您好,欢迎访问三七文档
谓语动词用单数的情况1.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语,谓语用单数。Buyingclothesisoftenatime-consumingjob.Tounderstandthesituationcompletelyrequiresmorethoughtthanhasbeengiventhusfar.2.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时,谓语用单数。Twoweeksistoolong.3.一般用and连接的两个单词或短语做主语时候,谓语用复数,但是下面用and连接的主语表示一个概念,谓语用单数:lawandorder法制soapandwater肥皂水acupandsaucer茶杯碟子forkandknife刀叉theneedleandthread针线trialanderror反复尝试,不断摸索horseandcarriage马车timeandtide岁月breadandbutter奶油面包theebbandflow盛衰,潮涨潮落如:4.表示学科和某些疾病名称的名词是复数形式,作主语时候谓语动词用单数形式Linguisticsisabranchofstudyonhumanlanguage.5.用and连接的成份表示一个单一概念时候,动词谓语用单数形式Breadandbutterisourdailyfood二.谓语用复数情况1.由and,both…and,连接的并列主语,和both,afew,many,several等修饰语后面谓语动词通常用复数形式。FewpeopleknowheandIwereclassmateswhenwewereatcollege.2.集体名词police,public,militia,cattle,class,youth后常用复数形式的动词TheChinesepeoplearebraveandhardworking3.当表示民族的词与冠词合用当主语,谓语动词用复数形式TheJapanesewereonceveryaggressive4.某些形容词前面加定冠词表示一类人,做主语时候,谓语动词用复数Thericharenotalwaysselfish5.不可数名词作主语,其前有表示数量的复数名词修饰时,谓语动词用复数Threemilliontonsofcoalwereexportedthatyear三.谓语动词可用单数,也可以用复数的情况1.就近一致原则这种情况下,谓语动词使用单数还是复数取决于最靠近该动词的主语的单复数,存在这种情况的主要由以下几种可能:1)由连词either…or…;neither…nor…;whether…or…;notonly…but(also)or等连接的并列主语Neithermoneynorfamehasinfluenceonme.Notonlyyoubutalsoheiswrong2.主语带有(together/along)with,suchas,accompaniedby,aswellas,nolessthan,except,besides,with,combinedwith,inadditionto,including,togetherwith等等附加成分,谓语的数不受附加成分的影响仍然与主语保持一致。ProfessorTaylor,withsixofhisstudents,isattendingaconference.3.关系代词做主语的定语从句中,谓语的数要与先行词一致。如:Despitemuchresearch,therearestillcertainelementsinthelifecycleoftheinsectthatarenotfullyunderstood.(1996年考研题)Therearemanyvaluableserviceswhichthepublicarewillingtopayfor,butwhichdonotbringareturninmoneytothecommunity.(1990年考研题)4.一些表示数量的短语与名词连用时候,谓语动词的数取决于名词的数,名词是复数,谓语动词用复数,反之就用单数。这些短语包括:alotof/lotsof;plentyof/heapsof;halfof;two-third(three-fourth…)of;eighty(ten,twenty…)percent;partof;restofnoneof等等。例如Lotsofdamagewascausedbythefire5.集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语表示的意思和数,当表示整体时候,谓语动词就用单数,当强调集体中的个体时候,谓语动词就用复数。这些集体名词如:army,audience,band,government,group,flock,police,public,staff,team,troop.Crowd,firm,family等等ThefamilywerewatchingtheTV.Theaudiencewasenormous.Theaudienceweregreatlymovedatthewords6.某些固定结构中主语与谓语的数:第一组:agreatmany+可数名词复数谓语用复数anumberof+可数名词复数谓语用复数themajorityof+可数名词复数谓语用复数第二组;thenumberof+可数名词复数谓语用单数each/every+可数名词复数谓语用单数neither/eitherof+可数名词复数谓语用单数oneandahalf+可数名词复数谓语用单数第三组;morethanone+可数名词单数谓语用单数manya+可数名词单数谓语用单数第四组;thegreaterpartof,alargeproportionof,50%of,onethirdof,plentyof,therestof谓语的数与of后面的名词一致第五组;(n)either…(n)or….notonly…..butalso……not…..but……谓语的数与主语的第二部分(即(n)or/butalso/but引导的后面部分)一致.注意比较:Morestudentsthanonehavebeenreferredto.Morethanonestudentisgoingtobuythisbook
本文标题:主谓一致
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-1742285 .html