高光谱遥感课程-北大精品班

121.11:10-2λImagingSpectrometry2AVIRIS400nm2500nm31.21.2.15zzzzzTransmittancezzzzz350800nmz8001000nmz10002500nmz8002500nm(Starches)(Proteins)(Oils)(Sugars)(Lignin)(Cellulose)4z45%50%z45%50%z5%z85%z1.41.92.71978Collins12---512341.2.2121.41.92.730.60.800.050.10.150.20.250.30.3530060090012001500180021002400(nm)ABDC(g/cm3)A0.32B0.25C0.14D0.076HFHF40.50.70.50.751.41.92.71.2.30.42.5-zz7z1.12.51.2.4z0.41.3mµz1.32.5mµCO−23OH−H2Oz35mµSi-OAl-O1.2.5zzzz0.68mµzz1.3:InstantaneousFieldOfView,IFOV(SpatialResolution)SpectralResolutionSpectralResolution:BandwidthYX50%8(SpatialResolution):AngularResolvingPower,InstantaneousFieldofView,IFOVIFOVmradIFOVGroundResolutionCellGR=2×tgIFOV/2×H__FieldofViewFOV:GroundSwathGS22tan××=altitudeFOVGS9——0.4-2.5µmPhotovoltaicSemiconductorSilicon0.4-1.0µmCCDInSb1-5µm77KHgCdTe8-12.5µm120K——:1(EnergyFlux),2Altitude3SpectralResolution4IFOVElementIFOVIFOV5DwellTimeSpectralradiance:L=ρ∗Ε/πW.m-2.sr-1.µm-11Whiskbroom,OMISJPLAVIRISGERGERIS2(PushbroomHIRISHYDICEPHI3()4()(Whiskbroom)45°RotatingScanMirror(ElectricMotor)360°(Cross-trackScanning)(Detectors)101FOV900234Singal-To-NoiseRatioSNRAlong-trackScanning1111032PHICASIEOSHIRISHighResolutionImagingSpectrometerGoetz,1989HYDICE0.4-2.5µm:1302CCD3(3).FTVH1S1024X1024CCD0.6nm(Ultraspectrum)0.6mrad12(4)HughesSantaBarbaraWISCCD1.4zAIS11983JPLzAVIRISzFLIzDeadalusMIVISzGER79DAIS7915zDAISAzROSIS1022zHYDICEzHyMapHymap0.45-2.5µm12635µm8-10µm128zProbeEarthSearchSciences,Inc.0.4-2.5µm12811-18nmzITRESCASICompactAirborneSpectrographicImagerSASIShortwaveInfraredAirborneSpectrographicImagerTABIThermalAirborneSpectrographicImagerzGERTEXACOTEEMSzSEBASS(SpatiallyEnhancedBroadbandArraySpectrographSystem)3.0-5.5µm0.025µm;,7.8-13.5µm,0.04µm1001422128×128Si:As120Hz±0.05°K,2000:113PHIOMIS121PHICCD0.36rad21°1.0mrad2443005nm400nm---850nm367pixel/line1.86nm60Fr/sec.7.2Mb/sec.9kg2OMISOMIS-IOMIS-II12868µmnmµmnm0.46—1.110640.4—1.110641.06—1.7040161.55—1.7512.0—2.515322.08—2.3513.0—5.025083.0—5.018.0—12.550088.0—12.51(mrad)31.5/3(°)70(s/s)51015205121024/512(bit)12(Mbps)21.05SiInGaAsInSbMCTSiInGaAsInSb/MCTzLEWIS1997NASAzOrbview-42001zMODISEOSAM1199912EOSPM120025EOSTerraMODIS0.414µm36zEO-1HYPERION14300.42.5µm220(400-1000nm)60(900-2500nm)160z20007MightSat-IIFourierTransformHyperspectralImagerFTHSIMightySatIIAFRLz200110EuropeanSpaceAgencyPROBA(CHRIS)z200110EuropeanSpaceAgencyPROBA(CHRIS)CHRIS18m14×14Km400nm-1050nm11nm1962152.11IntegratingSphereIn-labcalibration2(On-runwaycalibration)3On-boardcalibration,4OnsiteCalibration1AVIRISGreen19981000w1030cm3000AVIRISPHI2(On-runwaycalibration)163AVIRIS543.5nmOMIS390°BB1,BB24zzDNz:LO(λ)=Lsun(λ)T(λ)R(λ)cos(θ)+Lpath(λ)LO(λ):Lsun(λ)T(λ)R(λ)ApparentReflectanceθLpath(λ)(EmpiricalMethods)(ModelBasedMethods)FlatFieldρλ=Rλ/Fλρλ17RλFλIARRρλ=Rλ/FλρλRλFλELReflectance=gain×radiance+offset(±errors)123DNb=ρ(λ)∗Αb+ΒbΑb:Βb:DNΒbρ(λ)Nρ1(λ)ρ2(λ)ρ3(λ)ρn(λ)DNib=ρi(λ)∗Αb+Βbi=1,2,n∑∑∑∑∑=====−•−•=NiNiiiNiNiNiibiibibNDNDNNA1212111)())(()()(λρλρλρλρ18∑∑∑∑∑∑======−••−•=NiNiiiNiNiNiibiiNiiibbNDNDNB121211121)())(()()())((λρλρλρλρλρABATREMAtmosphericTransmissionFactors0.4-2.5µm7H2OCO2O3N2OCOCH4O2CO2N2OCH4O290%O325CO1.0-2.5µm71.0µm1.0µm10%1.0-2.5µm71.0µm1.0µm10%0.94µm1.1µm5SSESP(Self-correctionEmpiricalSpectraSmooth)123“”193.1OMIS∆θθ∆θOP1P2NP1NP2hONP1NP2P1P2∆θhh*∆θii*h*∆θh*tan(i*∆θ)h*∆θikihhk⋅⋅=⋅⋅∆∆θθtan()k:ki=⋅arctan()∆∆θθkki’iki,,==+1kDNkDNikiDNiik()(')'(')'=∗−++∗+−1111DN’(i)=DN(k)2032.PHI33XMAISPPSe,PPSe,(,),(,)xyxySSeeMAISPPPnn122,,,,L=(,),(,),,(,)xyxyxynn1122L,PPPPSne,,,,1LBezierBezierBezierPPPP1234,,,[]PttttBPPPP()=××3212341B=−−−−1331363033001000xyxttttxtttxttxtxyttttytttyttyty()()()()()()()()=−+−+⋅+−+⋅+−+⋅+⋅=−+−+⋅+−+⋅+−+⋅+⋅32132232334321322323343313633333136333PsPePPSe,PPSe,21Pi,(,)xyii,PPSe,ykxb=+,kyyxxbxyxyxxesesessees=−−=⋅−⋅−yyes=xxes=∆xxxsi=−yi()/(,)ybkyii−yi∆xybkxii=−−()/34GoshtasbyGoshtasby,1988NPPPN12,,,,LPPPN12,,,,,,L(,),(,),(,)xyxyxynn1122L(,),(,),,(,),,,,,,xyxyxyNN1122L,fxyaaxayFrrrxxyyiiiiNiii(,)ln()()''''=+⋅+⋅+⋅⋅=−+−=∑012221222N+3aaaFiNi01212,,,,,,,=L22jiNjyyxxrrrFyaxaayxfFyFxFjijiijNiijijijjjjiiiNiiNii≠=−+−=⋅⋅+⋅+⋅+==⋅=⋅=∑∑∑∑===,...,2,1,)()(ln),(0002221222101135POS/DGPOS/DGGPSIMUGPSPCSPOSPacTMIMU/DGPSGPSPOS/DGGPSGPSIMU/DGPSPOS/DG231NMNMN/N-MM100/100-33=161,7001210100Swain,1978Hughes41FeatureSelectionX1X2X3X4X5X2X4×××2-1324:42FeatureExtraction1a)b)2ContinuumRemovalriiK(),,,,=12Lwrijw(m)r’(m)r(m)rmrm,()()r(m)h(m)=r’(m))()(,mrmr≥r(m)m,h(m)=r(m)hiiK(),,,,=12LX1X2X3X4X5Y1Y2F(x1,…x5)25hiri()()≥ririhi'()()/()=ri,()01.03SpectralAbsorptionIndexM(H)dd=(λm-λ2)/(λ1-λ2)∆ρs=ρ2-ρ1,mmddSAIρρρρρ21)1(/−+==(AbsorptionPosition,AP)(AbsorptionDepthAD)(AbsorptionWidthAW)(AbsorptionAsymmetry,AA4zh(n)=0x(n)≤T=1xnT()n=1,2,…Nzs2ρ2ρρ1s1ρmλ2λ1λms2ρ2ρρ1s1ρmλ2λ1λm26zzNnTnxTnxTTnxnhabaa,...2,1)(11)(01)(00)(=≤≤=5:dρ⁄dλd2ρ⁄d2λ6λλϕλλdf∫=21)(7670-800nm(IG)RRRRssoo()()exp(())λλλσ=−−−−222RsRoλoR(λ)λσ271IFOV(Spatialmixing)2VariableilluminationIFOVAm(endmember)L(λ)ρ(λ)L(λ)ρ(λ)LLLmm1122()(()),()(()),,()(()),λρλλρλλρλLIFOVA1,AAm2,,LAAAAm12+++=L