词讲解与练习

1、知识1定义：冠词是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词。2、知识2：冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词a,an和定冠词the（一）不定冠词a,an★不定冠词表示数量一个或一.不定冠词a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前,an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前.但语气没有one强烈。如:abook,apen,agirl,aworker,anarm,anapple，anorange,anhour,anegg★以字母u开头的单词，u的发音为/ju:/时,前面要用a;发音为元音音素的单词,前面都要用an如:ausefulbookauniversityanumbrellaanhouranhonestchildaninterestingstor★用在某些固定词组中。abit有一点儿;一会儿abitof一点儿;少许afew一些;少数几个alittle一点儿alot(of)许多amomentlater片刻之后apairof一对，一双afterawhile过一会儿haveagoodtime玩得很高兴havearest休息onceuponatime从前inaminute一会儿;立刻justamoment等一会儿Exercise:一、判断正误astory()aapple()apaper（）aorange（）aprettywoman（）anschool()anusefulbook()二、用正确的a和an填空。1、（）catcancatchmice.2、Theantis()insect.3、Lucyspends()hourdoingherhomeworkeveryday.4、Bob'sfatheris()engineer.5、Johnis()honestboy三、在空格内填上a或an1._____ear2.______actor3._____hen4.______toy5.______university6.______elephant7.______hat8.______umbrella9.______rabbit10.______idea11.______hour12_______honestboy13.______interestingbook14.______easyquestion15.______orangedress16_______applepie17_______X-raymachine18.______icecream(二)定冠词the定冠词the通常对所修饰的名词有指定作用。1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。Themaninblueinmyfather.穿蓝衣服的男人是我爸爸。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Openthewindowplease.请把窗户打开。(双方都知道指的是哪一扇窗户)3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.窗户附近有一把椅子。椅子上坐着一位年轻妇女，怀里抱着一个婴儿。Ihaveabook.Thebookisveryinteresting.我有一本书。这本书非常有趣。4.指世上独一无二的事物。Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?太阳、地球和月亮哪个最大？Akiteisflyinginthesky.一只风筝在天空中飞翔。5.用在乐器名称前。Doyoulikeplayingthepiano?你喜欢弹钢琴吗？6.用在集合名词前，指一个整体。Thefamilyareallmusiclovers.全家人都是音乐爱好者。Thepublicarethebestjudges.公众是最好的审判员。7.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。Thefirsttruckisthefastestofall.第一辆货车跑得最快。8.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。theGreatwall长城theSummerPalace颐和园9.用在某些形容词前，表示复数意义的某类人。therich富人thesick病人theold老人theyoung年轻人thepoor_________thedeaf__________theblind____________10.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妇俩”。TheTurnersaregoinghomeonatrain.11.用在方位词前。ontheleft在左边intheeast在东方attheback/frontof在……的后/前面12.用在某些固定词组中。allthetime一直atthesametime同时bytheway顺便说intheend最后inthemorning在上午ontheearth在地球上thedayaftertomorrow后天thedaybeforeyesterday前天3.知识3：不用冠词的情况1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词Thedeskismadeofwood.Whatiswork?Workisstruggle2）专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England，ChinaMaryLileiMr.Green3）在星期、月份，季节，节日等名词前：Wehavefourseasons-spring,summer,autumnandwinter一年有四季：春夏秋冬WeoftengotoseaafilmonSunday.我们经常周日去看电影。TomorrowisNationalDay.明天是国庆节。4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this，my，that，those，these，her)如：thismorningmypenyourwatchwhosebike等5）在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：havebreakfastplaychessplaybasketball(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴playthepianoplaytheviolin)6）固定短语：bybus乘坐公共汽车afterschool放学后inbed卧床atfirst首先atnoon在中午onfoot步行四、课堂练习1.Momtellsherlittledaughteroldstoryeverynight.A.aB./C.anD.the2.computeronthetableisSusan’s.A.AB.AnC.TheD./3.Thereismapoftheworldonwall.mapismine.A.a,a,AB.a,the,TheC.the,the,TheD.the,the,A4.Whitesliveonfloor.A./,threeB.A,thirdC.The,thirdD.The,thethird5.Springcomesafterwinter.A./,/B.The,/C.The,theD.A,the6.Iboughtshoesyesterday.shoesareverybeautiful.A.a,TheB.apairof,TheC.the,TheD.apair,Thepair7.HewassoldierintheSecondWorldWar.A.aB.anC.theD./8.Shecanplayand.A.thetennis,theguitarB.tennis,guitarC.thetennis,guitarD.tennis,theguitar9.Icanseemoonandcloudsinthesky.A.the,aB.a,aC.the,/D.the,the10.“c”isin“cat.”“s”isin“sat.”A.An,AnB.An,AC.A,AD.A,An11.Tian’anmenSquareisinBeijing.A./,/B.A,/C.The,/D./,the12.—Canyoutellmenearestbookshop?—Gostraightandturnrightat_______thirdcrossing,andyouwillseeit.A.the,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,/五课后作业用a,an,the或“/”填空1.________Washingtonis_______capitalof________UnitedStatesofAmerica.2.Thereis_________”A”onhispaper.3.Iate______apple.It’s_______redapple.4._______tallmanoverthereismyboss.5._______earthmovesaroundsun.