中国盾构和掘进机隧道技术现状、存在的问题及发展思路-王梦恕

2014－02－101938—。、王梦恕(中铁隧道集团有限公司，河南洛阳471009)、、、TBMTBM。、123TBM4564。112m23TBMTBM4、56。、123TBM4。＞2km10mTBM+TBM+。TBMTBMDOI10．3973/j．issn．1672－741X．2014．03．001U45A1672－741X201403－0179－09TunnelingbyTBM/shieldinChinaState-of-artProblemsandProposalsWANGMengshuChinaＲailwayTunnelGroupCo．Ltd．Luoyang471009HenanChinaAbstractThestate-of-artoftunnelingbyTBM/shieldinChinaincludingunder-watertunnelingbyshieldMetrotun-nelingbyshieldandmountain-crossingtunnelingbyTBMisanalyzedbriefly．TheproblemsinthetunnelingbyTBM/shieldinChinaareanalyzedonbasisoftypicalcasehistories1Thediameteroftheshieldsforunderwaterhighwaytunnelsistoolarge2Thedurabilityofthesinglesegmentliningshellisinadequate3ShieldTBMhasmanylimita-tions4EPBshieldisnotapplicableforallcases5Theelevationoftherouteofsometunnelsisirrational6Someprojectssufferfromirrationalconstructionscheduleirrationalconstructioncostirrationalconstructioncontractandirra-tionalconstructionscheme．Ｒegardingtheafore-mentionedproblemsthefollowingproposalsaremade1Ingeneralcasesthediameteroftheshieldsforunder-waterhighwaytunnelsshouldnotbemorethan12m2Cast-in-situsec-ondaryliningshouldbeaddedtoformcompositeliningstructure3ShieldTBMshouldbecancelledwhileopenTBMshouldbepromoted4SlurryshieldEPBshieldandopenshieldshouldbeconsideredinshieldtypeselection5Thetunnelingrouteshouldnotbeplacedalongtheinterfacebetweendifferentstrata6Theconceptofscientificdevel-opmentmustbeheldinprojectconstruction．ThefollowingnewsolutionsareproposedfortunnelingbyTBM/shieldinChina1Opengridshieldsshouldbeapplied2Extrudedconcreteliningshouldbeapplied3Themethodof“TBMbore+enlargingbydrillandblast”shouldbeapplied4Shieldcanbelaunchedfromventilationshaftincon-gestedarea．Finallyitisstatedthat1LargediametershieldisnotthedevelopmenttrendInthecaseoflong-distanceboringlongerthan2kmdeepshieldtunnelingisthedevelopmenttrend2Shieldtunnelingmethodshouldbea-doptedforQiongzhoustraitcrossingtunnelthedeepshieldtunnelingproposalisbetterthantheshallowshieldtunnelingproposal3Theproposalof“10mmTBM+drillandblast”methodshouldbeadoptedforBohaistraitcrossingtun-nel4Deeptunnelingproposalconsistingof“TBMbore+enlargingbydrillandblast”shouldbeadoptedforTaiwanstraitcrossingtunnel．KeywordsTBM/shieldunder-watershield-boredtunnelshield-boredurbanMetrotunnelmountain-crossingtun-nelshieldTBMEPBshieldopenshieldextrudedconcreteliningshieldlaunchingfromventilationshaft“pilotbore+enlargingbydrillandblast”0、TBM200、。30、、、180%≤5m。、、。、、。。。、、。、、、、、、、、。。、TBM。、、、、、、、。1、TBM、、、。、TBM。1．1。50、、、。、TBM、、、、、、、。411m3．5～4．0km20615m3km4410．8m10．8km336．32m1km1。≤12m、。1210m1510mTBM+。1．2、TBM20139373101。。、、、、。、333———、。、、、、。、TBM、、、。6～7m+10～12m。1．3TBMTBM＞20km、、081隧道建设34。、、、。、、TBM+10m。22．13．64km20.512411．4m22．550km/h12008。、、、、、、。、、、。44、。。2m、9、。2．2。、、。3．02km14．95m680km/h。3．5/442010。1。1Fig．1Cross-sectionofYangtzerivercrossinghighwaytunnelinNanjing0.75MPa2．9km。2．3110．8m10．8km9．3km9．8m10．5m230cm。332011。“—”33300m26．6m0．67MPa。4“、、”2。2。2Fig．2GeologicalprofileofShiziyangtunnel2．42———。643．765km11.7m60km/h20．92010。、、、、。1813、。2．51．048km6．32m12005。2．6141410.22m。1“”“”40%234。3。。314Fig．3Cross-sectionofdouble-tracksingle-tubetunnelofLine14ofBeijingMetro2．785．32km“”2009。38mTBM。36m630m60m。120km。2．8222．449km22．467km。、18．8mTBM2014。2．928．236km2。10．2mTBM2013。2．1081．625km。39．13km28．02mTBM42．495km。2．11230km89mTBM+。。33．13．1．1615m12、3480m253～3．5/。6。3．1．2411．4m11.4m。11．4m、1．2/。12m。。3．230～40。4。0．5m。3．3TBM3．3．1TBM、TBM51L/D281隧道建设34＞12“”3TBM1．3415TBM、、、。TBM。TBM56。4Fig．4Cast-in-situsecondarylining5TBMFig．5DoubleshieldTBM3．3．2TBMTBM。TBM7。TBM41．3m574m。TBM1/≤1±30mm234TBM、、、、、。6TBMFig．6StructureofdoubleshieldTBM7Fig．7ShotcretingandrockboltingsupportTBMTBM。、TBM。3．433．4．113813、。2。3．4．21、、、。2、、。3、。4、、。5、、。、。。3．5。。。3．644。3．6．1。、。。3．6．2。。。。3．6．3。、、BT。3．6．4。、、、6。、、、。、、“、、”。、、、、。44．12。12、83。8Fig．8Seriously-worncutterhead。481隧道建设34。910。12、3。、3、CD、CD、3。9Fig．9Openshield4．2ECLExtrudedConcreteLining。12345。。20601∶511。7．34m180m。4．3TBMTBM122～3380%430%56。abCDcCＲD10Fig．10Griddivisionofopenshield11Fig．11Simulationtestofextrudedconcretelining9km2．5m×2.5m2～345813、4。4．412。。12Fig．12Shieldlaunchingfromventilationshaft123。。5。＞2km＜12m、、4、。6、、。21、、。。、。、、、。77．130km10m。550。。15、3、13。、129km、30t＞1100m、＞73m。。13、Fig．13BridgeprogramandtunnelprogramofcenterrouteandwestrouteofQiongzhouStraitCrossingProject681隧道建设347．2123km250km/h102500。、、、10mTBM+4。144。14Fig．14BohaiBaysea-crossingproject7．3200km、、315。3、200010。80～100mTBM+。153Fig．153optionsofTaiwanstraitcrossingsub-seatunnelＲeferences1．2400kmN/OL．2013－11－242014－01－24．http//news．xinhuanet．com．2．J．2012323107－111．HONGKairong．Casestudyonhardrocktreatmenttechnologyandshielddockingtech-nologyinboringofunderwatertunnelsJ．TunnelConstruc-tion2012323107－111．inChinese3．TBMJ．20062626－813．WANGMengshu．Typese-lectionofshieldTBMsandhardrockTBMsfordifferentgeo-logicalconditionsJ．TunnelConstruction20062626－813．inChinese4．J．201315－14．WANGMengshuSONGKezhi．UrgencyandcurrentconstructionconditionsandpreliminaryschemeofBohaiStraitcross-seachannelJ．JournalofBeijingJiaotongUni-versity201315－14．inChinese201435、、。“、、3。”。。。320km/h220km/h。http/