谚语、习语翻译.

：望文生义，生搬硬套！•pullsomebody’sleg•愚弄人，开某人的玩笑•moveheavenandearth•竭尽全力；不遗余力，想法设法•havetheface•恬不知耻，厚脸皮•blowhotandcold•朝三暮四；出尔反尔；摇摆不定CulturallyLoadedWords文化负载词1•指鹿为马callwhiteblack•望梅止渴lookingatplumstoquenchthethirst•画饼充饥：todrawapancaketocurehunger•破釜沉舟burnone’sboat•鸿门宴hongmenbanquet;adinneratHongmenwheretreachery(背信弃义,不忠,背叛)[murderofinvitedguest]wasplanned•铁饭碗“ironricebowl”--apermanentincometheywouldneverlosewhethertheyworkhardornot;“ironbowl”--astable,lifelongjob;asecuredjob•饭桶ricebucket--fat-head文化负载词3•阿Q精神AQspirit•meetone’sWaterloo遭遇滑铁卢；遭遇失败•fifthcolumn第五纵队；内奸•acatch-22situation第二十二条军规；左右为难的境地•Shylock夏洛克；守财奴•claimone’spoundofflesh逼债•theheelofAchilles(Achilles'heel)•阿基里斯的脚后跟，比喻唯一致命的弱点。谚语、习语、成语翻译的注意点•Menmaymeetbutmountainsnever.（注意对仗）•山和山无法碰头，人与人总会相遇。•Whohasnevertastedbitter,knowsnotwhatissweet.（注意对仗）•不尝黄连苦，怎知蜂蜜甜。/风雨过后，方见彩虹。/不经历风雨，怎能见彩虹？•Thehigherup,thegreaterthefall.（注意对仗）•爬得越高，跌得愈惨。•Countone’schickensbeforetheyarehatched.（注意对仗）•小鸡未孵出，急着数鸡数。（过早乐观）•Emptyvesselsmakethemostnoise.（注意对仗）•瓶子越空，响声越大；一瓶子不响，半瓶子晃荡。直译/异化译法翻译实践•Forbiddenfruitissweet.•禁果分外甜。•Allarenotfriendsthatspeakusfair.•说我们好话的不一定都是朋友。•Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatchneither.•同时追两兔，全都抓不住。•Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.•节约时间就等于延长生命。•Timeismoney.•时间就是金钱。（比“一寸光阴一寸金”流行）•Abirdinthehandisworththantwointhebush.•一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。直译/异化译法翻译实践•Failureisthemotherofsuccess.•失败是成功之母。•凡事都应量力而行。•Amancandonomorethanhecan.•水火无情•Fireandwaterhavenomercy.•良药苦口•Agoodmedicinetastesbitter.•海纳百川•Allriversrunintosea.•火上加油•pouroilontheflame•鹦鹉学舌；人云亦云•tobeaparrot直译加注译法翻译实践1•hellfire•地狱之火（比喻苦苦折磨人的东西）•aJudaskiss•犹大的吻（比喻背叛行为、口蜜腹剑）•olivebranch•橄榄枝（和平的象征）•Pandora’sBox•潘多拉的盒子（比喻祸害的根源）•aSphinx’sriddle•斯芬克斯之谜（比喻难题或难解之谜）•sourgrapes•酸葡萄（得不到的东西就说它不好）•thetowerofivory•象牙塔（比喻脱离现实生活的小天地、世外桃源）直译加注译法翻译实践2•theTrojanhorse•特洛伊木马（比喻暗藏的敌人或危险）•Waterloo•滑铁卢（比喻惨重的失败、致命的打击）•wolfinsheep’sclothing•披着羊皮的狼（比喻伪装友善的敌人）•toshedcrocodiletears•流鳄鱼眼泪（比喻假慈悲）•Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.•好鱼居水底（比喻有价值的东西不能轻易得到）•meetone’sWaterloo•遭遇滑铁卢（比喻遭遇失败。注：滑铁卢，比利时首都布鲁塞尔附近的一个小城镇。1815年拿破仑的军队大败于此。）直译加注译法翻译实践3•theswordofDamocles•悬在达摩克里斯头上的剑（比喻临头的危险，或迫在眉睫的灾难。注：达摩克里斯为古希腊一位暴君狄奥尼修斯的佞臣，羡慕帝王的豪华生活。狄奥尼修斯邀其赴宴，在他头上用一根头发悬着一把剑，达摩克里斯万分恐惧，几乎不能终席。）•“东施效颦”•DongShiimitatingXiShi(XiShiwasafamousbeautyintheancientChinesekingdomofYue.DongShiwasanuglygirlwhotriedtoimitateherways.)直译加注译法翻译实践4•情人眼里出西施•beautyliesinlover’seyes(XiShiwasafamousbeautyintheancientChinesekingdomofYue.SherankedthefirstamongtheFourAncientBeautiesofChinaandthusbecamethesymbolofallbeauties.)•草船借箭•toborrowarrowswiththatchedboats(ThisisastoryaboutZhugeLiang,afamouswitintheancientChina,triedstoring100,000arrowsshotfromthecounterpartwiththatchedboatsduringawar.Thistermreferstothegreatwisdomwithwhichonecanutilizeothers’resourcestoobtainone’sowngoals.)现有表达套译法翻译实践1•stirupahornet’snest•捅马蜂窝•aslyoldfox•老狐狸；老奸巨猾的人•Likefatherlikeson.•有其父必有其子•Makehaywhilethesunshines.•趁热打铁。•Falsefriendsareworsethanbitterenemies.•明枪易躲，暗箭难防现有表达套译法翻译实践2•Farwaterdoesnotputoutnearfire.•远水救不了近火•Lockthestabledoorwhenthehorsehasbeenstolen.•贼去关门/亡羊补牢。•Givehimaninchandhewilltakeanell.•得寸进尺•失之毫厘，差之千里。•Amissisasgoodasamile.（略有差别，英：客观描述；汉：主观警告）•闪光的东西不一定是金子•allthatglittersisnotgold.现有表达套译法翻译实践3•活到老，学到老。•It'snevertoooldtolearn.•浑水摸鱼•fishintroubledwater•置若罔闻•turnadeafearto•视而不见•turnablindeyeto•沽名钓誉•tofishforpraise•沧海一粟•adropintheocean意译/同化译法翻译实践•pullupone’ssocks•加油•ablessingindisguise•因祸得福•aslikeastwopeas•长得一模一样•Inthekingdomoftheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.•山中无老虎，猴子称大王•I’mtoooldadogthatcan’tlearnnewtricks.•我太老了，再也学不进什么新鲜玩意儿了。•Everymanhasafoolinhissleeve.•人人都有糊涂的时候。•Don’tcountyourchickenuntiltheyarehatched.•不要高兴得太早。意译/同化译法翻译实践•木已成舟•What’sdoneisdone,andcan’tbeundone.•风水轮流转•Fortuneknocksonceatleastateveryman’sgate.•车到山前必有路•Intheendthingswillmend.•三思而后行。•Aleopardcannotchangeitsspots.•班门弄斧•teachfishtoswim;teachone’sgrandmothertosuckeggs•丢了芝麻拣西瓜（吃小亏占大便宜）•throwasprat(鲱鱼属的小鱼)tocatchawhale•一箭双雕•killtwobirdswithonestone习题21.Eastorwest,homeisbest.在家千日好，出门一日难。2.Don’tdotootherswhatyoudon’twantothersdotoyou.己所不欲，勿施于人。3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.天助自助者。4.Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.心之所愿，无所不成。5.Speakofthedevilandhewillappear.说曹操曹操到。6.Wisdominthemindisbetterthanmoneyinthehand.脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。7.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。8.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.凡事必先难后易。[放弃投机取巧的幻想]9.Goodcompanyontheroadistheshortestcut.行路有良伴就是捷径。10.Constantdroppingwearsthestone.滴水穿石。11.眼不见，心不乱。Outofsight,outofmind.12.事实胜于雄辩。Actionspeakslouderthanwords.13.吃一堑，长一智。Afallinthepit,againinthewit.14.欲速则不达。Morehaste,lessspeed.15.江山易改，本性难移。Aleopardcannotchangeitsspots.16.前车之鉴，后事之师。Letanother’sshipwreckbeyourseamark.17.谋事在人，成事在天。Manproposes,Goddisposes.18.实践长才干。Indoingwelearn.19.得寸进尺。Giveknavesaninchandtheywilltakeayard.20.三个臭皮匠，胜过/顶个诸葛亮。Twoheadsarebetterthanone.