道路建筑材料

《道路建筑材料》实验指导书班级：教师：姓名：学号：四川交通职业技术学院道桥系二○○七年一月1实验室管理制度1、学生必须在规定的时间内进入实验室。按指定小组到位，听教师讲解实验要求和操作注意事项。2、实验开始前，检查设备仪器是否完好，工具是否齐全，材料器材是否符合要求，若完好无损，请签字认可；若有问题应立即报告实验教师，由实验教师作好登记。3、实验过程中应严格遵守操作规程。实验时，不做与本实验无关的事。如遇仪器设备发生故障，应及时报告实验教师，不得自行拆卸；若因违规操作造成设备损坏，按设备价格的200%～300%赔偿。4、实验结束后，必须切断电源、水源，清点仪器和设备，完成实验报告，并由各班劳动委员安排同学打扫卫生，经指导教师检查同意后方可离开。2实验成绩的考核与评定实验成绩单独计分，与一门课程同样对待。一、平时考核：45分1、出勤：5分。迟到、早退或中途擅自离开者，每次扣0.5分；病事假而未申请补作，以旷课论，每学时扣1分。2、表现：10分。要求预习实验指导书，认真听取老师讲解，遵守实验室规则，认真操作，违者酌情扣分。3、实验报告：30分。按完整、正确、整洁清晰、按时上交四个方面评分(五分制)。不交报告或缺某次实验而未补作，该次实验报告成绩为0分；迟交扣1分。全期实验报告以各次得分的算术平均值乘以6计算。以上三项平时考核总分为45分，凡不足27分者，取消期末操作考试资格。二、期末操作考核：55分。在全期已作项目中，指定若干项为考核范围，现场抽签后独立操作，教师定点监考。按操作正确熟练、记录计算齐全准确、按时完成等方面评分。三、学期实验总成绩以上述两项成绩之和分为优(100～90分)、良(89～76分)、及格(75～65分)、不及格(65分以下)四个等级。3目录1.石料毛体积密度及孔隙率试验······························································(5)2．岩石单轴抗压强度试验········································································(7)3.粗集料磨耗试验····················································································(7)4.粗集料压碎值试验················································································(12)5.粗集料密度试验（网篮法）·································································(14)6.粗集料堆积密度及空隙率试验····························································(17)7.细集料表观密度试验···········································································(17)8.细集料堆积密度及紧装密度试验························································(22)9.细集料筛分试验··················································································(24)10.粗集料筛分试验··················································································(27)11.水泥混凝土用粗集料针片状颗粒含量试验········································(29)12.石灰有效氧化钙含量测定试验··························································(31)13.水泥胶砂强度试验··············································································(33)14.水泥细度试验·····················································································(36)15.水泥标准稠度用水量试验···································································(38)16.水泥凝结时间试验··············································································(40)17.水泥体积安定性试验··········································································(42)18.水泥砼试件制作及拌和物坍落度与毛体积密度试验··························(44)19.水泥混凝土抗压、抗折、劈裂抗拉强度试验······································(47)20．砂浆稠度试验····················································································(50)21．土的界限含水量·················································································(52)22．水泥或石灰稳定土灰剂量试验··························································(56)23．无侧限抗压强度试验········································································(60)24.沥青针入度试验·················································································(65)425.沥青延度试验·····················································································(67)26.沥青软化点试验·················································································(69)27.沥青标准粘度试验··············································································(71)28.沥青闪点与燃点试验··········································································(73)29.沥青混合料试件制作··········································································(75)30.压实沥青混合料试件密度试验···························································(78)31.沥青混合料马歇尔稳定度及浸水马歇尔试验·····································(81)32．沥青的粘附性试验·············································································(88)33．沥青抽提试验·····················································································(91)34．金属的弯曲试验··················································································(94)35．钢筋焊接头拉伸试验··········································································(96)5实验一石料毛体积密度及孔隙率试验（蜡封法）一、试验目的1、试验目的：测定石料在干燥状态下包括孔隙在内的单位体积固体材料的质量，评定石料质量及其技术性质。2、适用范围：适用于遇水崩解、溶解和干缩湿胀性松软石料的毛体积密度测定。二、试验设备试件加工设备、物理天平(感量0.01g)、烘箱、石蜡(密度一般为0.93g/cm3，可测定)、软毛刷、细线、大烧杯等。三、试验步骤1、试样制备：将石料试样锤打成粒径约50mm的不规则形状试件至少3块或将石料试样制成边长50mm的立方体试件(或直径与高均为50mm的圆柱体试件)3个，冲洗干净，注明编号备用。2、将试件放入烘箱，在105℃±5℃下烘至恒重,烘干时间一般为12h~24h，取出置于干燥器内冷却至室温。3、从干燥器中取出试件，放在天平上称其质量m0(精确至0.01g)。4、将石蜡加热熔化，在石蜡温度为55℃~58℃时，用软毛刷在石料试件表面涂上一层厚度不大于1mm的石蜡层，冷却后准确称出涂有石蜡试件空气中的质量m1。5、将涂有石蜡的试件系于天平上，称出其在水中的质量m2。6、擦干试件表面的水分，在空气中重新称取蜡封试件的质量，检查此时蜡封试件的质量是否大于浸水前的质量m1，如超过0.05g时，应取件重新测定。四、结果整理1、计算石料毛体积密度，精确至0.01g/cm3：ρh=m0VV=m1－m2－m1－m0ρwρP式中：ρh—石料毛体积密度，g/cm3；m0—烘至恒重时的试件质量，g;m1—涂石蜡后的试件在空气中的质量，g；m2—涂石蜡后的试件在水中的质量，g；ρp—石蜡的密度，g/cm3；ρw—水的密度，计算时取1g/cm3。62、组织均匀的岩石，其密度应为3个试件试验结果之平均值；组织不均匀的岩石，密度应记录最大与最小值。3、记录表石料毛体积密度试验记录表试验日期：年月日试样编号石料产地岩石名称用途试验编号烘干试件的质量m0(g)涂蜡试件在空气中的质量m1(g)涂蜡试件在水中的质量m2(g)石料体积V（cm3）毛体积密度ρh（g/cm3）备注单值平均值4、石料的孔隙率计算，精确至1%。孔隙率石料密度ρt(g/cm3)石料毛体积密度ρh(g/cm3)石料孔隙率(%)n=1-ρh×100%ρt石料实积率d=(ρh/ρt)×100%备注五、注意事项1、蜡封时严格控制石蜡温度和试件蜡封厚度。2、封蜡试件在水中称量后须擦干试件再称其在空气中的质量，检查其质量是否大于浸水前的质量ml，如超过0.05g，说明试件封蜡不好,水已浸入试件,应取件重新测定。3、称封蜡试件水中质量时，切忌试件接触烧杯(网篮)内壁,同时要检查烧杯外壁不要与天平吊盘架立柱接触。7实验二岩石单轴抗压强度试验一、目的和适用范围1、单轴抗压强度试验是测定规则形状岩石试件单轴抗压强度的方法，主要用于岩石的强度分级和岩石的描述。2、本法采用饱和状态下的岩石立方体(或圆柱体)试件的抗压强度来评定岩石强度(包括碎石