汽车主减速器设计说明书

...目录摘要·····················································································IAbstract················································································II第1章绪论·······································································11.1国内外主减速器行业现状和发展趋势·················································11.2本设计的目的和意义······································································21.3本次设计的主要内容······································································2第2章主减速器的设计··························································32.1主减速器的结构型式的选择·····························································32.1.1主减速器的减速型式·······························································32.1.2主减速器齿轮的类型的选择······················································42.1.3主减速器主动锥齿轮的支承形式················································62.1.4主减速器从动锥齿轮的支承形式及安置方法·································72.2主减速器的基本参数选择与设计计算·················································82.2.1主减速比的确定·····································································82.2.2主减速器计算载荷的确定·························································92.2.3主减速器基本参数的选择························································112.2.4主减速器双曲面齿轮的几何尺寸计算·········································152.2.5主减速器双曲面齿轮的强度计算···············································232.2.6主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理··················································272.3主减速器轴承的选择·····································································282.3.1计算转矩的确定····································································282.3.2齿宽中点处的圆周力······························································282.3.3双曲面齿轮所受的轴向力和径向力············································292.3.4主减速器轴承载荷的计算及轴承的选择······································302.4本章小结····················································································34第3章差速器设计·······························································35...3.1差速器结构形式的选择··································································353.2对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的差速原理·············································373.3对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的结构···················································383.4对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的设计···················································383.4.1差速器齿轮的基本参数的选择··················································383.4.2差速器齿轮的几何计算···························································403.4.3差速器齿轮的强度计算···························································423.5本章小结····················································································43第4章驱动半轴的设计·························································444.1半轴结构形式的选择·····································································444.2全浮式半轴计算载荷的确定····························································464.3全浮式半轴的杆部直径的初选·························································474.4全浮式半轴的强度计算··································································474.5半轴花键的计算···········································································474.5.1花键尺寸参数的计算······························································474.5.2花键的校核··········································································494.6本章小结····················································································50结论···················································································51参考文献···············································································52致谢································································错误!未定义书签。附录A：···············································································54......摘要本设计的任务是设计一台用于轻型商用车上的主减速器，采用单级主减速器，该减速器具有结构简单、体积及质量小且成本低等优点，因此广泛用于各种中、小型汽车上。例如，轿车、轻型载货汽车都是采用单级主减速器，大多数的中型载货汽车也采用这种形式。根据轻型载货汽车的外形、轮距、轴距、最小离地间隙、最小转弯半径、车辆重量、满载重量以及最高车速、发动机的最大功率、最大扭矩、排量等重要的参数，选择适当的主减速比。根据上述参数，再结合汽车设计、汽车理论、汽车构造、机械设计等相关知识，计算出相关的主减速器参数并论证设计的合理性。它功用是：将输入的转矩增大并相应降低转速；当发动机纵置时还具有改变转矩旋转方向的作用。本设计主要内容有：主减速器的齿轮类型、主减速器的减速形式、主减速器主动齿轮和从动锥齿轮的支承形式、主减速比的确定、主减速器计算载荷的确定、主减速器基本参数的选择、主减速器齿轮的材料及热处理、主减速器轴承的计算、对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的差速原理、对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的结构、对称式圆锥行星齿轮差速器的设计、全浮式半轴计算载荷的确定、全浮式半轴的直径的选择、全浮式半轴的强度计算、半轴花键的强度计算。关键词:主减速比；主动齿轮；从动齿轮；差速器；行星齿轮...ABSTRACTThedesigntaskistodesignforalightcommercialvehicleonthemainreducer,usingasingle-stagemainreducer,thereducerissimpleinstructure,sizeandqualityofsmallandlowcost,itiswidelyusedinavarietyofsmallandmedium-sizedcar.Forexample,car,li-ghttruckandarebasedonsingle-stagemainreducer,themajorityofmedium-ladenvehic-leswerealsousingthisform.Accordingtotheshapeoflighttruck,Tread,wheelbase,minimumgroundclearance,minimumturningradius,vehicleweight,loadedweightandthemaximumspeed,theengI-ne'smaximumpower,maximumtorque,displacementandotherimportantparameters,se-lecttheappropriateThemainreductionratio.Basedontheaboveparameters,combinedw-iththecardesign,automotivetheory,automobileconstruction,mechanicaldesignandoth-errelatedknowledge,tocalculatetherelevantparametersofthemainreduceranddemon-stratetherationalityofthedesign.Itspurposeisto:increase