您好,欢迎访问三七文档
当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 经营企划 > 高中完形填空解题技巧
高考英语完形填空趋势•从近几年全国高考的完形填空来看,已经不再考核学生语法方面的知识了,而是从语义搭配、结构搭配、惯用搭配及逻辑知识等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运用。而且有些词的选择,必须在理解整篇文章的基础上,才能作出正确的判断。高考英语完形填空命题特点1.短文长度200词左右,生词少,难度适中。2.首句无空格,提供语境。5-10词设一人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。隔词数越少,题目越难;反之亦然。3.选项多为一词,偶会为词组。四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴,或近义或形异义,或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。高考英语完形填空命题特点4.考查单词以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)为主,虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词一般占80%-90%,其中又以动、名、形为主。5.以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正确选项;有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上,正确把握上下文的逻辑关系,才能正确判断和选择。完形填空题选项分布试卷动词形容词副词名词代词介词连词087414130095464001108244002118533001128424101一完形填空所考查的能力快速阅读skimming找中心句理顺文章判断,推理,分析词汇语法背景知识生活常识topicsentenceorganizationanalysis&conclusionvocabulary&grammarbackground&knowledge完形填空解题步骤通览------试填-----复核1通览----速度全文,把握大意快速阅读一下全文,通过通览全文、领会大意,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。2试填----紧扣文意,瞻前顾后先易后难,逐层深入。紧扣全文内容,联系上下文和语境,展开逻辑推理,注意从上下文中寻找线索,注意词汇的意义、搭配,惯用法,语法,常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。3复核----全面检查,确保语意连贯,用词准确试填后,要把全文再通读一遍,注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。解题技巧1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。(同义词或反义词)2.注意固定搭配3.注意同义词的辨义4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词5.根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项6.根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项7.利用语法知识选出正确选项解题技巧1充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有可能是同义词或反义词。1)Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood____.Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentomusicornewsovertheradio.AhearingBhealthCeyesightDtime2)Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery,very______.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerous根据转折连词but的提示,所选的词应与shallow相反,因此选A3)Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas___andatthesametimefeelinglonely.(NMET2000第26小题)AhelplessBlazyCanxiousDtiredD4)…andthenbothendedupfromthesamehighschool,justthreeweeksbefore_____,BillaskedMarkiftheycouldtalk.(2003北京春季卷第45小题)AgraduationBmovementCseparationDvacationA2注意固定搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。1)Thecity(Washington)wasnamed___GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.A.byB.forC.asD.after2)Itwas4o’clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.MrsClarkewas____teaatthetime.A.cookingB.makingC.burningD.serving3)Mark____downandhelpedtheboypickupthesearticles.(2003北京春50小题)A.fellB.satC.layD.knelt4)…Ed’sbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily,and_____proudofhimself.(NMET2003第42题)A.strangelyB.personallyC.reasonablyD.eagerly5)…,buttheyare_____damagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest,’’SaidJohnNorris,oneoftheprotesters.(NMET1999第30题)AdoingBraisingCputtingDproducing3注意同义词的辨义1)SoonIhearda___likethatofadoorburstin,andthenaclimboffeet.A.soundB.cryC.voiceD.shout2)Theboywas___①____thewaterandhiscanoewas_②___away.①AonBwithinCinDunder②ArunningBfloatingCflowingDpulling3).‘‘Givemeahand,’’heshouted__hegotneartheboat.A.whileB.tillC.forD.as四个选项都可以表示时间。while强调一段时间内进行的动作,常与进行时连用;till表示的是动作持续到某时或到某时才开始;for表示的是动作持续了一段时间;as连接的是一个与谓语动作几乎同时发生的动词。答案应选D,表示他一边向船靠近一边大声喊。4.根据动作的发出者确定所选的词1).Andvideocamerascanbeusedto___people’sactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch3).Japanisanislandcountryandits_①__goalloverthePacificlookingforfishto_②__.①A.fishingboatsB.lifeboatsC.planesD.trains②A.buyB.catchC.holdD.weigh只有fishingboats能够到太平洋捕鱼,因此第一个空答案A为。捕鱼用动词catch,第二个空答案为B。2).Whenthepaperswere____shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collectedB.completedC.markedD.answered5根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项有时,选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语,它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解,如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。常见的承接语有and,but,however,so,therefore,等。其中foronething…foranother…等连接词表示列举;First…andthen,First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程;anyhow,still,though,although…表示让步关系;therefore,so表结果;because,since,dueto,owingto…表原因,等等。1).Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry…___,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.YetD.Sometimes2).Atfirstnothinghappened,____suddenlyalargeratrushedoutofthe…A.andB.orC.soD.theneg.Nomancanchangetheweather.Nobodycancontroltheweather.Butifwe1correctlythesignsarounduswecan2whatthemorechangesintheweatherwillbe.Thiswayoftellingwhattheweatherwillbelikethefollowingdayortwoiscalledweatherforecasting.1.A.seeB.lookC.readD.watch2.A.tellB.speakC.talkD.pointeg.AstheywalkedMark38theboy’snamewasBill,thathe39computergames,baseballandhistory,thathewashavingalotof40withhisothersubjectsandthathehadjustbroken41withhisgirlfriend.(2003春,北京)38.A.discoveredB.realizedC.saidD.decided39.A.playedB.lovedC.triedD.made40.A.questionsB.ideasC.troubleD.doubt41.A.upB.outC.offD.away3).Mymainresponsibility(职责)wereclearingtablesandwashingdishes,____sometimesIhelpedcook.(2003北京第40题)A.orB.soC.butD.even6根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项1)Thespaceislefttolettherailexpand(膨胀)whenitgets___.A.wetB.coldC.hotD.dry2)…,you__①__theinternationaldateline.Byagreement,thisisthepointwhereanewday__②__.①A.seeB.crossC.areD.arestoppedby_②A.iscomingBisdiscoveredC.isinventedD.beginstheinternationaldateline是‘‘国际日期变更线’’,是人们所规定的,看不见,摸不着,但是可以越过。它是新的一天开始的地方。答案分别为B和D7利用语法知识选出正确选项1)WhenEdfirstphonedand___weplay,Ilaughedquietly,figuringonaneasyvictory.(NMET2003,37题)A.declaredB.mentionedC.persuadedD.suggested3).Asmyfather,____workedthreejobs,oncetoldme,…(2003北京54题)A.heB.thatC.whoD.whoever
本文标题:高中完形填空解题技巧
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-1867734 .html