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状语从句一、时间状语从句1.when除了作“当……时候”解之外,还有“那时(突然),这时(突然)”之意,常用于下列句式:was/weredoing...when...“正……突然……”;was/wereaboutto/goingtodo...when...“正要……突然……”;hadjustdone...when...“刚……突然就……。”Wewereabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorain.Tips:一般when出现的时候都是没做完的事。另外,when还可作“既然”解,表原因。Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.2.before除译为“在……之前”外,还可译为“还未……就……”;“不到……就……”;“……才……”;“趁着还没……就……”;“还没来得及……就……”等。Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁你现在没忘把它记下来。BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。3.辨析before和sincebefore可构成句型:“itwill(not)be...before...”和“itwas(not)...before...”,意为“多久之后才……”。Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.ItwassometimebeforeIrealizedtheimportanceofit.since可构成句型:“Itis/hasbeen...since...”,意为“做某事已有多久了;已有多久没做某事了。”ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.我不吸烟有三年了。ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.我吸烟有三年了。4.辨析while和asas还可译为“随着”,表示事态或状况的变化或发展过程。Astheyearswentby,hishairturnedgrey.另外,justas是固定搭配,意为“正当……时”。Justashewasleavinghishouse,thetelephonerang.while有时可译为“而,却”,表示上下文的转折对比关系。Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.while还有“虽然”之意,引出让步状语从句。WhileIunderstandyourviewpoint,Idon’tagreewithyou.虽然我理解你的观点,但我不同意。5.当表达“一……就……”之意时,可用assoonas,immediately,directly,themoment,theminute等引出状语从句,还可用nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...等句型。ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewfatherwascoming.Wehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.6.短语everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,bythetime等也可引导时间状语从句。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.每次我陷入困境时,他就会来帮助我。2,5,9,142,8,9,13,14,16二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有where,wherever等。ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.这座教堂建在一罗马寺庙的旧址上。Thethreadbreakswhereitisweakest.线从最弱的地方断。三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有:because,as,since,for等。AsIhadacold,Iwasabsentfromschool.因为我得了感冒,我缺课了。此外,now(that),seeing(that),considering(that),given(that)等短语也可引导原因状语从句。8,1218Nowthatyouareallhere,let’stryandreachadecision.既然你们都在这儿,咱们就设法作出一个决定。Consideringhe’sonlybeenlearningEnglishayear,hespeaksitverywell.考虑到他学英语才一年,他讲得很好了。四、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有:if,unless等。Ifyouhavefinishedyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.You’llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard.【注】条件状语从句中通常不用将来时态,要用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时,一般过去时或过去完成时代替过去将来时。78另外,so/aslongas(只要),incase(万一……的话),onconditionthat(假如;在……条件下),suppose/supposing(that)(假设),provided/providing(that)(倘若;在……条件下)等也可引导条件状语从句。Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,youwillsucceed.Incaseanythingimportanthappens,pleasecallmeup.I’llcomeonconditionthatmyparentsareinvited,too.五、让步状语从句1.引导让步状语从句的连词主要有:although,though,as,eventhough,evenif。Theywillstandbyyouevenifyoudon’tsucceed.【注】although和though不可与but连用,但可与yet,still或nevertheless连用。Althoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.11,132.whether...or...可引导让步状语从句,意为“不管是……还是……;不论是否……”。You’llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.不管你忙不忙,你都要参加这个典礼。3.whatever,whoever,whichever,however,whenever,wherever等与nomatterwhat/who/which...等亦可引导让步状语从句,意为“不管……;无论……。Howeverfaritis,Iintendtodrivetheretoday.Thequalitywillbethesame,whicheverofthemyouchoose.六、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连词有:as,asif,asthough等。Doasyouaretoldto,oryou’llbefired.请按照要求去做,否则你会被开除。3,4,6,1511【注】(just)as...so...是一常用句型,意为“正如……那样,……也一样”;有时so分句中可用倒装语序。JustastheAmericanslikebaseball,sotheBritishlikesoccer.就像美国人喜欢棒球一样,英国人喜欢足球。七、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有:sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase等。I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetreeforfearthathisfathershouldseehim.Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains.八、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有:sothat,so...that...,such...that...。在非正式语体中,由so...that...,such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略。Iwascaughtinashower,sothatallmyclothesgotwet.Itwassodarkthathecouldn’tseethefacesofhiscompanions.Heissuchamarvelousjokerthatyoucan’thelplaughing.10,17
本文标题:状语从句总结8种
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