Word-Choice-II

WordChoiceToday’sGoals•DiscussAdverbs/Adjectivesandcommonmistakeswitheach•DiscussPositive,Comparative,SuperlativeForms•DiscussArticles•TheAdverbGame/MadLibactivityAdverbs•Rememberthatadverbsmodifyanythingbutnouns(adjectivesmodifynouns)Verb:runquicklyAdjectives:oftenhappyAdverbs:tooquickly•Adverbstellwhere,when,orhowveryugly,mostunpleasant,neversleepy,comesoon•Adverbsgenerallyendin–lybutdon’talwaysneedtoWherestudentsgetconfused•Sinceadjectivesandadverbsbothmodify,itiseasytoconfusehowtousebothofthem•SomewordscanactasbothanadverbandadjectiveRememberthatadjectivesmodifynouns/pronounsandadverbsneverdo!ExampleWandawasalittlesleepy.(littleisanadverbmodifyingtheadjectivesleepy)Wandatookalittlenap.(littleisanadjectivemodifyingthenounnap)OneSimpleRulePlacetheadverbascloseaspossibletothewordbeingmodified(Youmaygivethesentenceadifferentmeaningthanwhatyouwant)Mystomachachewasonlytemporary.Onlymystomachachewastemporary.CommonMistake•StudentsoftenusenounsandadjectivesinthewrongwayExample:health(noun)healthy(adjective)Incorrect:Heexerciseseverydayandishealth.Correct:Heexerciseseverydayandishealthy.Otherexamples:NounAdjectiveHappinessHappyFashionFashionableMagicMagicalBoredomBoring(Bored)FunFunnyLoveLovelyRemember:NounPerson,place,thing(includingabstract)–oftenthesubjectofasentenceAdjectiveModifiesanounorpronounAdverbModifieseverythingbutanounFormsforAdjectives/Adverbs•AdjectivesandadverbsfollowthreeformswhenmakingcomparisonsPositiveComparativeSuperlativeAdjective:uglyuglierugliestAdverb:littlelessleastGenerallyallyouneedtodoisadd–eror–esttotheadjectiveoradverbDifferencesComparativeComparingonethingtoanother(add–er)Mydogisuglierthanyourdog.SuperlativeComparingmorethantwothings(add–est)Mydogistheugliestdogonearth.Exceptionwithcomparisons•Someadjectivesdonothavecomparative/superlativeforms–youeitherhavethequalityordon’tExamples:deadcompletecertainuniqueultimatefullfinalperfectPayattentionsoyoudon’tusetheminthewrongformPronouns•Studentsoftenusetheincorrectpronouns•Makesuretousethecorrectpronounsothereaderknowswhichnounyouarereferringto!•Eventhoughyoumayknowwhatnounthewriterisreferringto,itstillneedstobegrammaticallycorrect!Numbers•Ifthepronountakestheplaceofasingularnoun,useasingularpronounIfastudentparksacaroncampus,heorshehastobuyaparkingsticker.(NOT:Ifastudentparksacaroncampus,theyhavetobuyaparkingsticker.)Each,eachone,either,neither,everyone,everybody,anyone,anybody,nobody,somebody,someone,andnooneareconsideredsingular–useasingularpronounEverybodyoughttodohisorherbest.(NOT:theirbest)Neitherofthegirlsbroughtherumbrella.(NOT:theirumbrellas)PersonWhenwritinginfirstperson,don’tswitchthepronountosecondorthirdperson.Whenwritinginsecondperson,don’tswitchtofirstorthirdperson.Whenapersoncomestoclass,heorsheshouldhavehisorhercellphoneturnedoff.(NOT:Whenapersoncomestoclass,youshouldhaveyourcellphoneturnedoff.)Incompoundstructures,wheretherearetwopronounsoranounandapronoun,droptheothernounforamomenttoseewhichPronountouseIncorrect:HegavetheflowerstoJaneandI.(Youwouldnotsay,“HegavetheflowerstoI.”)Correct:HegavetheflowerstoJaneandme.Incorrect:TellthesecrettoBobandI.(Youwouldnotsay“TellthesecrettoI.”)Correct:TellthesecrettoBobandme.RelativePronounsDefiningrelativepronouns:which,that,whoIndefiniterelativepronouns:what,which,who,whatever,whom,whomeverDefiningrelativepronounswillstandforaspecificnouninasentence,andindefiniterelativepronounsareusedforanounNOTinasentenceRulesforRelativePronouns:•UsewhoifthepronounisthesubjectofaverbUsewhomifthepronounistheobjectMarywonderedwhowasringingherdoorbell.(whoisthesubjectofwasringing)Marywasnotsurewhomshecouldtrustwithhersecret.(whomistheobjectoftrust)Oneeasywaytodecidebetweenwhoandwhomisdecideifthepronounisdoinganaction.Ifitisthesubject,usewho.WandaaskedMarywhohadgivenherthegift.(whoisthesubjectofhadgiven)Maryvisitedherfriendwhoinvitedherfordinner.(whoisthesubjectofinvited)Who,WhomReferonlytopeopleThatCanrefertopeople,animals,andthingsWhichCannotrefertopeopleThatandWhichStudentsoftenmisusethatandwhichThatUsedindefiningclausesWhichUsedinnon-definingclausesExamplesDogsthathavethreelegscanlearntohop.Definingbecausewearespecificallytalkingaboutthree-leggeddogsDogs,whichcanbetrainedtodoanything,lovetoworkandtoplay.Non-definingbecauseitistalkingaboutalldogsGeneralRuleIfitisadefiningclauseandtherearenocommasinthesentence,usethat.Ifitisnon-definingandtherearecommasinthesentence,usewhich.Inyourjournals,re-writeeachsentenceandchoosethecorrectrelativepronountouse.1.)Theletter(that,which)cametodaywasnicerthantheone(that,which)cameyesterday.2.)Iwasnotsure(who,whom)hadwrittentheletter.3.)Coulditbesomeone(who,whom)Iaskedonadate?4.)Usuallymymail,(that,which)isdeliveredatnoon,isnothingbutbills.5.)Aletter(that,which)isfullofcomplimentsisajoytoreceive.Articles•Articlesintroducenouns–theyareusedlikeadjectivessodon’tforgetthem!The–definitearticle(aspecificnoun)A,An–indefinitearticle(anynoun)Iamgoingtostudyatthelibrary.Iamgoingtostudyatalibrary.•“A”goesbeforeanynounwithaconsonantacat,amovie,acup,abook•“An”goesbeforeanynou