炎帝陵

YandiMausoleum炎帝陵（易彩纯老师翻译）各位游客大家好!欢迎大家前来瞻仰炎帝陵.炎帝陵是举世闻名的始祖三陵之一,也是海内外炎黄子孙祭祖朝圣、旅游观光的胜地。炎帝神农氏是中华农耕文化的创始者，他为中华民族的始兴和繁衍作出了开创性的伟大贡献。WelcometoYandiMausoleum!YandiMausoleum,oneofthethreeearliestancestormausoleumsinthisworld,isafamoustouristattractionfavoredbyallChinesepeople.ShennongistheancestorofChinesefarmingculture,andhemadeapath-breakingcontributiontothedevelopmentandprosperityofChinesepeopleandculture.各位游客我们现在来到的始祭祀广场。一般祭祖都是在这里举行的。我们现在看到的是主体建筑神农大殿，神农大殿是仿清古建筑，重檐歇山顶，看上去和北京故宫的建筑特色非常相似。WherewearenowistheSacredSquare.Alltheactivitiesofsacrificingancestorswouldtakeplaceatthissquare.NowweareinfrontofShennongGrandHall.ItisbuiltfromthemodelofQingbuildingsandlookslikeImperialPalaceinBeijingverymuch.好了，我们现在看到的是炎帝神农氏的八大功绩图。神农氏的一大功绩“治麻为布，制作衣裳”，这使得人类社会向文明发展迈出了重大的一步。现在看到的是第二大功绩“日中为市，首辟市场”，神农氏提倡交易，互通有无，以满足人们生活和生产的需要。“弦木为弧，剡木为矢”，这是指神农氏创造的弓箭改进了狩猎工具，提高了生产力。第四大功绩是“始作耒耜，教民耕种”，为了方便种植，提高效率神农氏发明了早期的农具，并且教大家耕种，从而解决了民以食为天的大事。“遍尝百草，发明医学”，是他的第五大功绩。后人为了记住神农氏的这一大功绩，将我国医药史上的第一本书称为《神农本草经》。这是“作陶为器，冶制斤斧”，他个造了最早的陶器，大大改善了人类的生活条件。这里看到的是第七大功绩“削桐为琴，练丝为弦”，先民的物资生活提高以后，对精神生活又产生了强烈的追求，在劳动实践中发明了五弦琴，又称为神农琴。这是最后一大功绩“建屋灶房，台榭而居”，民房的建造源于鸟儿窝，鸟儿白天飞出去觅食，晚上又能飞回窝里栖息，神农氏想如果人们也有这么一个固定的窝，日出而作，日落而息，不再是钻洞穴那多好呀。从这八大功绩图中我们可以了解到炎帝的创造发明跟我们的生活都息息相关。OK,nowweareinfrontoftheEightGrandPicturesofAchievements.OneofShennong’sgreatachievementsishisconvertingthejutetohessianclothandthusmakingclothing,whichmadehumansocietytakeabigsteptowardscivilization.Herewecanseethesecondachievement“creatingmarketforpeopletoexchangegoodsatnoon”.Shennongadvocatedexchanginggoodstomeetpeople’sneeds.Next,itisthefourthachievement“cuttingwoodstomakebowandarrow”whichrefersthatShennongimprovedthehuntingtoolandhenceimprovingtheproductiveforceofthesociety.“Makingfarmingtoolsandteachingpeoplehowtodofarming”isthefourthachievementofShennong.Thedevelopmentofnewtoolsgreatlyincreasedthefarmingefficiencyandthussolvedtheproblemofpeople’sfirstnecessityforfood.Shennong’sfifthcontributionishis“tastinghundredsofherbsandestablishingmedicalscience”.Inordertomemorizesuchanachievement,ChinesepeopleregardsShengNong'sherbalclassicasthefirstmedicalbookinChina.AndhereisShennong’ssixthachievement:“makingpotteryandsmellingirontomakehatchet”,whichgreatlybetteredpeople’slife.Thenwearecomingtotheseventhachievement:“cuttingtungtomakeQin(aChinesemusicalinstrument)andsmellingwiretomakestring”.TheinventionofQingreatlyenrichedancientpeople’slifeandlater“Five-stringQin”wasinvented,whichwasalsocalled“ShennongQin”.Herewecometothelastachievement:“buildinghousesforliving”.Thisideacamefrombirds’nest.Enlightenedbythatbirdscouldbuildtheirnestsforacomfortableliving,Shennonghadasuddenideathatpeoplecouldalsobuildtheirownhouseslikebirds.Therefore,manyhouseswerebuiltfromthenon,thuspeoplebegantoliveintheirownhousesinsteadofcaves.Fromtheaboveeightachievements,wecanseethatallofthemareaboutpeople’sdailylife.好了，我们现在看到的炎帝陵大殿共分为五进。第一进是午门，穿越午门我们可以看到迎面树立的这块高大汉白玉石碑，大家看上面刻着“炎帝陵”三个大字，这是国家主席江泽民1993年9月4日为炎帝陵题的词。大家再看在石碑的左边卧着一只美丽的温驯的鹿，右边则立着一只展翅欲飞的鹰，这就是传说炎帝的另外两位母亲。第二进是行礼亭。大家看行礼亭上方悬挂着一块“民族始祖，光照人间”的横匾，是全国政协副主席周培源所手书的。好了，我们现在到达的是主殿，主殿是炎帝陵最高大的建筑，这两块大石柱上悬挂的一幅楹联：“制耒耜奠农工基础，尝百草开医药先河”，这幅对联概括了炎帝一生中最重要的三大功绩。大殿门额上还悬挂着一块横匾“炎黄子孙，不忘始祖”，这是陈云同志83岁高龄时题写的。这个主殿也是炎帝金身塑像所在地。你们看老祖宗他端坐在金碧辉煌的圣坛上，慈眉善眼，满脸微笑，左手持一束稻穗，右手拿两朵灵芝，两腿之间放着一只竹筐，里面装满他亲手采回的草药。这正是炎帝奠农工基础，开医药先河的三大功绩的体现。现在我们到的是第四进墓碑亭。在这汉白玉石碑上刻着“炎帝神农氏之墓”七个大字。那么这块碑是当时任中共中央总书记胡耀邦于1985年5月15日为炎帝神农氏题写的。这后面是炎帝神农氏的陵墓，我们的老祖宗炎帝神农氏及一直安息在这里，几千年来这里一直香火不断。好，那么接下来我们去看看御碑园。历代皇帝每次祭祖完毕就会刻一块御碑以作纪念。Ok,nowweareatYandiMausoleumGrandHallwhichconsistsoffiveentrances.ThefirstentranceisWumen.OngettingthroughWumen,wecanseealargeWhitemarblestonewhichisengravedwithalargeinscription“YandiMausoleum”writtenbyChinesepresidentJiangZemingonSeptember4th,1993.Andontherightliesabeautifulandtametabletdeerandontheleftatableteagleisspreadingitswingstobereadytofly.TheyaresaidtobeanothertwomothersofYandi.ThesecondentranceisLiting.AboveLiting,thereisabigtabletwiththeinscriptionof“Ancestor’sLightIlluminatingtheWorld”writtenbyCPPCCViceChairmanZhouPeiyuan.Next,wewillcometothemainhall,thehighestbuildingofYandiMausoleum.Onthesetwostonepillarshangsonapairofcoupletssaying“theinventionofleiandSilaidthebasisforagro-industrialsystem;thetastingofvariousherbssetaprecedentformedicine”(LeiandSiisatypeofChinesefarmingtools).ThiscoupletoutlinesthethreemajorachievementsofYandi.Onthetopofthemainhallhangsonaninscribedhorizontaltabletsaying“TheancestorwillberememberedbyallChinesedescendentsforever”.ThiswaswrittenbyChenYunathisageof83.ThemainhallisalsowhereYandi’sgildedstatuelies.WecanseethatthegildedstatueofYandisitsonthemagnificentaltarwithasmile,hislefthandholdinganearofriceandhisrighthandtwoganodermalucidumsandabamboobasketstandingbetweenhislegs.Thebasketisfilledwithsomeofhishand-pickedherbs.Now,weareinfrontofthefourthentrance“TombstonePavilion”.HerethereisawhitemarblestonewhichisengravedwithsevenbigChinesecharactersmeaning“themausoleumofYandiShenNong”;thisinscriptionwaswrittenbyHuYaobang,theGeneralSecretaryoftheCPCCentralCommittee,onMay5th,1985.BehindthemarblestoneisShenNong'smausoleum，whereincenses