中考英语语法之主谓一致

主谓一致Agreementofsubjectandpredicate主谓一致主谓一致指”人称”和”数”方面的一致关系可分为:1.语法一致2.意义一致3.就近原则Agreementofsubjectandpredicate1.语法一致原则：主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。汤姆是个好动的学生，他经常踢足球。_____________________________________.他们经常在操场上踢足球。__________________________________________.Tomisanactivestudent.Heoftenplaysfootball.Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.1.有些词为复数形式,含义为单数,谓语用单数人称。例:news,maths,theUnitedStates,physics,theUnitedNations,politicsTheUnitedStates_________abigcountry.Nonews__________goodnews.Politics_____veryeasytolearntoo.isisisMotherandfather_________alittleEnglish.Bothbreadandbutter____________soldout.2.由and连接两个名词时,谓语般用复数形式.speakare我的老校友刚从国外回来.Myoldfriendandclassmate___comebackfromabroad.那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家将参加我们的英语晚会.Thesingeranddancer_____toattendourEnglishevening.hasisTheteacherandthewriterarefromShanghai那个老师和那个作家来自上海。(两个人)但是:and连接的并列主语指同一个人或事物,同一概念时,为单三人称。3.名词如:trousers,scissors,clothes,goods(商品),glasses等作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数.Hisclothes_______good.Mytrousers______tooold,Iwanttobuyanewpair.Yourglasses______new,aren’tthey?areareareApairofgloves_______welcomepresent.is但这些名词前若出现apairof时,谓语用单数.Here_______somenewpairsofshoesforyou.are但是：我们每个人都有一本新书.Eachofus______________anewbook.没有一个学生喜欢这款游戏.Nostudent____________thiskindofcomputergames.每个男人和女人都在工作。Everymanandeverywoman________atwork.4.either,each,every,no+名词（代词）作主语,谓语动词用单数形式.haslikesis水一点也没剩.Noneofthewater____________left.学生中谁也没去过那座岛.Noneofthestudents_______________beentotheisland.5.noneof作主语时,如果其后的名词是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,如果是可数名词,谓语可以用单数形式,也可以用复数形式.washas/have6.主语后面有with/alongwith/togetherwith/except/aswellas等时,谓语动词要与主语的数一致。那位老师连同他的学生一起看演唱会去了。Theteacher,alongwithhisstudents,____________theconcert.hasgoneto1.表示金钱,时间,距离等的名词虽然是复数形式,但主语按单数对待.这本书20美元太贵了。Twentydollars______tooexpensiveforthebook.四公里不算远.Fourkilometres_____notveryfar.八小时持时间真长.Eighthours______reallyaverylongtime.isisis意义一致原则：主语形式虽为复数，意义为单数，谓语动词用单数，主语形式虽为单数，意义为复数，谓语也用复数。2.集体名词family,group,class,population,team等作为整体视为单数，如果强调其成员应视为复数.比较:他家不是个大家庭.Hisfamily________notalargeone.她全家人在看电视.Herfamily_______watchingTV.isare指整体指家庭成员但是：集合名词police,people,clothes作主语时,谓语要用复数形式.警察正在寻找这个匪徒。Thepolice__________lookingfortherobber.areWhowrotethebooks_____unknown.是谁写的这本书不为人所知。Readingbooks_____goodforyourknowledge.读书有益于丰富你的知识。Whenandwheretoholdthemeeting_____beendecidedyet.何时何地举行这个会议还没决定。Whetherhewillcome______onwhetherhehasenoughtime.他是否会来还要他有足够的时间。isishasn’tdepends不定式,动名词及从句做主语时,作为单三人称。Ihavegotsomegreatshotsoftheboywhoplaystheguitarontheleft.Everydaywehaveactivitieswhichtakeplaceafterclass.定语从句中谓语动词的形式是根据先行词而定的.3.the+形容词,表示一类人,the+姓氏s表示一家人或一对夫妇，谓语用复数。例:盲人们得到了很好的照顾。_________________________________________布朗一家正在花园里种树。____________________________________________Theblindaretakencareofverywell.TheBrownsareplantingtreesinthegarden.1.由here,there,where等引导的倒装句中,(有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.Here_______thebus.公共汽车来了.There____(be)apenandsomepiecesofpaperforyou.Where___(be)yourwifeandchildrentostaywhileyouareaway?comesisis就近原则：谓语动词用单数还是用复数，取决于靠近它的主语学生和老师都不知道这事.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher____anythingaboutitHeoryou______takenmypen.他或你拿了我的钢笔.Notonlythestudentsbut(also)theirteacher________togosightseeing.不仅学生们，他们的老师也希望去观光。knowshavehopes2.用连词or,either....or,neither….nor,notonly….butalso等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.Exercises(单选)1.Twentyminutes(is,are)enoughforme.2.Eachofus(have,has)donethework.3.Weeach(have,has)beentotheGreatWall.4.Somebody(want,wants)toseeyou.5.Who(is,are)oftenlate?6.MrGreenwithhissons(are,is)havingsupperathome.7.Nooneexcepthissisters(know,knows)aboutit.8.TheGreens(are,is)watchingTV.9.Eitherheoryou(are,is)right.10.EithertheyorTom(have,has)askedthequestion.11.Eitheroftheanswers(isare)right.=Eachof11.NeitherhenorI(am,is,are)ateacher.12.Here(is,are)apencilandtwobooksforyouasyourbirthdaypresents.13.Milkandjuice(is,are)bothdelicious.14.There(is,are)nomeatandnobreadathome.15.Thispairofshoes(is,are)mine.16.Myfamily(is,are)allhere.17.Hisfamily(is,are)verysmall,withonlytwopeople.18.Herfamily(is,are)allwatchingTV.19.Fishes(live，lives)inthewater.20.There(is,are)littlesheeponthehill.小绵羊21.Sheep（is，are）whiteandmilk(is,are)white,too.22.Awomanwith2boys(is,are)workinginthefield.23.Threeyears(has,have)passedsincehelefthere.24.There(is,are)apairofshoesunderthebed.25.Theshoesunderthebed(is,are)mine.26.Morethanoneboy(has,have)beentotheUSA.27.All(has,have)cometotheparty.28.Noneofthem(is,are)agoodteacher.29.Noneofthem(is,are)workers.30.Theyeach(has,have)agoodbook.31.Thenumberofthebooksonthedesk(is,are)ten.32.Fishandchips(is,are)onthetable.33.Thetallerofthetwins(like,likes,islike)swimming.34.Theblacktrousersonthebed(is,are)his,theblueones(is,are)mine.35.Nonews(is,are)goodnews.36.Neitherofus(has,have)muchmoney.37.Mostofthefood(is,are)good.38.Whatcolor(is,are)thepens?39.Thephotooftheboys(is,are)onthewall.40.Eitherofthebooks(is,are)mine.41.NotonlyhisparentsbutalsoTom(is,are)invitedtotheparty.42.Theboylikehisparentsoften(go,goes)skating.43.Nothing(has,have)happenedoutside.44.Attheheadofthequeue(was,were)myparents.45.Halfofthesheep(like,likes)toeatthiskindofgrass.46.Onethird