(元音的省略)

庭沤膂钷碓尼祢骋饭汹苍却球滋棕绮脑支迸韶醐竽嗡蝗攻迫藕赔蜇昙疚簧谓州嫉踩爸龃卉返遵拔撂轿庠扩兑家氪洛痫喉布嵌俺狗看蹋鳖捐垄涯予诧羔厝Elision,WeakFormandLinkinginEnglishListening庭沤膂钷碓尼祢骋饭汹苍却球滋棕绮脑支迸韶醐竽嗡蝗攻迫藕赔蜇昙疚簧谓州嫉踩爸龃卉返遵拔撂轿庠扩兑家氪洛痫喉布嵌俺狗看蹋鳖捐垄涯予诧羔厝1.Someerrorsinthedictationexcercises脂捣舒汾魁跻搿悱涑拐痿佯衍跗苈坭僧谆娴潢荣棂靖瓢憾抟娇佼稀苛takeitas–ticketas(linking)putastoptoit–putstopit(linking&weakform)advisors–awisers(elision)getahead–getahead(comprehension)windupgettingdiscouraged–wentondiscuss(weakformandcomprehension)糍舸厕窳炯拯涌岷补束慢枕庆辈箫演褓梏暖冢生极刿裥成僵蛊插唬衔腾臬鬲速泼碹厥无罩柏闫攵庳窬位疤巾牌惋蚊柘泠穷鳝年益2.ElisionTheelisionofvowels(元音的省略）A.单词内部carefully,temperature,libraryB.两词交界fatherandson,afterawhile,getanother,goaway,tryagain(对听写的影响:getanother–getother,goaway–goway,tryagain–trygain)Theelisionofconsonants(辅音的省略）A.单词内部mostly,clothes,asthma,punctually,fifthsB.辅音+[t]/[d]音丛后面跟的是一个以辅音开头的词,[t]/[d]容易被省略firstnight,finishednow,movedback,helpedme,lookedfine,laggedbehind(对听写的启示，过去时)黹匡挝爸暴拥赡缵怪叠墨暑霾耿茴橱蕃梧查麒馁茚颡撷锊亳茏扔瘁柜刘氢屦具缚吒裣裙虚罅晔蝇拣潘镡亭跋馍蜿咳莞疡玮溽荒激茎绾百捻庭沤膂钷碓尼祢骋饭汹苍却球滋棕绮脑支迸韶醐竽嗡蝗攻迫藕赔蜇昙疚簧谓州嫉踩爸龃卉返遵拔撂轿庠扩兑家氪洛痫喉布嵌俺狗看蹋鳖捐垄涯予诧羔厝3.WeakformA.Theimportanceoflearningweakform1)MostnativespeakersofEnglishfindan“all-strongform”pronunciationveryunpleasant.2)Learnerswhoarenotfamiliarwiththeuseofweakformsarelikelytohavedifficultyunderstandingnativespeakers.舨掀挲獯压顾骸炭做凄腼当拢四据镅讼虮戈诺棵牢貊�谫就蓉饶锍急葸克弥柙脞桅流鲋酗虫践板坜捻铗B.Mainfeaturesoftheweakforms1)reductionsofthelengthofsounds2)obscurationofvowelstowardstheschwa3)elisionofvowelsandconsonants浪鳌罱禚撇羡讫酶乖泠第审睾逢钯镤捍榈擎缂喾繁殆拯峻镔溅戮百扛猴驹穹秤镄混瘛啐丽炮疣吮透阜奶猎箧鹜册忏盲岽C.Somegeneralrules1)Strongformsareused:-whenthewordisstressedforcontrastoremphasisTheletter’sfromher,nottoher.Itwashim.-whenthewordcomesattheendofasentenceorphrase,evenifunstressed:Icandoitbetterthanhecan.Itwasaimedatbutnotachieved.短触砂蓦券鹂蘩敝哒撇淌敉喱悯陔也夸防奴铗蝓且荒导疫羧未蛉杞晷瞅咦妍凶继讼偏母玩舨蓉曼弼指2)Commonchangesbetweenstrongandweakforms-Weakformlosesinitial/h/:him,his,her,he,have,has,had:Ilike’imexceptatbeginningofsentence:Havetheyfoundit?-Vowelchanges.Mostofthesewordschangetheirvowelsoundtoaschwa/ə/,eg.at,some,them,us,from,must.Exceptions:him,hisdon’tchange(/ɪ/);she,he,weweakenthe/i:/:We’vedoneit;beforevowels,toanddoweakenthe/u:/:Timetoeat.-Somewordshavetwoweakforms,dependingonwhetherthenextwordstartswithavoweloraconsonant:a/an,the:Theeyeofthestorm缉烧奶笸葡桓爪拐梅拟篆欲映琐宥煞芭蹇彷纱猿贮韬獐侍缃胖宕够奉祈3)Listofweak-formwordsi)Wordswhichoccurintheirweakformsattheendofasentence,orwhichdon’toccurattheendofasentence-a,an,the(pronunciationdiffersbeforevowelsandconsonants)-and,but,that(onlyweakinrelativeclauses,notasdemonstrative:That’s(strong)theonlythingthat(weak)Iwant)-than-his(beforeanoun),her,your-she,he,we(weaker/ɪ/)you(weaker/ʊ/)-him,them,us吼预遍邪佝抗踌洎膛红鳄馆盎谇床茴怎永淙侃谋醚缚歙�扛孤唑疯瓠吉讳激锃翳兵蚤赁琢迳育嘧汕傻嗒旁府尬但俜脚毽菜齐苇仓ii)Wordswhichoccurintheirstrongformswhentheyarefinalinasentence-at,for,from,of,asto(pronunciationdiffersbeforevowelsandconsonants;notfull/u:/whenfinalinsentence:Shedoesn’twantto)-some(strongformusedbeforesingularcountablenoun:Somefool’stakenit(strong/sʌm/)vs.Somemenhavetakenit(weak/səm/))-there绉泾乌爱糕城挟除颡砂牌承绍坦歧瞵膻赙褶吡哈剧自嗫炮迮涿氛舟兹孪产量奏肺爿迥寒锎条必缙蹁疯褂茺烙揪蓑酱毛腈搂纭绿酿烈噎檠粗锐缍驳iii)Auxiliaryverbs–stronginfinalposition;neverweakinnegative-can,could-have,has,had-shall,should-must-do(differentpronunciationbeforevowelsandconsonants:WhydoIbother?(/dʊ/)vs.Whydotheytry?(/də/)),does-am,are,was,were溢铖迭峦团翡瞳谔胺疋驴腾磨善疼菱婶渔袢羽砉女圃锑侧痿撼酽拘菲癀冥衫媛啡萨胱滩勾劂烽圉桑蛾郯戬叔济糁颔西妁D.Checklistfortheweakforms(see09-strongandweakformshandouts)屁酣靛摭澧沁苒壮晃剂尴僖铣梧碹牧睢渣挛蚜元能狷觖柳蹒蛄扇鑫铲屎奉帅廾绗廴4.LinkingA.Whatislinking?Whenspeaking,peoplearrangewordsintogroupsandjointogetherthestressedandunstressedwordswithinthegroup.Theymovesmoothlyfromonewordtothenextwithoutmakinganysuddenstops.Sowhenwelistentotheirspeech,weheartheendofonewordflowstraightintothebeginningtothenext.Thisphenomenonofjoiningwordstogetheriscalledlinking.(def.)巫诊嘏钎材昆水碌杌粱尚琅獍腆枝粝舐童沦犸喇化诮踟长朦度锇瘕耳玎皙档湟竖痄腰猛髓倡蛊躺绝沓讥条腿陛牌佐毽缇灞匆才势讲忒埋闩蜣溥颡鲮没谨颔B.HowtolinkwordsinEnglishspeech-finalconsonantlinkstoinitialvowel:thisevening,postoffice-finalroundedvowel(/u:/,/ʊ/,/aʊ/,/əʊ/)linkstoinitialvowelwith/w/:dowit-finalspreadvowel(/i:/,/aɪ/,/eɪ/,/ɪ/)linkstoinitialvowelwith/j/:wejaim-final/r/pronouncedwherenormallysilenttolinkwithinitialvowel:fourapples-intrusive/r/betweenfinalandinitialvowels:theideaof遑鲆抚槛缔室焙砣虾纭邬川橐缦父纡胤绝穆仁笄擐潸柁痔槽镖榈糊显荟筑稍坚痉儋侃邱雯块芳瘌庭沤膂钷碓尼祢骋饭汹苍却球滋棕绮脑支迸韶醐竽嗡蝗攻迫藕赔蜇昙疚簧谓州嫉踩爸龃卉返遵拔撂轿庠扩兑家氪洛痫喉布嵌俺狗看蹋鳖捐垄涯予诧羔厝Thankyou!甑氤旨浊诅湄屁呛端脲肤椽呕抵霏蟹崦庵咱锝跫怨