非物质文化遗产(英文版)

DefinitionIntangiblecultureisthecounterpartofculturewhichistangibleortouchable,whereasintangiblecultureincludessong,music,drama,skills,crafts,andtheotherpartsofculturethatcanberecordedbutcannotbetouchedandinteractedwith,withoutavehiclefortheculture.TheseculturalvehiclesarecalledHumanTreasuresbytheUN.KunquOperaisoneoftheoldestextantformsofChineseopera.ItevolvedfromtheKunshanmelody,anddominatedChinesetheatrefromthe16thtothe18thcenturies.KunquoriginatedintheWuculturalarea.DongMinorityBigSong（侗族大歌）ThebigsonginDongminorityisoriginatedinthewarringstatesperiodwithahistoryofover2,500years.Itisanaturalchorusfolksingingwithnoconductorandnoaccompaniment.Dongminoritybigsongisafolksupportvoicepolyphonywithonesingerleadingtheothersandmanyvoicesconstitutinghighharmonicbasschoralsinging.Itstandsoutamongordinaryfolkmusicintemperamentstructure,singingskillsandconcertperformanceandbecomesextremelyrareinbothChineseandforeignfolkmusic.Dongminoritybigsongmainlydepictsandinpraiseofnature,laboring,loveandfriendship.Inaword,itcontainsalltheharmonicaspectsbetweenmankindandnatureandemphasizesonrhymes,smoothmelodyandmetaphorlyricsandrendersprofoundcontents.YunJin(cloud-likebrocade)（云锦）YunJin(cloud-likebrocade)isanexcellentrepresentativeofChinesetraditionalculture.Itisnotedforchoicematerial,exquisitefabrication,elegantandgorgeouspattern,richcolorsandgotthenameofYunJinsinceitwasassplendidastheiridescentcloudsinthesky.YunJinhasalonghistoryof1580years，Thankstoitsrichculturalandscientificcontent,YunJinisreferredtoasthelastmilestoneinthedevelopmentofbrocadefabricationinancientChinabyspecialistsandenjoyedthefameoforientalgem.SymbolofThePicture牡丹-富贵石榴-多子桃—寿GuanzhongShadowPlay（关中皮影）AsaformofFolkart,Chineseshadowplayhasalonghistoryandwasoncepopularin29provinces.Chineseshadowplayissomewhatlikefilmwhichalsoneedsscreen,“actor”,“actress”,butshadowplayhasitsownuniquefeaturethatmakesitdifferentfromfilm.The“actors”,“actresses”inashadowplayarenotrealpersonsbutfiguresmadeofcowleather.Beingcontrolledbysomeonethesefiguresarereflectedonthescreen.Audienceswatchtheplayontheothersideofthescreen.Whentheplaygoeson,someoneplaystheinstrumentandsomeonesingstheopera.ItissaidthatChineseshadowplayistheearliestformoffilmandisthebasisoftheoriginalfilm.Guanzhongshadowplayisstillperformedduringthetemplefairs,weddingceremony,birthandfuneralceremonies,etc.Entertaininggodsisthepurposeofshadowplaywhichwillmakegodspleasedwiththepeoplewhopayfortheplayandwillblessthemforpeace,wealth,healthandhappiness.TheGuqinGuqin,Itisapluckedseven-stringChinesemusicalinstrumentofthezitherfamilywithahistoryofmorethan3000years.Theprefix“gu-”(meaning“ancient”)waslateraddedforclarification.Itcanalsobecalledqixianqin.ThegreatcharacteristicaboutGuqinissilence.Thanksforyourlistening!