土木工程专业英语常用词汇

PartIV：CommonlyUsedProfessionalTermsofCivilEngineeringdevelopmentorganization建设单位designorganization设计单位constructionorganization施工单位reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土pile桩steelstructure钢结构aluminiumalloy铝合金masonry砌体（工程）reinforced~配筋砌体load-bearing~承重砌体unreinforced~非配筋砌体permissiblestress(allowablestress)容许应力plywood胶合板retainingwall挡土墙finish装修finishingmaterial装修材料ventilation通风natural~自然通风mechanical~机械通风diaphragmwall(continuousconcretewall)地下连续墙villa别墅momentofinertia惯性矩torque扭矩stress应力normal~法向应力shear~剪应力strain应变agehardening时效硬化air-conditioningsystem空调系统(air)voidration（土）空隙比albery壁厨，壁龛almery壁厨，贮藏室anchoragelength锚固长度antiseismicjoint防震缝architecturalappearance建筑外观architecturalarea建筑面积architecturaldesign建筑设计fiashing泛水workability(placeability)和易性safetyglass安全玻璃temperedglass(reinforcedglass)钢化玻璃foamedglass泡沫玻璃asphalt沥青felt(malthoid)油毡rivetedconnection铆接welding焊接screwedconnection螺栓连接oakum麻刀，麻丝tee三通管tap存水弯esthetics美学formwork模板（工程）shoring支撑batching配料slipformconstruction(slipforming)滑模施工lfit-slabconstruction升板法施工massconcrete大体积混凝土terrazzo水磨石constructionjoint施工缝honeycomb蜂窝，空洞，麻面piledfoundation桩基deepfoundation深基础shallowfoundation浅基础foundationdepth基础埋深padfoundation独立基础stripfoundation条形基础raftfoundation筏基boxfoundation箱形基础BSMT=basement地下室lift电梯electricelevatorliftwell电梯井escalator自动扶梯Poisson’sratio泊松比μYoung’smodulus,modulusofelasticity杨氏模量，弹性模量Esafetycoefficient安全系数fatiguefailure疲劳破坏bearingcapacityoffoundations地基承载力bearingcapacityofapile单桩承载力two-way-reinforcement双向配筋reinforcedconcretetwo-wayslabs钢筋混凝土双向板singlewayslab单向板windowblind窗帘sunblindwindload风荷载curing养护watertightconcrete防水混凝土whitecement白水泥separatingofconcrete混凝土离折segregationofconcretemortar砂浆~joint灰缝pilaster壁柱firerating耐火等级firebrick耐火砖standardbrick标准砖terracotta琉璃瓦mosaic马赛克ceramicmosaic陶瓷锦砖，马赛克，ceramicmosaictileceramictile瓷砖rubblewall毛石墙marble大理石,大理岩granite花岗石,花岗岩ready-mixedconcrete商品混凝土，预拌混凝土realestate房地产reinforcementbar钢筋veinforcementmeal,reinforcingbar,reinforcingsteelreinforcementcover混凝土保护层reinforcementmat钢筋网,reinforcingmeshreinforcingratio配筋率reinforcementpercentagereinforcingwork钢筋工程residentialbuilding居住建筑rigidfoundation刚性基础roof屋顶，屋盖，屋面;roofboard屋面板;roofgarden屋顶花园roofliveload屋面活荷载rusticterrazzo粗面水磨石，水刷石sandcushion砂垫层saw-toothskylight锯齿形天窗scaffold脚手架sill窗台siltysoil粉质土singledoor单扇门doubledoor双扇门singlereinforcemen单筋tslidingdoor推拉门slidingwindow水平推拉窗staircase楼梯间stairrail(ing)楼梯栏杆，楼梯扶手stairstep楼梯踏步stairstring(er)楼梯梁stairclearance楼梯净空高度stairheadroomsteelforms钢模板storeroom贮藏室structuraldrawings结构图softsubstratum软弱下卧层sunlouver遮阳板supportingblock支座supportinglayer持力层tensilereinforcement受拉钢筋tensilesteel,tensionreinforcementterraceroof平屋顶thermalinsulation隔热throughventilation穿堂风timberstructure木结构woodstructuretoilet盥洗间，浴室，厕所，便池tracingpaper描图纸lawn草坪treatmentofelevation立面处理drawingboard绘图板triaxialcompressiontest三轴压缩试验tubularsteelscaffolding钢管脚手架uniformlydistributedload均布荷载unnotchedbar光面钢;threadbar螺纹钢筋urinal小便池，小便斗，小便槽valley天沟ventilatingskylight通风天窗waterproofbarrier防水层aquatardTerzaghibearingcapacitytheory太沙基承载力理论Terzaghiconsolidationtheory太沙基固结理论foundationtreatment地基处理foundationpressure基底压力span跨度specificgravity比重quicklime生石灰,氧化钙hydratedlime熟石灰,消石灰hydration水化作用plasterofParis熟石膏portlandcement波特兰水泥,硅酸盐水泥,普通水泥portlandblastfurnaceslagcement矿渣水泥portlandfly-ashcement粉煤灰(硅酸盐)水泥portland-pozzolanacement火山灰质硅酸盐水泥gas-foamingadmixture发泡剂retardingadmixture缓凝剂water-reducingagent减水剂air-entrainedagent加气剂slump坍落度water-cementratio水灰比w/carchitecturallighting建筑采光,建筑照明architecturalperspective建筑透视图architecturalsection建筑剖面图architecturalspecifications建筑规范architecturalworkingdrawing建筑施工图architecturesketch建筑草图arcwelding电弧焊stressconcentration应力集中multistoriedbuilding多层建筑settlementoffoundation地基沉降tensilestrength抗拉强度compressivestrength抗压强度bendingstrength抗弯强度constructionmaterial建筑材料buildingmaterialcontinuousbeam连续梁towercrane塔式起重机,塔吊SPT=standardpenetrationtest标准贯入度试验wallbetweentwowindows窗间墙stability稳定性stress-straincurve应力-应变曲线stress-straindiagram应力-应变图damp-proofcoating防潮层osmosis渗透osmoticco-efficient渗透系数osmoticpressure渗透压力finiteelementmethod有限单无法finite-differencemethod有限差分法finiteslicemethod条分法deformation变形displacement位移allowablebearingcapacity容许承载力totalanddifferentialsettlement总沉降量和沉降差Mohr’scircleofstress摩尔应力圆snowlaod雪(荷)载bentreinforcementbar弯起钢筋bentsteel弯起钢筋bent-upbar弯起钢筋bid投标，标书bidcall招标bidopening开标biddingsheet标价单bidprice出价，投标价格bindingreinforcement绑扎钢筋blockingcourse檐口墙，女儿墙parapet(wall)bloodwood红木redwoodbricklintel砖砌过梁brickmasonrystructure砖石结构BRKT=bracket牛腿buildingheight建筑高度buildingindustrialization建筑工业化building-infitting预埋件buildinglaw建筑法buildingline建筑红线buildingmodule建筑模数buildingorientation建筑物朝向buildingpermitsforconstruction建筑施工执照buildingequipment建筑设备buildingphysics建筑物理buildingrubble建筑垃圾buildingstormsewer房屋雨水管built–incupboard壁厨cablestructure悬索结构cable-supportedconstruction悬索结构canopy雨篷cast-in-placeconcrete现浇混凝土cast-in-situconcrete现浇混凝土caterpillarcrane履带式起重机cavitybrick空心砖cavitywall空心墙ceiling顶棚，吊顶，天花板cementfloor水泥地面cementmortar水泥砂浆center-to-center中心距(中到中间距)chain-pullswitch拉线开关cromatics色彩学cityplanning城市规划civilarchitecture民用建筑civilbuilding民用建