英语句子的重音和升降调详解-吴建伟

1句子重音，升降调SentenceStressandintonation句子重音的一般规则实词重读虚词不重读名词一般都重读Thereisa'bookonthe'desk.My'sister'putupa'pictureonthe'wall.'John'wantsto'seethe'teacherafter'class.An'elephantisan'animal.2一些含义较广，本身没有很确切内容的名词,如thing,person,place,或指一大类人或事物的名词，如man,woman,fellow,time,ship,前面有修饰语缩小其范围时，这类名词通常不重读'That’sa'nicething.(比较：'That’sa'nice'picture.)He’san'easypersonto'geta'longwith.He’sthe'rightmanforthe'job.It’sal'ready'lunchtime.(比较;It’s'timefor'lunch.)3代词常重读的代词有1．指示代词'Thisis'notwhatI'mean.'That'isn’ttheoneI'askedfor.'Doyou'like(')these'flowers?但如指示代词前后都有重音时，该指示代词可失去重音'Howdoyou'likethose'littleones?'Who'wrotethis'interesting'story?42.名词性物主代词'Yoursis'much'nicerthan'mine.The'redoneis'his.但在双重所有格中，物主代词往往不重读I’m'writingtoa'friendofmine.3.强调代词I'sawitmy'self.The'manhim'self'toldmeso.4．疑问代词'Whoareyou'talkingto?'WhatcanI'doforyou?'Who'cameto'seeyouthis'morning?5不重读的代词有：人称代词，反身代词，物主代词（形容词性），相互代词，关系代词He'hasn’t'seenmy'brotheryet.He'hurthimselfwhenhewas'playing'football.They'often'helpeachother.The'girlwho'spoketoyoujust'nowismy'sister.6形容词（包括分词作形容词）一般都应重读数词一般都应重读The'streetsare'wide,'cleanand'beautiful.'This'narrow'valleywasthe'sceneofa'famous'battle.His'firstdaughterisfif'teen.It’sa'dullanddisap'pointingfilm.'That’sex'citingnews.The'worriedman'enteredthe'crowded'street.He'bought'ten'cupsand'Iboughtonly'four.7冠词一般都不重读He'livesina'house'not'farfromthe'school.It'san'hour’s'drivefromthe'old'station.The'man'overthereismy'brother.An'elephantisan'animal.8动词主要动词，或称实意动词、行为动词（notionalverb）都要重读(be、have除外)He‘takesa’walkafter‘supper’every‘day.’Don’tfor‘getyour’homework.Isup‘poseyou’knowhim.非限定动词一般也都要重读不定式Wede‘cidedto’startthe‘next’day.分词We'satatthe'desk'writinga'letter.动名词It’s'no'use'askinghimabout'that.9助动词和情态动词与not构成的缩略式要重读I'don’twantto'gothereto'day.He'wasn’tsur'prisedwhenI'toldhimthe'news.We'can’t'stayany'longer.'Don’tyouthinkyou'shouldn’tsay'suchthings?Wemust'doit'now,'mustn’twe?cannot不缩写成can’t时，重音也在can上I'cannotagree'withhim.10Do用于肯定句中表示强调时，总是重读的I'dohope'thiswillbeef'fective.He'doesneedyour'help.We'didwarnyoube'fore.'Do'drop'inwhenyouarein'Xuzhou.11不重读的动词助动词Hedid'notwork'hardforthee'xam.Wewereim'pressedbytheira'chievements.'Muchhasbeen'saida'boutit.Theywillbesur'prisedat'that.情态动词Heshouldbe'criticizedfor'doing'that.'Marycould'doit'betterthan'Herbert.Imust'go'now.'Whocan'answerthis'question?12动词be(是),have(有)一般不重读Ihave'somany'thingsto'doto'day.'Few'peoplehad'TV'setsin'those'days.The'keywas'inthe'box.以上几类通常不重读的动词用于简短回答，或其后省略了主要动词时，要重读;用于一般疑问句句首有时重读，但在比较随便的谈话中不必重读(')Haveyouany'brothersand'sisters?'Yes,I'have.(')Areyoua'student?'Yes,I'am.(')Canyou'comethisafter'noon?Yes,I'can.He'said'morethanhe'shouldatthe'meeting.I'don’twantto'gothere,butI'must.13副词一般都重读They'came'back'early'yesterday.'Wheredidyou'buyit?'Whydoyou'come?You'meet'people'everywhere.I’ve'never'heardof'suchathingbe'fore.Per'hapsshe’llar'riveto'night.'Tellhimto'come'in.A'car'dashed'past.'Thankyoufor'comingto'seeme'off.14但关系副词不重读He'visitedthe'small'villagewherehewas'born.They'came'rightatthe'timewhenwe'neededtheir'help.'Thisisthe'reasonwhythey'failed.介词单音节介词一般都不重读'Allbut'oneofthe'familyareat'home.'How'farisitfrom'Paristo'London?'Whatareyou'lookingat?'That’swhatIwas'thinkingof.15多音节的介词常重读，但也可不重读I’ll'doit(')after'lunch.He'finishedthe'article(')duringthe'holidays.The'man'walkeda(')longthe'street.He'searcheda(')mongthe'papers.Ifor'got'alla(')boutit.Ihave'nothingto'saycon(')cerningthis'problem.'Putit'oppositethe'door.16在不重读的连系动词be或人称代词后，不论是单音节或多音节介词都重读They’re'bythe'window.Hewas'inthe'sitting-room.Isit'nearthe'postoffice?The'teacherwas'withusatthe'picnic.Itwas'duringthe'interval.Hewasbe'sidehimselfwith'rage.Theyarebe'hindthe'door.17介词在句首时常可重读'Onhis'way'homehe'metan'old'friend.'Inthe'roomthey'founda'little'boy.'Underthe'tree'standsa'tallman.18连接词单一的并列连接词（包括关联连接词both…andneither…nor等）和从属连词都不重读He'cameand'spoketous.I'sawitbut'didn’t'readit.'Let’s'runorwe’llbe'late.'That'takesboth'timeand'energy.Neither'younor'Ican'solvethe'problem.Isug'gestthatwe'give'upthe'plan.Hewas'angrywithmebecauseIwas'late.Thepro'fessorwas'busy'writingwhenI'wentto'seehim.19We'tookthe'taxitothe'stationso(that)wecouldbein'timeforthe'train.She'didn’tar'rangethe'chairsasI'toldher.'Putitwhereitcan'easilybe'seen.He'wantsto'seeyoubeforeyou'leave.Shein'sistedon'going,thoughI'toldher'notto.Theyweredisap'pointedwhereas'wewerede'lighted.You'can’tunder'standituntilyou'readittothe'end.20连接词词组其中重要的词要重读还有一些意味较强的连接词也要重读If'onlyI'knewhowto'doit.He’ll'helpusoncon'ditionthatwe'trusthim.We’ll'startto'morrow'evenifit'rains.Theyhave'never'met'eversince'19'80.The'meetingwillbe'ginas'soonasthe'guests'come.You’llsuc'ceedso'longasyou'work'hard.It’s'sucha'pitythatyou'can’t'come.21He'spoke'so'fastthatIcould'hardly'followhim.Willyou'trya'gainsup'posingyou'fail?Imust'gothereal'thoughitis'raining.The'schoolbuswill'leavedi'rectlythe'bell'rings.Youcan'neversuc'ceedun'lessyou'work'hard.22从句放在主句前面时，处于句首的连接词常重读（that除外）'Whenhe'comesI’llintro'ducehimtoyou.'AfterI’ve'finisheditI’ll'showittoyou.'AsIwas'waitingforthe'bus,it'suddenlybe'ganto'rain.但Thatwecan'doitwith'out