给排水专业英语考试试题—下学期(A)

1/10学院系班级学号姓名---------------------------------------装---------------------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-----------------------------------------------环境科学与工程学院给排水2006级专业英语考试试卷（A）(2008—2009学年第一学期)一、将下列单词与词组翻译为英文（10分）1.给水排水2.室内给水排水工程3.折点加氯4.二氧化氯5.沉淀池6.水力坡度7.蒸馏8.微生物9.塑料管道10.培养基二、单项选择与翻译（30分）（下列10题中,每题只有1项是最佳地,将其在右侧括号内填上；然后,将每题地英文翻译为中文）1.Waterisapreciousnaturalresourceandonethatshouldbe,butrecyclingisnotjustanenvironmentalissue.A.conservedB.storedC.settledD.provided翻译：2.Evaporationpermitswatertotheatmosphere,condenseascloudsandeventuallybringrain.A.congregateB.containC.enterD.eliminate翻译：第1页2/103.Withthedevelopmentofthescienceandbacteriology,peopletoknowthecausesofmanywater-borneepdemics.A.measuredB.outstripedC.commencedD.assumed翻译：4.Theproblemofprovidingasafewatersupplyhasbecomemoreandmoreacuteinrecentyearsbecauseofthevastamountofwastebyindustrialprocesses.A.createdB.promotedC.dissolvedD.mixed翻译：5.Thewatercontainingsuspendedmatterisgenerallyinasettletankwithorwithoutcoagulationandthenisfiltered.A.detractedB.depositedC.coalescedD.clarified翻译：6.Waterengineersmuststudythelocalinformationandchooseafigurethemostadvancedcommunitythere.A.checkedoutB.madeupC.basedonD.obtainedfrom翻译：7.Youwillfindtheplanmostofyoursuggestions.A.alteringB.combatingC.includingD.existing翻译：8.Thosetypesoffishthatdosurvivefindthatfoodisplentifulandtheyoften.A.proliferateB.representC.synthesizeD.attack翻译：第2页3/109.Inresponsetotheofgravitygroundwatermovesfromareasofhighwatertabletoareasoflowwatertable.A.horizonB.attractionC.transmitD.velocity翻译：10.Attheconditionofequilibrium,thevelocityandliquiddepthconstantandtheflowbecomesuniformopenchannelflow.A.retardsB.exposesC.substainsD.remains翻译：三、将下面地短文翻译为中文（60分）TheHydrologicCycleInnature,waterisconstantlychangingfromonestatetoanother.Theheatofthesunevaporateswaterfromlandandwatersurfaces.Thiswatervapor(agas),beinglighterthanair,risesuntilitreachesthecoldupperairwhereitcondensesintoclouds.Cloudsdriftaroundaccordingtothedirectionofthewinduntiltheystrikeacolderatmosphere.Atthispointthewaterfurthercondensesandfallstotheearthasrain,orsnow,thuscompletingthehydrologiccycle.Thecompletehydrologiccycle,however,ismuchmorecomplex.Theatmospheregainswatervaporbyevaporationnotonlyfromtheoceansbutalsofromlakes,rivers,andotherwaterbodies,andfrommoistgroundsurfaces.Watervaporalsoisgainedbysublimation（n.蒸发,发散）fromsnowfieldsandbytranspiration（n.升华,纯化）fromvegetationandtrees.Waterprecipitationmayfollowvariousroutes.Muchoftheprecipitationfromtheatmospherefallsdirectlyontheoceans.Ofthewaterthatdoesfalloverlandareas,someiscaughtbyvegetationorevaporatesbeforereachingtheground,someislockedupinsnowfieldsorice-fieldsforperiodsrangingfromaseasontomany第3页---------------------------------------装---------------------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-----------------------------------------------4/10thousandsofyears,andsomeisretardedbystorageinreservoirs,intheground,inchemicalcompounds,andinvegetationandanimallife.Becausewaterisabsolutelynecessaryforsustaininglifeandisofgreatimportanceinindustry,menhavetriedinmanywaystocontrolthehydrologiccycletotheirownadvantage.Anobviousexampleisthestorageofwaterbehinddamsinreservoirs,inclimateswherethereareexcessesanddeficits（n.有缺陷地人（或物））ofprecipitation(withrespecttowaterneeds)atdifferenttimesintheyear.Anothermethodistheattempttoincreaseordecreasenaturalprecipitationbyinjectingparticlesofdryiceorsilveriodide（n.【化】碘化物）intoclouds.Thiskindofweathermodificationhashadlimitedsuccessthusfar.Butmanymeteorologistsbelievethatasignificantcontrolofprecipitationcanbeachievedinthefuture.Otherattemptstoinfluencethehydrologiccycleincludethecontourplowingofslopingfarmlands（沿等高线耕作梯田）toslowdownrunoffandpermitmorewatertopercolateintotheground,theconstructionofdikes（n.沟,坝,【地质】岩墙）topreventfloodsandsoon.Thereuseofwaterbeforeitreturnstotheseaisanothercommonpractice.Variouswatersupplysystemsthatobtaintheirwaterfromriversmayrecycleitseveraltimes(withpurification)beforeitfinallyreachestheriversmouth.Menalsoattempttopredicttheeffectofeventsinthecourseofthehydrologiccycle.Thus,themeteorologistforecaststheamountandintensityofprecipitationinawatershed（n.分水岭,[美]流域,转折点）,andthehydrologistforecaststhevolumeofrunoff.第4页5/10第5页---------------------------------------装---------------------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-----------------------------------------------6/10第6页7/10第7页---------------------------------------装---------------------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-----------------------------------------------8/10第8页9/10第9页---------------------------------------装---------------------------------------订-------------------------------------------线-----------------------------------------------10/10第10页