新一代智能交通系统的技术特点和发展建议

616(1):37-4220143JOURNALOFENGINEERINGSTUDIESMar.,2014收稿日期:2013−09−08;修回日期:2014−02−14基金项目:2012ZX03005010作者简介:1957–E-mail:[e-mail]:10.3724/SP.J.1224.2014.00037新一代智能交通系统的技术特点和发展建议王笑京1,21.1000882.100088摘要:智能交通系统（即ITS）是现代交通技术的前沿之一，在国内外已有大量应用。随着新一代信息技术的发展和出行者需求的变化，ITS领域出现了与以往不同的、特色鲜明的技术方向和服务应用。本文首先对近期国内外ITS技术发展的最新动态和应用案例进行了分析，特别强调了新一代信息技术带来的技术跨越和关注领域的变化，提出新一代智能交通系统已初步形成。然后对新一代智能交通系统的技术特征进行了分析：各交通参与单元之间的互联、车辆对周边复杂环境的识别、新型的交通信息采集和服务、交通大数据、自动驾驶等。最后就新一代智能交通系统发展提出了建议：加快市场化，建立智能交通系统标准化的新模式，加强前沿技术开发等。关键词:智能交通系统；ITS；合作式智能交通系统；互联车辆；车车通信；车路通信中图分类号U491文献标识码A文章编号1674-4969(2014)01-0037-06引言intelligenttransportationsys-temITSITS2080—90PROMETHEUSProgramforEuropeanTrafficwithHighestEfficiencyandUnprecedentedSafetyDRIVEDedicatedRoadInfrastructureforVehicleSafetyinEuropetelematicsPACSPictureArchivingandCommunicationSystemsVICSVehicleInformationandCommunicationSystemASVAdvancedSafetyVehicleUTMSUniversalTrafficManagementSystemERGSElectronicRouteGuidanceSystemMobility2000IVHSIntelligentVehicleHighwaySystem1994ITS[1]“智能交通：技术、管理与产业化”专刊38,6(1):37-42(2014)21ITSVICS3800[2]580089%[3]200926600ITSITS3G4GITScooperativeITS[4][5]1-21新一代智能交通系统的出现2090ITSDedicatedShortRangeCommunicationDSRCElectronicTollCollectionETCRadioDataSystem-TrafficMessageChannelRDS-TMCUTMS3G4GITSITSITS1.1ITSITSITSDSRCETC120km/h2009DSRC4G5G1.2ITS2008—200939cooperativeITS2010—2014IntelliDriveConnectedVehicleSmartwayITS-Spot2009ITScooperativeITS[5]4DSRC“”“”ITS1.3ITS201017ITS3GApp50%20121019201320ITSAppITSITSITS1.4ITSITSeCoITSeCoMoveFREILOTUrbanFreightEnergyEfficiencyPilotEnergyITSDevelopmentofEnergy-savingITSTechnologyITS20103eCoMove20%eCoNavigator2发展新一代智能交通系统的讨论2.1WorldRoadAssociationPIARCITS“40,6(1):37-42(2014)ITSITStransporttelematics’”[6]ITSITS1DSRCITSITSConnectedVehi-cle276~79GHz3TomTom45ITS19972000DSRC2.220901994152008ITSITSITSITSITS“”1412ITSVICSETCVICSETC3ITSITSITSITSITS3对我国新一代智能交通系统发展的几点建议1ITSITSITSITS2ITSITSITSITS3ITSITS参考文献[1],,.[M].:,2004:5-19.[2]VICSCenter.ShipmentofVICSUnit[EB/OL].(2013-06)[2014-02].[3]ORSE.[EB/OL].(2014-01)[2014-02].[4]ITSDivisionNILIM.RecentResearchActivitiesonITS[G/DK].Orlando:Japan-ChinaITSWorkshopin2011,42,6(1):37-42(2014)2011:1-12.[5]HöfsW,LappinJ,SchagrinM,etal.InternationalDeploy-mentofCooperativeIntelligentTransportationSystems:Bi-lateralEffortsoftheEuropeanCommissionandUnitedStatesDepartmentofTransportation[R].theEuropeanCommission,theU.S.DepartmentofTransportation,2012.[6]MilesJC.[M].,.:,2007:1.TheTechnicalFeaturesandDevelopmentSuggestionsoftheNextGenerationIntelligentTransportationSystemWangXiaojing1,2(1.ChinaNationalITSCenter,Beijing100088,China;2.ResearchInstituteofHighway,MOT,Beijing100088,China)Abstract:Intelligenttransportationsystem(ITS)isoneoftheforefrontsofmoderntransportationtechnol-ogyandithasbeenappliedathomeandabroad.Withthedevelopmentofanewgenerationofinformation&communicationtechnology(ICT)andchangesoftravelerdemand,thedifferentITStechnologydirectionandser-viceapplicationareappearing.Firstly,therecentITStechnologydevelopmentsandapplicationcasesareanalyzedinthispaper.ThenthetechnicalcharacteristicsofthenextgenerationITSisanalyzed,including:theconnectingbetweenvarioustrafficentities,vehicle’sidentificationoftheneighboringenvironment,newtypeoftrafficinfor-mationcollectionandservice,trafficdata,automaticdriving,etc.Finally,thispaperputsforwardsomesugges-tionsonthedevelopmentofthenextgenerationITS,including:toacceleratethemarketization,toestablishanewmodelofITSstandardizationandtostrengthenthedevelopmentofcutting-edgetechnology.Keywords:intelligenttransportationsystem;ITS;cooperativeITS;ConnectedVehicle;V2V;V2I