全国2012年10月自考-高级英语试题及答案-课程代码00600

绝密★考试结束前全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试高级英语试题课程代码：00600请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）。选择题部分注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。I．Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions．Choosetherightonetocompletethesentence．(15points，1pointforeach)1．Thepresidingjudgedescribedtheterroristattackasan______crime．A．alluringB．abusiveC．abnormalD．abominable2．Thebillionaire______hisonlydaughterhisentireestate．A．deprivedB．entrustedC．presentedD．bequeathed3．Through______teethshetoldherex-supervisortoleaveimmediately．A．sneezingB．clenchedC．shiveringD．drenched4．Despiteallthegoodwillintheworld，theMiddleEastpeaceprocessremainsas______andfrustratingasever．A．elusiveB．evasiveC．inclusiveD．conducive5．Thetwogreattennisplayerstogethermakea(n)______combination．A．sizeableB．affordableC．perishableD．formidable6．Helivedquietlywithawomanwhowasneitheryoungnorold，neither______norpretty．A．sociableB．irritableC．homelyD．snobbish7．TheseTVviewersshowa(n)______lackofunderstanding．A．generousB．irresistibleC．lamentableD．good-natured8．Heshowedgreat______ofcharacterwhenherefusedtoacceptthebribes．A．forceB．abilityC．strengthD．potential9．Iwillgobacktomypeacefulhousealthoughitishumbleand______．A．cozyB．meanC．wornD．shabby10．Whentheauthorityoffathersbeginsto______，politicalpowergenerallycollapses，aswell．A．falterB．filterC．rumbleD．ramble11．Theglassremained______afterbeingdropped．A．intactB．contentC．abstractD．compact12．I______thisspeechtothememoryofthesewomenandchildren．A．devoteB．promoteC．dedicateD．indicate13．Trytodosomephysicalactivitythreetimesaweekfor______health．A．opiumB．optimumC．minimumD．maximum14．Theyneedtobe______atcollaboratingwithcolleaguesoutsidetheirowndepartment．A．adoptB．adeptC．adaptD．abrupt15．Hedeterminedwhowouldgofirstwithacoin______．A．tossB．flingC．twistD．throwReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsII，III，IV.ToKillorNottoKill(1)Capitalpunishmenthasbeenineffectsincethe1600’s．However,in1972theU．S．SupremeCourtruledthatthedeathpenaltywascruelandunusualpunishment，whichwasunconstitutionalaccordingtotheEighthAmendment．Itwaspublicopinionthatthecurrentmethodsofexecution，hanging，electrocution，andfacingafiringsquad，weretooslowandpainfuluponthepersontobeexecuted．TheU．S．SupremeCourtreversedthisdecisionwhenacleanerwaytobringaboutdeathwasfoundin1976．Thiscleanerwayisdeathbylethalinjection，whichisquickandpainlessifadministeredright．(2)Manypeoplehavearguedforandagainstcapitalpunishmentsinceitwasreinstituted．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileothersobjecttoitbecausedeathisirreversible．Ifeelthedeathpenaltyisagoodformofjusticebecauseonlyabout250peopleayeargetthedeathpenaltyandtheyareguiltybeyondadoubtanddon’tdeservelivingwiththepossibilityofparole．(3)ThesentencingjudgeorjuryareorderedbytheSupremeCourttolookforspecificaggravatingandmitigatingfactorsindecidingwhichconvictedmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath．Someofthesemitigatingfactorsarethedefendant’smotivation,character,personalhistory,andmostofallremorse．Everyyearapproximately250newoffendersareaddedtodeathrow．In1994therewere2，850personsawaitingexecution．Yetnomorethanthirty-eightpeoplehavebeenexecutedayearsince1976．Thisisaridiculouslylownumbercomparedto199personsexecutedin1935．(4)Thereasonforthisslowexecutionrateistheprocessofappeals．Fromsentencingtoexecutionthereisaboutaseven-to-eight-yearwait．Theconvicts’casesarereviewedbythestatecourtsandthroughthefederalcourts．Withallthisopportunityforthecasetobeturnedoverorthesentencetobechangeditisalmostimpossibleforaninnocentpersontobeexecuted．OnlytwopeoplehavebeenprovedinnocentaftertheirexecutionintheUnitedStates．Thesewrongfuldeathsoccurredin1918and1949．Sincethenthejusticesystemhasundergonealotoffinetuningmakingthisextremelyunlikelytoday.(5)Oneargumentagainstthedeathpenaltyisthatitcostslesstoimprisonsomeoneforlifethantoexecutethem．Thisisagoodpointthathasa1otofimpactonalotofpeople’sviewsregardingcapitalpunishmentsincetheyaretheonesfootingthebill．throughtaxes．IpersonallywouldnotmindpayingthelittlebitextrajustsoIknowforsurethatthere’sone1essmurdereronourplanet．Ifthedeathpenaltywasdoneawaywith，prisonerswhoshouldhavebeenexecutedwillbemixedinwithotherinmates．Itwouldbepossibleandnottoounlikelyforthemtokillanotherinmateorpossiblyaprisonguard．Ifsomeoneislinedupforexecutionthentheymorethanlikelydeserveit．Theyhavecausedagreatdealofgrieftothefamilyandfriendsofthevictimorvictimsanditseemsliketheonlywayjusticecouldbeservedisforthecriminaltodie.(6)Forthepersontosimplygotojailseemsunfair．Theretheywilleatthreemealsaday,gettowatchcableTVandbefriendotherinmates．Theyliveaprettydecent1ifeinprisonandtheydon’tdeserveit．OutofthefiftystatesintheUnitedStates37haveandusecapitalpunishment．Outofthesamefiftystatesonly18have1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparole．Intheother32statesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedcanbereleasedafteras1ittleas20yearsinprison．(7)Therearecertainstandardsthatarefollowedingivingoutcapitalpunishment．Thedefendantcannotbeinsane,andtherealorcriminalintentmustb