英语必修一讲义：必修一unit4讲义-含解析-精品

必修1Unit4Earthquakes地震一．考纲词汇梳理·活用单词荟萃1.核心单词(1)_____________(vi.)爆裂；爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发→_____________(过去式/过去分词)(2)_____________(n.)废墟;毁灭(vt.)毁灭;使破产(3)_____________(vt.)损害;伤害→_____________(n.)伤害;损害→_____________(adj.)受伤的(4)_____________(vt.)破坏;毁坏;消灭→_____________(n.)破坏；摧毁(5)_____________(v.)(使)震惊;震动(n.)休克;打击;震惊→_____________(adj.)令人震惊的→_____________(adj.)震惊的(6)_____________(n.&vt.)援救；营救(7)_____________(vt.)使陷入困境(n.)陷阱;困境→_____________(过去式/过去分词)(8)_____________(vt.)埋葬;掩埋;隐藏→_____________(过去式/过去分词)(9)_____________(vt.)使惊吓;吓唬→_____________(adj.)受惊的;受恐吓的→______________(adj.)令人恐惧的(10)_____________(n.)祝贺；(复数)贺词→______________(vt.)祝贺(11)_____________(n.)裁判员;法官(vt.)断定;判断;判决→______________(n.)判断力；识别力(12)_____________(vt.)表示;表达(n.)快车;速递→______________(n.)表达;表情2.阅读单词earthquake['ɜːθkweɪk]地震quake[kweɪk]地震well[wel]井pipe[paɪp]管；导管million['mɪljən]百万event[ɪ'vent]事件；大事nation['neɪʃ(ə)n]民族．国家；国民canal[kə'næl]运河．水道steam[stiːm]蒸汽．水汽dirt[dɜːt]污垢；泥土suffering['sʌf(ə)rɪŋ]苦难．痛苦extreme[ɪk'striːm;ek-]极度的brick[brɪk]砖.砖块dam[dæm]水坝．堰堤track[træk]轨道．足迹．痕迹useless[ˈju:sləs]无用的.无效的.无益的electricity[,ɪlek'trɪsɪtɪ;,el-;,iːl-]电，电流；电学disaster[dɪ'zɑːstə]灾难．灾祸mine[maɪn]矿．矿山矿井miner['maɪnə]矿工shelter['ʃeltə]掩蔽．掩蔽处；避身处title['taɪt(ə)l]标题；头衔．资格reporter[rɪ'pɔːtə]记者bar[bɑː]条；棒；条状物damage['dæmɪdʒ]损失损害frighten['fraɪt(ə)n]使惊吓；吓唬frightened['fraɪtnd]受惊的.受恐吓的frightening['fraɪt(ə)nɪŋ;'fraɪtnɪŋ]心令人恐俱的congratulation[kəngrætjʊ'leɪʃ(ə)n]祝贺；（复数）贺词judge[dʒʌdʒ]裁判员．法官以断定；判断；判决sincerely[sɪn'sɪəlɪ]真诚地．真挚地express[ɪk'spres;ek-]表示．表达快车；速递outline['aʊtlaɪn]要点；大纲．轮廓headline['hedlaɪn]报刊的大字标题cyclist['hedlaɪn]骑自行车的人2.联想积累1．“自然灾害”单词荟萃①disastern.灾难；不幸②earthquaken.地震③droughtn.旱灾；干旱④floodn.洪水；水灾⑤eruptionn.(火山)喷发⑥hurricanen.飓风⑦tsunamin.海啸2．“A→A→A”式不规则变化动词①burst—burst—burst爆发②cast—cast—cast投；抛③cost—cost—cost值；花费④cut—cut—cut割⑤hit—hit—hit打中⑥hurt—hurt—hurt损伤⑦let—let—let让⑧put—put—put放；放下⑨read—read—read读；阅读⑩rid—rid—rid去掉⑪set—set—set安放⑫shut—shut—shut关闭⑬split—split—split分裂⑭spread—spread—spread展开；传播3．“adj.＋­ity＝n.”荟萃①electricity电②popularity受欢迎；流行③reality现实④similarity相似点⑤security安全⑥equality平等⑦nationality国籍⑧personality个性⑨activity活动⑩majority大多数短语聚焦1.立刻；马上__________________2.仿佛；好像__________________3.结束；终结__________________4.严重受损；破败不堪__________________5.掘出；发现__________________6.许多；大量的__________________7.轻视；认为……没有价值__________________8.在户外__________________9.做演讲__________________10.集资；筹款；募捐__________________11.陷入__________________12.埋头于__________________词汇活用Ⅰ.单词填空（用所给单词的适当形式填空）1.It’s__________(report)thatBinLadewasshotbyAmericansoldiers.2.It's___________(use)toarguewiththefoolishperson.3.Seeingthe____________(frighten)scene,theboycried.4.Everyonewas_______(shock)thathehadbeencaught.5.I’msorrytohearthatyou_________(injure)yourfeet.6.Thegirlisan__________(extreme)popularstudentintheclass,becausesheisverykind.7.The___________(mine)wasrescuedafterbeingtrappedfor10hours.8.Marywillneverforgetthe___________(suffer)causedbythecaraccident.9.Alargeamountofrainforestis___________(destroy)everyday.10.IknowthatAmerican_______(nation)Dayis4thJuly.Ⅱ.短语填空（用所给短语的适当形式填空）alargenumberof，thinklittleof，beatanend，rightaway，inruins，burstintotears，inhonorof，betrappedin，asif，digout1.Hiscarwasburiedbythesnowandhadtobe_______.2.Themonumentwasbuilt______________thosewhodiedfortheliberationofthecountry.3.Shewasshakingwithterror____________she’dseensomethingterrible.4.Anearthquakeleftthewholetown________________.5.He____________mysuggestion,whichmademeupset.6.Theyweregladthatthewar_________________.7.Thelittlegirl_____________whenshesawhermother.8.Onhearingthenews，helefttheroom______________.9.Quite___________world-famouspaintingsareonshowinthisexhibition.10.She____________theburninghouse，whichworriedherparents.二．重点句型精讲·精练1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.(教材P26)在农家庭院，鸡甚至是猪都太紧张而不敢吃东西。【句式解读】句中“too...to...”为固定句式，意为“太……而不能”【句型公式】too+adj/adv.+todosth.太...而不能...【温馨提示】（1）当too...to...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如glad，happy，pleased，willing，ready，eager，anxious等时，不定式表示肯定的意义。（2）can’t/cannever...too...表示“再怎么……也不过分”【经典例句】①Theboyistooyoungtodresshimself.那孩子太小了而不会自己穿衣服。②Iamtoopleasedtomeetyouhere.在这儿见到你我非常高兴。③Youcan’tbetoocarefulintheexam.在考试时，你再怎么细心都不过分。【活学活用】①Shewastooweak____________(walk)steadily.②Youcan’tbesocarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.(单句改错)2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!(教材P26)似乎世界末日来临了！【句式解读】句中“Itseemedasif...”意为“看起来似乎…”。此结构可变成“Itseemedtosb.asif...”意为“对某人来说似乎…”【句型公式】seemasif/asthough......好像，似乎......【句型拓展】①Itseems/seemed（tosb.）that...（对某人来说）似乎…=Sb.seems/seemedtodo/tobedoing/tohavedone②Thereseems/seemedtobe...好像有……【温馨提示】①asif/though所引导的从句若表示的是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况，句子要用陈述语气；若表示的是不真实的或是极少可能发生或存在的情况，从句用虚拟语气。②若用虚拟语气，对现在的虚拟要用一般过去时（be动词一律用were），对过去的虚拟用过去完成时，对将来的虚拟用过去将来时。【经典例句】①Lookatthedarkclouds,itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.看那些乌云，好像要下雨了。②Whenapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater，itlooksasifitwerebroken.当铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时，看上去好像是断了。③Hetalkedaboutthefilmasifhehadalreadyseenit.他谈起这部电影就好像他已经看过了。④ItseemsthathehasbeentoHongkong.=HeseemstohavebeentoHongkong.他似乎去过香港。⑤Thereseemedtobenoonewhoreallyunderstoodme.似乎没有人真正理解我。【活学活用】①________seemedthathewassatisfiedwi