零售商关于售前服务的搭便车行为与RPM制度研究

:2006204226;:2007212228:(1969),,,;(1980),,,3(:NCET20620361)RPM3(,200433):(SST),,,Telser,(RPM),TelserRPM,RPM,,RPM,:;;;:O225:A:167129301(2008)0120043207RPM(ResalePriceMaintenance)RPM,(VerticalRestraints)[123]Mathewson&Winter[4],,RPM34()20081(32),,RPM,,,RPMRPMRPM,Telser[5]:?SST(TheSpecialServiceTheory),Telser,:,;,;;,,,,,,Telser,RPMMathewson&Winter[4]RPM:,RPM,;,RPM,;,RPM,RPM,,,,Bowman[6],RPM,;;RPM,[712],,,,,,,,,RPM,,,,[13]RPM,TelserMathewson&Winter[4,14],RPM,,,,RPM,RPMRPM,,,,RPM,,,RPM,,,,RPMKlein&Murphy[15],RPM,,,,RPM,TelserRPM,RPM,,RPM,,Shaw[16]RPM44RPM,RPM,RPM,,RPMShaw:(1),RPM,;(2),,()4,,RPM,:RPMTelser;,,;1.Shaw,(),2dpM,pR;1,x0pD=pR+cx,cx,c0,I(Informed)(),,,pI,,pIpR+cd;U(Unin2formed),,U,UIUI,,I=(s):(s)0,0(0)1,s[0,s-],(s-)=1,s0,,s=s-,I100%,CR=s+2dpM,2d,RPM,Shaw,i,j(ij)ijpiR+cdi=pjR+c(dij-di),di=pjR-piR+cdij2c(1)diji,j(ij),pkR(k=i,j)k(k=i,j),diij,R=2d(pR-pM)-s(2),pI,pR=pI-cd(3)54INDUSTRIALECONOMICSRESEARCHCT=2d0cxdx=cd2(4),,,Min{AC=(CT+CR)/2d}(5)AC(5)9AC/9d=c/2-s/2d2=0(6)9AC/9s=12d1-s(s)(s)=0(7)(6)d3=sc(8)(8)(3),p3R=pI-sc(9a)(8)(2),p3R=pM+12sc(9b),(7):s3(s3)(s3)=1(10)(10),1,,1%UI1%(),,2.RPM,ipi,j(9a),(8)I,,(1),diI=(p3R-pi+2cd3)/2c(11a),iI,U,,,i,j,j,i,iidiU=(p3R-pi)/2c(11b),iMaxiR=2[diI(0)+diU((s)-(0))](pi-pM)(12)64RPM9iR/9pi=(s)cp3R-2pi+pM+2(0)(s)cd3=0(13)(9a)(9b),ip3i=pI-54sc+(0)(s)cd3(14)(14)(9a),p3R-p3i=14-(0)(s)sc(s)(15)RPM,p3R-p3i0(15),(s)-(0)(0)3(16)(16),RPM,,(s)(10),(s)=ss-,0ss-0,s=0(17)00=(0)1,I(17)(16),40ss-1(18)(18),,40s-,40s-,s-I3.i,i,,U,i;,I,i,i,,(18),40s-,:,UIs-,;,I,,,,RPM,,(18),,,,0s-,,,,,,74INDUSTRIALECONOMICSRESEARCH,RPM20048,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2005,,[17],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,RPM,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,4S,,4S,,4S,,4S,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,Telser,RPM,,RPM,;,84RPM:UI,;I,,,,RPM,,,,0s-,,,,4SRPM,:[1]BOLTONP,GBONANNO.Verticalrestraintsinamodelofverticaldifferentiation[J].QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,1988,103(3):555570.[2],.:[J].,2006(2):1724.[3].[J].,2003(4):2025.[4]MATHEWSONFG,RAWINTER.Thelawandeconomicsofresalepricemaintenance[J].ReviewofIndustrialOrgan2ization,1998,13:5784.[5]TELSERLG.Whyshouldmanufacturerswantfairtrade[J].JournalofLawandEconomics,1960,3:86105.[6]BOWMAN,CLAUDEC.Uncomplimentaryremarksoncomplementaryneeds[J].AmericanSociologicalReview,1955,20(4):466466.[7]BRESNAHANT.Departuresfrommarginal2costpricingintheAmericanautomobileindustry[J].JournalofEconomet2rics,1981,17(2):201227.[8]BRESNAHANT.CompetitionandcollusionintheAmericanautomobileindustry:the1955pricewar[J].JournalofIn2dustrialEconomics,1987,35(4):457482.[9]CLAYKB,KRISHNANR,EDWOLFF.Pricesandpricedispersionontheweb:evidencefromtheonlinebookindustry[J].JournalofIndustrialEconomics,2001,49(4):521539.[10]CLERIDESSK.Bookvalue:intertemporalpricingandqualitydiscriminationintheU.S.marketforbooks[J].Interna2tionalJournalofIndustrialOrganization,2002,20(10):13851408.[11]FEENSTRARC,JLEVINSOHN.Estimatingmarkupsandmarketconductwithmultidimensionalproductattributes[J].ReviewofEconomicStudies,1995,62:1952.[12]JULLIENB,PREY.Resalepricemaintenanceandcollusion[EB/OL].IDEIWorkingPaper,no.102,2000.[13]OpBRIENDP,GSHAFFER.Verticalcontrolwithbilateralcontracts[J].RandJournalofEconomics,1992,23(3):299308.[14]MATHEWSONFG,RAWINTER.Aneconomictheoryofverticalrestraints[J].RandJournalofEconomics,1984,15(1):2738.[15]KLEINBENJAMIN,KMMurphy.Verticalrestraintsascontractenforcementmechanism[J].JournalofLawandEco2nomics,1988,131(2):265298.[16]SHAWDANIELJ.Resalepricemaintenanceasaprivatecontractenforcementmechanism:thespecialservicescase[J].SouthernEconomicJournal,1994,61(1):5268.[17].[J].,2006(9):1820.(63)94INDUSTRIALECONOMICSRESEARCH,,,2003,20022003[1],,(:)AnAnalysisonDynamicOperationalEfficiencyofChinaRoadTransportationIndustryBasedonMalmquistProductivityIndexLIUYuhai,LINJianbing,WENGJiahui(EconomicandSocialDevelopmentInstitute,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin300071,China)Abstract:BasedonanonparametricMalmquistProductivityIndex,thispaperhasanalyzedandevaluatedtheoperationalefficiencyofroadtransportationindustryinChinafrom2000to2004.Thefindingsdemonstratethatduringthisperiodtheoper2ationalefficiencyofChinaroadtransportationindustryshowsarisingtrendingeneral,exceptin2003theefficiencydeclinesbecauseoftheseriouseffectoftheSARS.However,theaverageoperationalefficiencydecreasesduringtheperiod,andthedeclineofefficiencyisgreatlyduetothetechnicalregradation,whichshowsthattherelationalmechanismbetweenthetechni2calprogressandthegrowthofoperationalefficiencyisnotstableonacertainextent.Keywords:roadtransportationindustry;operationalefficiency;malmquistproductivityindex(49):,2d,idij,,i2di(:)RetailerspIncentivestoFree2rideonPresaleServicesandRPMContractLUOPinliang,CHENLianquan(ManagementSchoolofFudanUniversity,Shanghai200433,China)Abstract:AccordingtoTslserpsSST,RPMisaneffectivelegalinstitutionarrangementformanufacturertoprohibitretailerpsfreeridingonpresaleservices.Unfortunately,TelserdidnptgivemorespecificconditionsforimplementingRPMcon2tract.ByestablishingaspatialcompetitionmodeltodeeplystudytheefficiencyofRPMcontract,wegettherelationshipbe2tweenretailerpsincentivetofree2rideonpresaleservicesandretaile