英语语法-动词ing形式

1.动词-ing形式的构成：是在动词末尾加-ing形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing形式。如：do---doing,be---being,ask---asking,etc.否定形式：not+-ing构成2.动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有时态和语态的变化。-ing形式Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakemakingitthepopularsportintheworld为现在分词短语作结果状语，这类分词短语常放在句子的后面。如：Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.动名词：在句子中起名次作用，可作主，宾，表，定的成分。动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1.Thev–ingformusedassubject:Itisnecessarytogetwaterfromwettodryplace.Gettingwaterfromwettodryplacesisnecessary.Itcostnothingtowishforthing.Wishingforthingscostnothing.2.Thev–ingformusedasobject.Helikeshelpingothers.Objectv.+objectprep.+object1)v.+objectadmit,allow,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,escape,enjoy,finish,keep,imagine,mind,miss,practice,suggest,etc.HesuggestedpractisingspeakingEnglishinandoutofclass.只接v-ing作宾语的动词有：只接v-ing作宾语的词组有:giveup,putoff,insiston,lookforwardto,payattentionto,leadto,devote...to,makeacontributionto,feellike,sticktoHehasdevotedhislifetofindingwaystogrowmoreandmorerice.2)prep.+Object1.动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：It’snousedoing…It’snogooddoing…It’sawasteoftimedoing…例如：It’snousegoingtheretoday;hewon’tbeathome.It’sawasteoftimearguingaboutit.而在It’simportant/necessary/advisable/essential/fitting…这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：It’simportanttolearnforeignlanguages.2.在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere．3.动词need,require,want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：Thewindowneeds／requires／wantscleaning／tobecleaned．4.在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。5.动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can'thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意:forget,regret,remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。goondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事meandoing意味着要做某事meantodo想要做某事stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来（别的事）开始做某事trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事—Let'shavearest．—Notnow.Idon’twanttostop__________yet．A.studyB.tostudyC.forstudyingD.studying解析：stopstudying意为“停止学习”。—Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists．—Don’tyouremember________methestoryyesterday？A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tohavetold解析:remembertellingme意为“记得曾经告诉过我”。怎么判断是动名词还是现在分词呢？？方法一：Myjobisteaching.Teachingismyjob.Theboyissleeping.Sleepingistheboy.Agirlisdancing.Dancingisthegirl.找出右边成立的句子。动名词现在分词现在分词在做表语的时候：作表语（1）动名词Myjobisteaching.=Teachingismyjob.Herfull-timejobislayingeggs.=Layingeggsisherfull-timejob.作表语（2）现在分词Theplayisexciting.≠Excitingistheplay.Thestoryhetolduswasveryinteresting.≠Interestingwasthestoryhetoldus.方法二：在做定语的时候：adrinkingcupacupfordrinkingthesleepingboyaboyforsleepingacookingpanapanforcooking找出右边成立的句子。动名词动名词现在分词现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。动名词作定语表示性质或用途。总结：现在分词做宾补的时候，表示正在进行的动作。e.g.Isawtheboycryingsadly.V+sb.+doingsth.像这样的单词还有：make、let、have、lookat、listentosee,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe,find,leave等。能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些，看看有什么好方法可以将它们记住：make,let,have,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,feel.对了，用“三让、三看、两听、注意感觉”。多简单！1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_______mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repairedExercise2.Haveyouforgotten___$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember____ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing3.Mybrotherkeeps______mewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped4.Weshouldoftenpractise______Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking5.Thestorywassofunnythatwe______.A.couldn’thelplaughB.can’tbutlaughC.couldn’thelplaughingD.couldn’thelpbuttolaugh6.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear(昂贵),itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit7.Hedevotedhislifeto_____theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudied8.Wearebothlookingforwardto______nextweek.A.goingonvocationB.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocation9.Themicroscopeisusedfor_______minute(微小的)objects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine10.Mikehasgotused___uplateatnight.(stayup)A.tositB./C.tosittingD.sitting11.Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating12.Wearenowbusy_____fortheexamination.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.beingprepared13.Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid(避免)____others.A.beinginfected(感染)B.infectingC.toinfectD.infected14.Yourclothesneed______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.towashD.beingwashed15._____providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while______providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathed1.Allthestaffonourcompanyareconsidering_____tothecitycentreforthefashionshow.A．togoB．goingC．tohavegoneD．havinggone2.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.A．saidB．saysC．sayingD．tosay3.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted______hisadvice!A.totakeB.takingC.nottotakeD.nottaking