2017-2018学年高中英语必修一高考分类题库： 2015年高考分类题库考点3 阅读理解

1温馨提示：此题库为Word版，请按住Ctrl，滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，关闭Word文档返回原板块。一、科普知识类.............................................................................................................-1-二、广告宣传类...........................................................................................................-21-三、政治经济类类........................................................................................................-36-四、人物传记类...........................................................................................................-42-五、文化教育类...........................................................................................................-48-六、社会生活类...........................................................................................................-72-七、环境保护类.........................................................................................................-142-八、文学艺术类.........................................................................................................-156-考点3阅读理解一、科普知识类(2015·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解B)话题:房间设计和体重　　词数:321W　　难度:★★★　　Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsare2morelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(难为情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.　　Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock—ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(摄入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.【文章大意】你的房间的灯光、颜色等和用餐时摄入的量有关,所以和你的体重有关。325.Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout　　　.A.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydiets【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知,专家认为房间的设计和体重的增减有关,所以这篇文章对关心体型的人有帮助。26.Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople　　　.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetites【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段可知,在蓝色房间用餐的人们比在黄色或红色房间用餐的人们吃得少。27.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知,明亮的环境会使人减少食物的摄入。根据第四段可知,慢吃且听放松的音乐比快吃好。另外,最后一段告诉我们用小号的餐具也会使我们吃得少。28.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?B.WaysofServingDinnerC.EffectsofSelf-ConsciousnessD.IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们一个人的房间的灯光、4颜色等和用餐时摄入的量有关。即与你的胖瘦有关。(2015·安徽卷·阅读理解C)话题:科普知识　　词数:288　　难度:★★★★　　AsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberingless?Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.Inarecentstudy,ProfessorBetsySparrowconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersgavepeoplefactstoremember,andtoldthemwheretofindtheinformationonthecomputer.Theinformationwasinaspecificcomputerfolder(文件夹).Surprisingly,peoplelaterrememberedthefolderlocation(位置)betterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotrememberthe5information.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled“transactivememory(交互记忆)”.AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories;thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothattheyareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn’tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.【文章大意】本文是论说文。文章通过对专家Sparrow的实验和研究发现的阐述,说明互联网不是使人的记忆力下降了,而是使人们记忆信息的方式发生了改变。64.Thepassagebeginswithtwoquestionsto　　　.A.introducethemaintopicB.showtheauthor’sattitudeC.describehowtousetheInternetD.explainhowtostoreinformation【解析】选A。逻辑结构题。根据第一段提出的两个问题,结合文章后几段的内容,可知文章对这两个问题进行了讨论、解决。可见第一段提出的这两个问题的目的是介绍文章的主要话题。故选A。65.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstexperiment?A.TheSpar