English-Tenses-Used-in-the-Introduction-of-Science

Reporters:WeiChao169217SongXianglei169020ChenLong169019EnglishTensesUsedintheIntroductionofScienceandTechnology2019/11/291ContentsIntheintroduction,,therearefourkindsofcommontenseisusually.132SimplePastTensePresentPerfectTense3SimplePresentTenseSimpleFutureTense42019/11/292Part1SimplePresentTenseSimplepresenttenseisthemostcommonlyusedintheintroductionofscientificpapers.Thefollowingsituationsusuallyusesimplepresenttense.Situations:Intheexpressionofone'scurrentlevelofknowledgeandtechnologylevelForexample:Microscopesaretheprimaryscientificinstrumentinmanybiologicallaboratories.Althoughtheirperformanceandeaseofusehaveimproveddramaticallyovertheir400-yearhistory,microscopessufferfromseverallimitations……….2019/11/293Forexample:Whilethefirstlimitationisintrinsictothephysicsoflight,theotherarisefromthecurrentdesignofmicroscopes.Theselimitscanberemoved-albeitatacostinspatialresolution-bycapturinglightfieldsinsteadofimages……..Situations:InreferencetothecurrentproblemsPart1SimplePresentTense2019/11/294Describethegeneraltruths,facts,andconclusionsSituations:Forexample:GeneticinformationisencodedinthesequenceofnucleotidesonDNA.Galileoassertedthattheearthrevolvesthesun.Ascientistobservescarefully.applieslogicalthoughttohisobservationsandtriestofindrelationshipsindata.Part1SimplePresentTense2019/11/295Part2SimplePastTenseForexample:Whentheauthorrefertosomeone’saspecificresearch,whichhavebeendoneinthepasttime,usingthepasttense.TheproblemofrecordingthelightfieldinamicroscopewasfirstaddressedbyGaborusingtheinterferenceoftwocoherentlightbeams[1948].Subsequentdevelopmentofthelasermadehistechniquepractical,leadingtoholographyandholographicmicroscopy[Ellis1966]………….Situations:SimplePastTense：usedtodescribeone’sownmethodsandresults.2019/11/296Research,design,andexperimentalworkhavebeendoneForexample:Wehypothesizedthatadultswouldremembermoreitemsthanchildren.Weextractedtanninsfromtheleavesbybringingthemtoaboilin50%methanol.Situations:Part2SimplePastTense2019/11/297Forexample:Situations:DescribesomeoftheresearchresultswhichhavebecomeobsoleteorineffectiveNineteenth-centuryphysiciansheldthatwomengotmigrainesbecausetheyweretheweakersex,butcurrentresearchshowsthatthecausesofmigraineareunrelatedtogender.Part2SimplePastTense2019/11/298Forexample:Part3PresentPerfectTenseInsummarizingaresearchfieldhavedonesomeresearch,usepresentperfecttense.Researchershavealsoproposedcapturingsequencesofimagesinwhichthedirectionofillumination[Chamgoulov2004]ordirectionofview[Kawata1987]isrestrictedineachimage,butthesemethodsareslow…….Researchershaveproposedusingarraysofthemforcomputervision[Adelson1992],3Dvideo[Javidi2002],andphotography[Ngetal.2005].Inmicroscopy,lensarrayshavebeenusedtobuildasingle-viewpointarraymicroscopewithanultra-widefieldofview[Weinstein2004]……….Situations:2019/11/299Forexample:Situations:DescriberecenttrendsinspecificresearchareasFewstudieshavebeendoneonXLittleattentionhasbeendevotedtoXPart3PresentPerfectTense2019/11/2910Electronicproductswillbecomemoreandmoreminiaturizedbecauseoftheincreaseofinter.Part4SimpleFutureTenseMakeaguess,orputforwardthenextresearchdirectionForexample:2019/11/2911•Inthebeginningofintroduction,Thepredicateverbofthesentenceisinthepresenttense,orthepresentperfecttense.Thisisbecausetheseverbsdescribethestatusquoofaresearchfield,notthepast.•Themiddlepartusesthepasttense,becausethispartusuallydescribestheworkdonebypredecessors.Conclusion2019/11/2912•Intheendofintroduction,thepresenttenseandthepresenttenseareused,becausethispartsummarizestheachievementsofpredecessors,andpointsouttheproblemsthathavenotbeensolvedyet.•Inaddition,thesimplefuturetenseisappliedattheend,describingtheresearchworkdonebytheauthorinthefollowing.Conclusion2019/11/2913Thanksforlistening