相变材料和隔热材料在不同地区建筑中应用效果之比较分析

:0254-0096(2011)04-0508-09:2009-06-10:(2006BAA04B02);(KA2090130003):(1973),,,hye@ustceducn丁理峰,叶宏(,230027):,5,,,,:;,,,15a;,,5a,,15a:;;;;:TK512+4:A0,30%~40%,,20m280%,430m295%,2~3,[1][2~4][2],,4,,[3],,,[4],,1~2,,,,5,,,,111,32420114ACTAENERGIAESOLARISSINICAVol32,No4Apr,20114:,,:4m,33m,28m,30cm;15m15m11Fig1Theschematicofthephysicalmodel1,Sin,Sso,ql(),QlightcsnewfswoaskyiaRi-j,xqi-j,x,ij,x(r,c),,qi-j,rij12,:;;,;,;121[5]:pcp,eTt=kp2Ty2(1),pcp,ekpcp,ekp(2),(3)cp,e=cp,sttm-tq12t+cp,stm-tttm+tcp,1ttm+t(2)kp=kp,sttm-tkp,s+kp,1-kp,s2t[t-(tm-t)]tm-tttm+tkp,1ttm+t(3),cp,skp,s;cp,1kp,1;tm;t()122:1iTit=2Tiy2(4),i123iacp,iaViaTiat=jTj-TiaRia-j+rvent3600iacp,iaVia(Tvent-Tia)-qc1(5),iacp,ia;Via;Tvent;qc1;rvent()124swcswVswTswt=jTj-TswRj-sw+Ssw(6)4:509,swcswVsw;Rj-swj;Ssw125,:-knAnTn/y|y=0=j(Tj-Tn)/Rj-n+Sn(7),:knAnTny|y=yn2=0(8),:-ksAsTsoy|y=ys=hr,soAs(Tso-Tsky)+hs-oaAs(Ts-Toa)-Sso(9),h-rso;hs-oa,Ri-j,riSi[6,7],,Gauss-Seidel13,,[8],151,101Table1Thefeatureoutdoorclimateandperiodofheatingandair-conditioningoftypicalurban2182291015~41536253612~910111~31537292624~915126~32294278513~10177519514,,3,,,2[1]2[9],[10]00141kWh(m2d);43Wm23,42Table2Theheatingandair-conditioningdegreedaysandtheratioofheatingenergytothetotalenergyconsumed%%%54185771002794870970301585513604025353941282610405011190050503Table3Thethermalparametersofthebuildingenvelope()kW(mK)-105801740076002000027kgm-314002500250090055cJ(kgK)-1105092084021001210510324Table4ThethicknessofexteriorwallandthermalinsulationlayersandheattransfercoefficientsofwindowsmmmmW(m2K)-1W(m2K)-137010003225370700412624030078302400175572402009557,:()(),521,,,,22,24,,,32Fig2ThevariationofroomtemperaturewhethertheinteriorwallsarePCMortheexternalwallwithorwithoutEPSinsummer3,,,,,,3Fig3ThevariationofroomtemperaturewhethertheinteriorwallsarePCMwallsandtheexternalwallwithorwithoutEPSinwinter,,,,,,5,(0487kWh0308kWh)5,,5(kWhm2)Table5TheheatingpowerconsumptionofroomwithorwithoutEPSorPCM(kWhm2)m-2EPSPCM423442808514335389376678560278025032412491520354:511,211%,,171%,,393%,,6,,,159%,6Table6Theenergyconsumptionofair-conditioningperareaofactiveroomwithorwithoutexteriorinsulationandPCM2cmPCMkWhm-2114111112991959,,,70%,423%,,,22,40%35%,,,,,,4264,,,,,,,,55,,4,,,4Fig4ThevariationofroomtemperaturewhethertheinteriorwallsarePCMortheexternalwallwithorwithoutEPSinsummer5Fig5Thevariationofroomtemperaturewithdifferentthicknessofinsulationmaterialsandwindows,25%,77,51232,590%523%,,,,7Table7ThehoursfallingintherangeofcomfortandaveragetemperatureofroomwhethertheinteriorwallsarePCMortheexternalwallwithorwithoutEPS16~2816~28227124183913101701193116871930195826697562886128018481300186351664582%590523,,,7,,,,,,(060kWh031kWh),88,,,6cm,459%,317%,,,531%,8(kWhm2)Table8TheheatingpowerconsumptionofroomwithorwithoutEPSorPCM(kWhm2)m-232441383462723752cmPCM196140%220059%416110%185922%2cmPCM173147%219259%392315%171828%2cmPCM108267%207750%315932%129346%1,250123%104824%354923%182523%2,178545%72048%250546%129446%:13cm;26cm,99Table9Theenergyconsumptionofair-conditioningperareaofroomwithorwithoutexteriorinsulationandPCMkWhm-28017682cmPCM7672cmPCM7502cmPCM5952cmPCM2459,(306%),959%,,104:51310Table10TheoperatingcostandpaybackperiodwhenusedEPSorPCMcomponent2cmPCM2cmPCM2m-24033786%38729926%2375185922%1294171828%71410051448m-2164~238164~23865~75m2132051837002165~31428500~12336455~525a30~4485~12331~36:,2cm,;,6cm,8~10,,,,3a,23,[11],,,,23,40%50%,,41~10311111,261296h,086,,,634%,,11Table11ThehoursfallingintherangeofcomfortandaveragetemperatureofroomwhethertheinteriorwallsarePCMortheexternalwallwithorwithoutEPS16~28%3256631426187323062192619228e26e3578455270108816261502610150%,12,12Table12Theenergyconsumptionofair-conditioningperareaandpaybackperiodwithorwithoutexteriorinsulationandPCM2cmPCMkWh#m-2121912160101804199m-27188¹71666159310421901710063190m-2)3215~3715º16412~23812»82110~595510a)78130~9014013148~1916064124~93119:¹0161;º»105143212,,,,,,,,15a,,,,,214,20e,,,[12],66,3cm,18e,,6Fig16ThetemperatureofpassivebuildinginthecoldestmonthwithorwithoutEPSanddoublewindowsinKunming215,,-10e2419%,2113e,1313,,,13(kWhPm2)Table13TheheatingpowerconsumptionandpaybackperiodwithorwithoutexteriorinsulationandPCM(kWhPm2)(m2#d)-1m-2aEPSPCM511811371645414724319301603)))PCM3018615813120126209143013266581216412~238123129~4177EPS1,2511511416318155158134012548291211012~125131122~1140EPS1,121759913814164126178011879881413210~143141123~1134EPS2,810595105161121191230116910311217311~190171155~1170:EPS110cm;EPS215cm,115a315a,,,3,5,:,,,,,,4:515,,,,,,,,,15a,6314%,,,,[][1],.2008[M].:,2008.[2]PeippoK,KauranenP,LundPD.MulticomponentPCMwalloptimizedforpassivesolarheating[J].EnergyandBuildings,1991,17(4):259)270.[3],,,.[J].,2008,29(11):1319)1323.[4]FengGuohui,LiangRuobing.Researchoncoolstoragetimeofaphasechangewallboardroominthesummer[A].Pro-ceedingsoftheSixthInternationalConferenceforEnhancedBuildingOperations[C],Shenzhen,China,2006.[5],,,.[J].,2004,25(4):488)491.[6].[D].,2002.[7],,,.[M].:,1988.[8],,,.[J].,2007,23(8):27)31.[9],.[M].:,2005.[10]IncroperaFP,DeWittDP.Fundamentalsofhe