风景园林导论-2017

风景园林导论AnIntroductiontoLandscapeArchitecture金飚Tel：**********E-mail:*****园艺与植物保护学院扬州大学，2017■什么是风景园林？■国内、国外？■历史、现在、将来？我们需要了解：什么是风景园林？WhatisLandscapeArchitecture?国内：中国园林的起源与发展商周：囿（yòu）--帝王狩猎周文王建灵囿：“文王之囿，方七十里，刍荛者往焉，雉兔者往焉，与民同之。”----《孟子·梁惠王下》汉：苑明、清：皇家园林如“圆明园”、“避暑山庄”、“畅春园”等。私家园林、江南园林如“沧浪亭”、“个园”、“拙政园”、“寄畅园”、“何园”等等。明末园林艺术创作理论书籍《园冶》。“小中见大”、“壶中天地”等为创造手法。自然观、写意、诗情画意等主要造景手段。国外：WhatisLandscapeArchitecture?Landscapearchitectureisthedesignofoutdoorpublicareas,landmarks,andstructurestoachieveenvironmental,social-behavioural,oraestheticoutcomes.[2]Itinvolvesthesystematicinvestigationofexistingsocial,ecological,andsoilconditionsandprocessesinthelandscape,andthedesignofinterventionsthatwillproducethedesiredoutcome.Thescopeoftheprofessionincludeslandscapedesign;siteplanning;storm-watermanagement;environmentalrestoration;parksandrecreationplanning;visualresourcemanagement;greeninfrastructureplanningandprovision;andprivateestateandresidencelandscapemasterplanninganddesign;allatvaryingscalesofdesign,planningandmanagement.Apractitionerintheprofessionoflandscapearchitectureiscalledalandscapearchitect.•DefinitionLandscapearchitectureisamulti-disciplinaryfield,incorporatingaspectsofbotany,horticulture,thefinearts,architecture,industrialdesign,soilsciences,environmentalpsychology,geography,andecology.Theactivitiesofalandscapearchitectcanrangefromthecreationofpublicparksandparkwaystositeplanningforcampusesandcorporateofficeparks,fromthedesignofresidentialestatestothedesignofcivilinfrastructureandthemanagementoflargewildernessareasorreclamationofdegradedlandscapessuchasminesorlandfills.ThetermlandscapearchitectwasusedasaprofessionaltitlebyFrederickLawOlmstedintheUnitedStatesin1863[citationneeded]andAndrewJacksonDowning(1815–1852),[6]anotherearlyAmericanlandscapedesigner,waseditorofTheHorticulturistmagazine(1846–52).FrederickLawOlmsted,Jr.andBeatrixJones(laterFarrand)withothersfoundedtheAmericanSocietyofLandscapeArchitects(ASLA)in1899.IFLAwasfoundedatCambridge,England,in1948.Later,in1978,IFLA'sHeadquarterswereestablishedinVersailles.Boston'sEmeraldNecklaceCentralParkinNewYorkLandscapearchitectsanalyze,plan,design,manage,andnurturethebuiltandnaturalenvironments.Landscapearchitectshaveasignificantimpactoncommunitiesandqualityoflife.Theydesignparks,campuses,streetscapes,trails,plazas,andotherprojectsthathelpdefineacommunity.LandscapearchitectureservicesintheU.S.arevaluedat$2.3billionperyear,accordingtotheNationalEndowmentfortheArts.Thelatestdata,whichcoverupto2012,showlandscapearchitectureservicesaccountedfor14percentoftotalarchitecturalservices.Residentialdesignisthelargestmarketsector.Mostofthatworkconsistsofsingle-familyhomes,butalsoincludesmulti-familyandretirementcommunities.Some22,500employeesworkinthelandscapearchitecturefieldintheUnitedStates,accordingtoU.S.DepartmentofLaborin2014;thisisagrowthofabout10percentfrom2012,thepreviouscount.Approximately16,400landscapearchitectsarelicensedintheUnitedStates.Licensureisrequiredinall50statestobeidentifiedasa“landscapearchitect”andin47statestopracticelandscapearchitecture.WhatIsLandscapeArchitecture?FromASLA.TopLeft:ASLA2016ProfessionalAnalysisandPlanningHonorAward.TheBigU,NewYork,NY.BIGandStarrWhitehouseLandscapeArchitectsandPlanners.TopRight:ASLA2015ProfessionalGeneralDesignHonorAward.PerezArtMuseumMiami:ResiliencybyDesign,Miami,Florida.ArquitectonicaGEO/copyrightRobinHill.BottomLeft:ASLA2016ProfessionalCommunicationsHonorAward.SeaChange:Boston,Boston,MA.SasakiAssociates.BottomRight:LivingBreakwaters,StatenIsland,NY.SCAPELandscapeArchitecture.let'shavealookattwoLAResumes!MarinBraco,ASLAWilliamCrumpNow,WhatisLandscapeArchitecture?LandscapeArchitecture中文译名：１.“风景园林”２.“景观学”、“景观设计学”３.“景观建筑学”４.“地景学”５.“造园学”、“造景科”高校与专业……吴良镛两院院士，2011国家最高科学技术奖梁思成林徽因吴征镒中国科学院资深院士2007国家最高科学技术奖孟兆祯双一流学科清华大学2017年招生新增风景园林本科专业建筑类的建筑学、城乡规划、风景园林三个本科专业俞孔坚，美国艺术与科学院院士北京大学景观设计学研究院长1.博士研究生专业：·人文地理学（景观规划设计方向）（每年招收2—4名，学制3—4年）。详情请参观北京大学研究生院博士研究生招生简章相关内容中“城市与环境学院”（每年1-2个招生名额）和“深圳研究生院”（每年1个招生名额）。2.硕士研究生专业：·地理学（景观设计学）（每年招生30名，学制3年）·人文地理学硕士（景观规划设计方向）（学制3年）3.专业硕士：·风景园林硕士专业学位（MLA，景观设计）（每年招生30名，学制3年以上）目前在校硕士研究生总人数为277人，其中全日制风景园林硕士专业学位研究生29人，在职风景园林专业硕士研究生182人，地理学（景观设计学）硕士研究生66人。双一流学科刘滨谊景观学学科成玉宁2007年景观学本科（工学5年制）恢复招生。国家首批景观学一级学科博士点及一级学科博士后流动站。南京林业大学扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院园艺学（Horticulture）经济园艺学（CommercialHorticulture）：菜、果、茶、中药材(Chinesetraditionalmedicine)观赏园艺学（OrnamentalHorticulture）：花卉园艺学(Floriculture)、观赏树木学(Ornamentalwoodyplants)、造园学(LandscapeArchitecture景观设计、园林,LandscapeGardening)园林vs风景园林UniversityofSheffield（theDepartmentofLandscape）HarvardUniversity(MLA)HarvardGSDGraduateSchoolofDesign2013，GSD季弘斐JiHongfeiUniversityofGeorgiaUniversityofCalifornia,BerkeleyTheOhioStateUniversityCornellUniversityPennsylvaniaStateUniversityLousianaStateUniversityUniversityofGeorgiaUndergraduate风景园林专业本科人才培养方案（专业代码：082803）国内园林类上市公司截止2017年8月31日，园林行业上市企业总数达到149家，大部分在新三板挂牌。未来Future………..？？？TheRiseofArtificialIntelligence！他祈祷了2000年，等来的一天《人工智能》A.I.:ArtificialIntelligenceNow,AIiscoming!AI音箱AI客服AI医生自动驾驶汽车人脸识别百度、京东、淘宝、今日头条BATJ百度阿里腾讯