宾语从句讲解及练习(附答案)张梦杰

陈述句转化thatif/whether,一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)（了解）MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)2.连接词(1).that,口语中常常省略。e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,Iwonderif/whetheryouhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.whether和if但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或not只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?c.if这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成引导词用特殊疑问词E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?特殊情况==当doyouthinkdoyouthink，用陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.选用相应的时态。Doyouknowif/whetherhehasseenthefilm?2b.Ididn'tknowif/whetherhehadseenthefilm.从句仍然要用一般现在时Hesaidthattheearthmovesroundthesun.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.“MayIuseyourknifeHeaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“DoyouknowhertelephonenumberHeaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon?tknow.→Idon?tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.DoyouknowWheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?步骤：1、根据原句确定连接词（that、if、whether、特殊疑问词）2、调整语序（陈述句）3、根据主句确定时态4、人称变化和标点的使用二、宾语从句的转化（了解）简化宾语从句常用六法。1.2.当主句谓语动词是hopewishdecideforgetplanagree从句Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.3.当主句的谓语动词是asktell,show,teach等后面带双宾语,或者在连代词/为“连接代词/Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?4.当主句谓语动词是findseewatchhear补”to的不定式或V-ingShefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题习题(一)（时态）1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled习题(二)（连接词）1Canyoutellme___youwereborn,BettyA.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who4Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe5.Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayeveningA.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose习题(三)（语序）1.Theydon'tknow--------theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich2.Pleasetellme______whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit4.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5Didyouknow____A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter6Couldyoutellme___A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing习题(四)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.(北京市东城区)A.thatB.howC.WhatD.if2.—Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.(杭州市)A.whyB.whenC.howD.where3.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.(鄂州市)A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where4.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.(重庆市)A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5.—Doyouknow_____I'mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon'tknow.(北京市海淀区)A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived6.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.(南京市)A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy7.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.(重庆市)A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas8.—WhereisJack—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____.(南昌市)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there参考答案：答案:1-5ADCBC答案:1-7CBBAAAC答案:1-6BDBAAC答案:1—4DAAD5—8CACCAnswers一、选择题（2×15=30分）1.B2.D3.A4.C5.6.C7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.D13.B14.B15.A二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。（1×20=20分）(请注意时态和语态两个方面噢)1.willbebuilt2.isbeingdiscussed3.isspoken4.hasn’tbeenfound5.werecut6.aretold7.mustbesent8.aresold9.aremade,aremade10.betaken11.iscleaned12.beseen13.havebeenwatered14.sells15.hasbeen16.smells17isdancing三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。（1×30=30分）1.Do,grow2.isgiventome3.soonis4.willbesung5.needn’tbedone6.isusedfor7.wasmadetodo8.isbeingwatched9.wasbuilt10.havebeensold11.iscalled四、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。(1×10=10分)①wasboughtforme②IsmadeinChina③coveredwith五、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。（10分）①bedone改为do②listened改为listenedto③remembered改为wasremembered④issounded改为sounds⑤Bywho改为Bywhom被动语态专项练习（一）一、选择题()1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build()2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton（棉花）____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalr