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J.Am.Chem.Soc.2014,136,16716−16719静电纺丝技术将前驱体溶液带上高压静电,带电的聚合物液滴在电场的作用力下于毛细管的Taylor锥顶点被加速。当电场力足够大时,聚合物液滴可克服表面张力形成喷射细流。细流在喷射过程中溶剂挥发或固化,最终落在接受装置上,形成类似非织造布状的纤维毡。纳米纤维定义:美国国家科学基金会(NSF)定义纳米纤维为至少在一维空间尺度上小于100nm的纤维。无纺布工业一般认为直径小于1μm的纤维就是纳米纤维。特点:在微观上表现为纳米结构,具有纳米材料具有的一切特性;而在宏观上表现为网毡结构,可以在重力作用下自然沉降而分离。ACSAppl.Mater.Interfaces2011,3,369–377Nanolett2004,4,933Nanolett2004,4,933实验部分:纺丝液:PVP(K-30)、TBOT(钛酸丁酯,钛源)、DIPA(偶氮二羧酸二异丙酯,发泡剂);无水乙醇、醋酸作溶剂。静纺TiO2nanofibersPVP/TBOT/DIPAfibers煅烧DIPA,分子式为C8H14N2O4,在160℃左右完全分解为气相CO2、NO2、H2O。Fig.1(a-b)TypicalSEMimagesoftheas-spunpolymerprecursorofSampleA1underdifferentmagnifications.(c-e)TheelementmappingsofTi,OandNwithinasingleprecursorfiberunderSEM.Fig.2(a,b)SEMimagesoftheTiO2mesoporousnanofibers.(c)TEMimageofasinglemesoporousTiO2nanofiber.(d)XRDpatternofSampleA1aftercalcination.(e)Nitrogenadsorption−desorptionisothermoftheTiO2mesoporousnanofibers.(f)Correspondingporesizedistribution.Fig.3(a-b)SEMimagesoftheelectrospunpolymerfibersofSampleA2.(c-d)SEMimagesofthecalcinedproductsofSampleA2.(e)XRDpatternrecordedfromthecalcinedproductsSampleA2.(f)Nitrogenadsorption-desorptionisothermofthecalcinedproductsofSampleA2.Table1.SurfacepropertiesoftheTiO2mesoporousnanofibersofSampleA1andA2aswellasP25Fig.4(a)Hydrogenproductionphotocatalyzedbytheas-fabricatedmesoporousTiO2nanofibers,solidTiO2nanofibers,andP25underdifferentirradiationtime.(b)ResultsofreusabilityexperimentsforphotocatalyticH2generationusingthepresentthreephotocatalysts.(c)Schematicillustrationofmesoporousfiberswithenhancedphotocatalyticactivities.Fig.5AverageH2evolutionratesoftheas-fabricatedmesoporousTiO2fibers,solidTiO2fibersandP25.Table2.ComparisonoftherelatedworkforphotocatalyticH2production总结:1.利用静电纺丝技术合成了具有超长结构的纳米纤维。2.引入发泡剂,得到了具有均一的介孔结构的纳米纤维,并证明了其普适性。
本文标题:静电纺丝技术
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