句子成分及五种基本句型-公开课-经典版

ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语Membersofasentence•主语subject•谓语predicate•宾语object•表语predicative•宾补complement•定语attribute•状语adverbial•同位语appositive句子的主干成分：句子的次要成分：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”1.主语GinaisfromAustralia.Sheoftengoestothemovies.Threeisenough.Doingtheworkishardforhim.Toseeistobelieve.-名词-代词-数词-动名词-不定式主语在哪里Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Whathehassaidistrue.Seeingisbelieving.句首1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.3.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.4.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.5.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.挑出下列句中的主语表示主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”,谓语通常是动词。主谓要一致2.谓语WeloveChina.Hehasabadcold.JanelovesChina.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.谓语在哪里TheycanspeakEnglishwell.Helookedaftertwoboys.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.主语的后面A.简单谓语：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.B.复合谓语①由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。②由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语，要和表语一起作谓语。1.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.2.Hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.Wearestudents.Yourideasoundsgreat.情态动词：canmaywillcouldshould…助动词：be+doinghave/hasdonedo,does,did,don't,didn't由一个动词或动词短语构成。1.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.2.Mysisteriscryingoverthere.3.Ihavebeenwaitingforyouallthetime.4.Iwouldstayathomeallday.5.Hashecomeback?6.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime挑出下列句中谓语表示动作或行为的对象说明主语“做什么”3.宾语CanIasksomequestions?Heislookingatthedog.Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.ABCD宾语在哪里Iboughtacomputerlastweek.ABCD宾语TomteachesusEnglish.双宾语Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomewrk.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.说明主语“是什么”,“怎么样”位于系动词之后4.表语Hermotherisateacher.Thefoodtastesdelicious.常见的系动词有:状态系动词感官系动词变化系动词持续系动词表示主语状态、身份等，主要有be主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,look等表示主语变化，become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come等。表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay等找出表语Everythinglooksnice.Hisfaceturnedred.Heishappy.修饰名词或代词,定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用5.定语She’sagoodbasketballplayer.What’syourname?Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.找出定语Somepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.ABCDThemandownstairswastryingtosleep.ABCD挑出下列句中的定语1.Whatisyourgivenname?2.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.3.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等。6.状语ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachines.Hesattherequietly.②Thismaterialisenvironmentallyfriendly.③Herunsveryslowly.④Unfortunately,helostallofhismoney.（修饰形容词用副词，作状语）（修饰副词slowly,因此very是副词，作状语）（修饰整个句子用副词，作状语）①Hewritescarefully.Hewalksslowly.修饰动词用副词，作状语)找出状语Hebeganwritingwhenhewaseleven.ABCDTherewasabigsmileonherface.ABCD指出下列画线部分属于什么状语1.Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?2.Mr.Smithlivesonthethirdfloor.3.Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.4.Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.时间状语地点状语原因状语方式状语5.Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.6.Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.7.Tomakehisdreamcometrue,Tombecomesveryinterestedinbusiness.8.Theboyneedsapenverymuch.伴随状语目的状语目的状语程度状语9.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.10.Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.11.Iamtallerthanheis.结果状语让步状语比较状语用来补充说明宾语的情况7.宾语补足语Weelectedhimourmonitor.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.ABCDTheycallmeLilysometimes.ABCD找出宾补挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.同位语是在名词或代词之后的并列名词或代词，对前者加以解释和说明，近乎于后置定语。8.同位语Westudentsshouldstudyhard.(students是we的同位语，都是指同一批“学生”）It’sgoodtousstudents.画出下列句中的同位语1.Theyoungman,mybrother,worksintheoffice.2.OurEnglishteacher,Mrs.Wang,oftenhelpsuswithstudy.3.They,somerailwayworkers,arebusyrepairingthetrain.1.Theyworkhard.主+谓(状）2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+间宾+直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主+谓（状）7.Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.主+谓+宾+宾补8.Afterworkhealwaysfeelsalittletired.（状）主+（状）系+（定）表9.Theylaughedatusafterthematch.主+谓＋宾（状）10.Shetoldmeastory.主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.9.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.10.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?Helikeseggs.Hedoesn’tlikechickens.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.Hesaidthathelikeseggs.简单句并列句复合句并列连词从属连词简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)WhatkindsofEnglishsentencesdoyouknow?2.句子的分类分类说明例句简单句由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列连词（and,so,but,or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.3.简单句基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一:Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）基本句型二:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｐ（主＋系＋表）基本句型三:Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ