基坑支护毕业论文

毕业设计（论文）题目美景天城小区地下车库开挖与支护专业土木工程（岩土）班级学生指导教师河南大学2014年4月摘要基坑工程是指在地表以下开挖的一个地下空间及其配套的支护体系。而基坑支护就是为保证基坑开挖，基础施工的顺利进行及基坑周边环境的安全，对基坑侧壁以及周边环境采用的支挡，加固与保护措施。基坑支护体系是临时结构，安全储备较小，具有较大风险，基坑工程具有很强的区域性。不同水文，工程地质环境条件下基坑工程的差异很大。基坑工程环境效应复杂，基坑开挖不仅要保证基坑本身的安全稳定，而且要有效的控制基坑周边地层移动以及保护周围环境。本文先介绍了地下车库的工程概况，包括水文地质和周围环境，然后通过结合对现有基坑开挖支护工法和车站实际情况的比较选择出了适合本站的开挖支护方案。下来通过土压力的计算、结构内力的计算，配筋、验算、支撑设计、沉降变形估算等对基坑的开挖支护作了理论上的数据分析，最后通过施工组织说明了各个工序施工的工法和应注意的问题。关键词：支护方案，地下连续墙，支撑，施工组织设计AbstractFoundationPitistheexcavationofanundergroundspacebelowthesurfaceandacoordinatedsupportsystem.BracingoffoundationpitistoensurethatexcavationandfoundationconstructionforthesmoothandsafeenvironmentFoundationPitandusedthepitretainingwallreinforcementandprotection.BracingofFoundationPitstructureisthestructuralsafetyoftemporaryreservesaresmaller,morerisk.Foundationpitstructurehasastrongregional.Excavationworksunderdifferenthydrologicalenvironmentalandgeologicalconditionsarevastly.Effectscomplexexcavation,excavationpitisnotonlynecessarytoensuretheirownsafety，butalsotoeffectivelycontrolthepitsurroundingstrata.First，thepaperintroducesthegeneralengineeringsituationofMeijingtiancheng，Includinghydrologicalgeologyandtheenvironment，Then，basedontheexistingfoundationpitexcavationmethodandstationactualsituationselectthesuitableforthestationoftheexcavationandsupportscheme。Andthen，throughthesoilpressurecalculation,structurecalculation,reinforcement,checking,supportdesign,deformationestimation，thenmadeatheoreticalanalysisofthedatafortheexcavationoffoundationpitsupporting。Finally，throughtheconstructionorganizationdescribestheconstructionprocessofthemethodandtheproblemwhichshouldbenoted.KEYWORDS:Supportingscheme,theUndergroundcontinuouswall,Support,Constructionorganizationdesign目录第一章工程概况.................................................................................................11.1工程简介...................................................................................................11.2工程地质与水文地质条件.....................................................................11.2.1车库工程地质层分布........................................................................11.2.2水文地质条件..................................................................................11.2.3特殊地质条件....................................................................................2第二章支护方案的选择与比较.........................................................................32.1基坑支护的类型及其特点和适用范围...................................................32.1.1深层搅拌水泥土围护墙....................................................................32.1.2土钉墙................................................................................................32.1.3排桩支护............................................................................................42.1.4槽钢钢板桩........................................................................................42.1.5钻孔灌注桩........................................................................................42.1.6钢板桩................................................................................................52.1.7SMW工法.............................................................................................52.1.8地下连续墙........................................................................................52.2方案的比较及确定...................................................................................62.2.1基坑的特点........................................................................................62.2.2支护方案的选择................................................................................6第三章支护结构计算.........................................................................................83.1地面荷载的确定.......................................................................................83.2按分层土计算土压力...............................................................................8第四章降水方案确定.........................................................................................94.1各种降水方案适用范围............................................................................94.2降水增加边坡和坑底稳定的原理............................................................94.3.电渗井点施工方案............................................................................104.3.1.井点设备及布置............................................................................104.3.2井点埋设与使用................................................................................104.3.3电渗井平面布置.............................................................................11第五章建筑物沉降计算...................................................................................12第六章基坑变形估算.....................................................................................13结论.....................................................................................................................14参考文献.............................................................................................................15前言基坑工程是我国当前地基基础领域一个重要的研究方向。基坑工程在二十世纪八十年代末才开始全面、深入地研究与工程实践，但随着我国建设事业的发展，城市的高层建筑大量涌现，极大的推动了深基坑工程设计理论和施工技术的不断发