被动语态讲解.ppt

LiHongpingWhereisteaproducedinChina?AnxiandHangzhouarewidelyknownfortheirtea.Howisteaproduced?Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Theleavesarepickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.Theteaispackedandsenttomanyplaces.被打的豆豆遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。Doudouisalwaysbeatenbysomeone.昨天晚上，夜黑风高，它又被打了。Doudouwasbeatenyesterdayevening.明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow,Doudouwillbebeatenseveraltimes.可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打。Ourdeardoudouisbeingbeatennow.随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(theActiveVoice)被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedthetree.Thetreewasplantedbyus.注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.(一)被动语态基本用法:当动作的承受者比执行者更重要时；当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁时。be+过去分词(二)被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化[1].NowEnglish____bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am/is/are+PP[2].Thelostboy____atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般过去时的被动语态：主语+was/were+PP[3].Moreman-madesatellites____inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般将来时的被动语态：主语+will+be+PP主语+begoingto+be+PP[4].Threebridges____sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt现在完成时的被动语态：主语+have/has+been+PP[5].Flowers____everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP1.一般现在时：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词2.一般过去时：was/were+及物动词的过去分词3.现在/过去完成时：has/have/had+been+及物动词的过去分词4.一般将来时：will+be+及物动词的过去分词5.含有情态动词：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词6.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone动词过去分词的变化:(三)主动语态变被动语态:(1)把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;(2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesinthefactory.aremadethemby主变被步骤:1.找宾语:即动作的承受者(改为主语)Hewashedhiscaryesterday.Hiscar3.判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词的单复数.be4.判断动词的时态:即be动词的时态.2.修改谓语的语态:即be+原V.过去分词washed5.修改原句的主语:即by+主语(变宾格).(byhim)yesterday.iswaswas1.Tombrokethewindow.Thewindow2.Shebrokethewindows.Thewindows3.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.TheclassroomwasbrokenbyTom.werebrokenbyher.iscleanedbyhimbe动词的单复数变化:everyday.1.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkintendays.willbefinished(bythem)2.Theyaregoingtohaveashowtomorrow.Ashowisgoingtobehad(bythem)tomorrow.1.Amycantakegoodcareofthecat．ThecatcanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.2.Theyshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongsbythem.shouldbesung(四)被动语态的特殊情况:1.在主动语态中,make,let,hear,see,watch,notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动词原形),在变为被动语态时,必须还原动词不定式符号to.如:1)Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom.Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom.2)Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.3)Iseehimwalktoschool.Heisseentowalktoschool.•Atrafficaccident_________(happen)justnow.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…•PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:•Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writes•Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…不用被动语态的动词：