论贸易条件与马勒条件_反倾销之间的矛盾

Vol.25No.7July.2009、。F741A1002-0594200907-0081-062009-03-13、WTO51000607JC790020《、》1960-WTO。。。、、。①。。Imlah1950Schlote1938192030。19892020。20021993~200013%。2004301985~2002。UNCTAD,2002,1993~200210%。1949“”1958“”。。、。。NBTT=Px/Pm10011PxPm。NBTTNBTT。2006。。81257200977INTERNATIONALECONOMICSANDTRADERESEARCH。“”。20061998、、、。2004。。。。。。2003“”。“”。“”“”。FDI“”“”。。“”“”。。“”。。。———、。19(IncomeTermsofTrade,ITT)。。ITT=NBTTQx22Qx。。②。。。。、20051980~2001。、20051994~2002、。。。、－82Vol.25No.7July.2009。。。“”“”“”。“”。、。。。“”。。“”Ex+Em133ExEm3。③1Ex+Em1dBdP0。。2Ex+Em1dBdP0。。Ex+Em=1Ex+Em=1。1Ex+Em1。。。2Ex+Em1。。。。。Ex+Em1“”“”。18。“、。”2006。18~19。1867~19351920。30《》。(2008)2020~30Em=0.242007Ex=－0.34。Ex+Em=0.58＜1。20081867~193583257200977INTERNATIONALECONOMICSANDTRADERESEARCH10.18。、。。10.27。。、。。、。。1904、、、、。GATT。1921~1957、、、30。1958GATT3222KemptonHolmesandStevenson1998。1958~1979900Blonigenandprusa20014135%。1980~198511461914.661986~19941855206。④1995~20052840258.2。199518200541。1995~2005284098。469。、、、、、、、。、。。。。。、。。。。。。。。。。。、。、。、84Vol.25No.7July.2009、。。、。、。、、。。、、。。[e-mail]①《》。《》。19932000199513％。、。。。。②(SingleFactoralTermsofTrade,SFTT)(DoubleFactoralTermsofTrade,DFTT)。。SFTTSFTT=NBTTOxOx。。DFTT=PxPm·OxOmOm。。③。。④20064《》《》、20068《》“”[J].2。.2007.[M].。.2003.[J](12)。·..[J].1。.2005.1994~2002[J].(11)。.2008.1913～1926GDP[J].3。.1989.[M]..。.2004.[J].(6)。.2006.[M].。.2008.[J].3.2005.[J].(4).2004.[M]..1998.[J].2.2002.[J].7BlonigenBAandprusaTJ.2001.Antidumping.NBERWorkingPaperSeries。Imlah.A.H.1950.TermsoftradeofUnitedKingdom,1798～1913[J]JournalofEconomicHistory,Vol,10,No.2J.N.Bhagwati.1958.ImmiserizingGrowth[J].reviewofEconomicStudiesNo.3.KemptonJ,HolmesPandStevensonC.1998.GlobalisationofAntidumpingandtheEU.SEIworkingpaper,No..32.Schlot.W.1938.BritishOverseasTradefrom1700to1930s[J].Oxford,BaselBlackwell.UNCTAD.2002.TradeandDevelopmentReport[R].NewYorkUNCTAD.85257200977INTERNATIONALECONOMICSANDTRADERESEARCH.1999.[M]..1999.[M].、.2005.“”[J].(12):66-67.BruceEClubb.1991.UnitedStatesForeignTradeLaw[M].London:Little,BrownandCompany:25-37.E.E.Schattschneider.1933.PoliticsPressuresandtheTariff:AStudyofFreePrivateEnterpriseinPressurePolitics,showninthe1929-1930RevisionoftheTariff[M].NewYork:Prentice-Hall:283.Gladstone.1887.KinBeyondSea.NorthAmericanReview(185):127-185.HerbertG.Grubel.1981.InternationalEconomics[M].Homewood,IllinoisU.S.:RichardD.Irwin:174.John.M.Dobson.1976.TwoCenturiesofTariffs:TheBackgroundoftheUnitedStatesInternationalTradeCommission[M].WashingtonD.C.:UnitedStateTradeCommissionPublished:257.John.H.JacksonandWilliamJ.Davey.1996.LegalProblemsofInternationalEconomicRelationsCases:MaterialsandTextontheNationalandInternationalRegulationofTransnationalEconomic[M].London:CambridgePress:77-78.John.H.Jackson.1997.TheWorldTradingSystem:LawandPolicyofInternationalEconomicRelations[M].M.A,U.S.:TheMITPress:90.74TheU.S.CongressandtheFormulationandExecutionoftheU.S.TradeLawWANGYu-ting(WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072,China)Abstract:TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesofAmericagrantsasetofrightsandresponsibilitiestoeachseparatebranchofgovernment,includingtheU.S.Congress,theU.S.President,andtheU.S.SupremeCourt.TheU.S.ConstitutioninducesthattheformationandexecutionoftheU.S.tradelawisalsoacomplexprocessofinteractionbetweentheCongressandthePresident.AlthoughtheU.S.ConstitutiongrantspowertotheCongresstoregulatecommercewithforeignnations,ithastodelegatepowerandauthoritytothePresidentandtheAdministrativeDepartmenttodealwiththetradeaffairs,becausethepower-decentralizationandoperation-complexityoftheCongressmakeithardtocopewithinconstantoccurrences.KeywordstheU.S.Congress;legislativeauthorityoftradelaw;theU.S.TradeLaw;tradepolicyDiscussionontheContradictionsbetweenTermsofTrade,Marshall-LernerConditionandAnti-dumpingLIUWei,CHENJian-jun(GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies,Guangzhou510006,China)Abstract:ThispaperanalyzesthecontradictionsbetweentermsoftradeproposedbyMill,Marshall-Lernerconditionandtheanti-dumpingpracticefromlogicandempiricalaspects.Itconcludesthatasanindexoftheperformanceofinternationaltradeactivitiesandpolicies,termsoftradeonlymakesenseintheeraofsupplyconstraint-basedeconomy.Butintheeraofdemandconstraint-basedeconomy,termsoftradelosetheirexplanatorypoweratthemacrolevel,andarenolongerappropriatetomeasuretheeconomicactivitiesandpolicies.Keywordstermsoftrade;Marshall-Lernercondition;anti-dumping;demandconstraint;supplyconstraint86