高考英语情景会话题型分析t

一、高考英语情景会话题型分析高考英语试题中,单项选择题越来越注重对情景交流用语的考查,越发强调对交流能力的测试。本文将结合高考实例对英语情景会话的测试重点及命题方式作一分析。情景会话用语主要考查教学大纲中所规定的常用会话套语。考查的方式以应答为主,提问为辅;以中英文化差异明显的语言交流项目为重点考查对象。命题方式有:一、习惯应答类许多情景会话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候、告别、打电话、问路、看病、购物等常见交流话题均有其较为固定的套语。感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语。对于这类题目,我们要紧紧遵循他们的习惯进行解答。如:-Waiter!-________-Ican'teatthis.It'stoosalty.(NMET2000)A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.Allright?D.Pardon?[A]析:这是服务员与顾客之间的一段对话。选项A是饭店服务员应答顾客的习惯用语,故选A。1.常用于感谢的应答用语有:Youarewelcome.Don'tmentionit.Itismypleasure(Mypleasure).Notatall.That'sallright.I'mglad/happythat...I'mgladyoulike/enjoyit.等等。[考例]-Thankyoueversomuchforthebookyousentme.-________.(1997上海)A.NothanksB.I'mgladyoulikeitC.Pleasedon'tsaysoD.No,it'snotsogood[B][考例]-It'sbeenawonderfulevening.Thankyouverymuch.-________.(2002北京)A.MypleasureB.I'mgladtohearthatC.No,thanksD.It'sOK[A]2.常用于道歉的应答用语有:Nevermind.Itdoesn'tmatter.Notatall.That'sallright.Thatisnothing.等等。[考例]-I'msorryIbrokeyourmirror.-Oh,really?________.(NMET1996)A.It'sOKwithmeB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.Don'tbesorryD.Idon'tcare[B][考例]-Sorry,Icouldn'tcometotheparty.Iwassickthatday.-________.(1996上海)A.Idon'tknowthatB.That'sallrightC.Yes,we'llhaveanotherpartyD.No,thepartywasn'theld[B]3.常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有:Goodluck!Bestwishestoyou.Haveanicetime.Wishyouapleasantjourney/success.Congratulations!HappyChristmas!Happybirthdaytoyou.等等。而应答用语常有:Thankyou.Thesametoyou.Youtoo.等等。[考例]-I'mtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.-________!(NMET2002)A.CheersB.GoodluckC.ComeonD.Congratulations[B]4.接受请求和邀请的应答用语有:Withpleasure.I'dbehappy/gladto.Yes,helpyourself.Noproblem.Goodidea.等。拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有:Sorry,but...I'dratheryou...Thankyou,but...Noway.等等。[考例]-Wouldyoudomeafavourandgivemearide?-________.(1997上海)A.Yes,that'srightB.NotroubleC.NevermindD.Withpleasure[D][考例]-Whatabouthavingadrink?-________.(NMET2000)A.GoodideaB.HelpyourselfC.Goahead,pleaseD.Me,too[A][考例]-I'dliketoinviteyoutodinnerthisSaturday,MrSmith.-________.(NMET1997)A.Oh,no.Let'snotB.I'dratherstayathomeC.I'mverysorry,butIhaveotherplansD.Oh,no.That'llbetoomuchtrouble[C][考例]-IwonderifIcoulduseyourtelephone.-________.(1996上海)A.IwonderhowB.Idon'twonderC.Sorry,it'soutoforderD.Nowonder,hereitis[C][考例]-Idon'thaveanychangewithme.Willyoupaythefareforme?-________.(2000上海)A.That'sfineB.NothingseriousC.NevermindD.Noproblem[D][考例]-IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.-________.Itwasherfault.(NMET2003)A.NowayB.NotpossibleC.NochanceD.Notatall[A]5.其它习惯应答用语[考例]-Hello.MayIspeaktoZhaoHua?-Yes.________.(MET1992)A.Myname'sZhaoHaoB.I'mZhaoHuaC.ThisisZhaoHuaspeakingD.ZhaoHua'sme[C][考例]-Letmeintroducemyself,I'mAlbert.-________.(NMET1993)A.WhatapleasureB.It'smypleasureC.PleasedtomeetyouD.I'mverypleased[C]二、破交流定势类汉语和英语在文化方面有许多共同之处,但也存在着诸多差异。这些差异往往是考查的重中之重。我们要力求用英语思维,避免母语交流定势的干扰,要根据英语的文化交流习惯来应答。如,当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美时,习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话。而英美人则不同,总是先接受对方的夸奖,再表示谢意。例如:-You'vegivenusawonderfulChinesedinner,Mrs.Wang.-________.(2000上海)A.Oh,I'mafraidIdidn'tcookverywellB.I'mgladyouenjoyeditC.ComeagainwhenyouarefreeD.It'snotnecessaryforyoutosayso[B]析:根据英语接受恭维的交流原则,A项很明显不正确,B为最佳答案。[考例]-Hi,haven'tseenyouforages!Youlookfine!-________.Youlookwell,too.(NMET1994)A.GreatB.ThanksC.Oh,noD.Notatall[B][考例]-Mydaughterhaspassedtheexam.-Congratulations!She'sreallyintelligent.-________.(1999上海)A.No,sheisnothingB.Oh,thankyouC.SometimessheisintelligentD.Youareright[B]三、语言结构类这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确的语言结构来做出选择。以习惯用法居多。如说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时,可以说:Yes,Ithink/suppose/believeso.或Yes,I'mafraidso.如对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度,则说:No,Idon'tthink/supposeso.或No,Idon'tbelieveso.或No,Ibelieve/supposenot.或No,Ihopenot.或No,Iamafraidnot.又如,Doyoumind...?常用于表达请求对方允许。如果同意,则用No,goahead.或No,ofcoursenot.或No,notatall.等来回答;如果不同意,可用I'msorryIdo.来回答。例如:-Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.-Why________?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.(NMET2003)A.himB.heC.ID.me[D]析:D为最佳答案。此题为口语用法省略句。相当于Whydoyouaskmetocleantheyard?[考例]-Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?-________.(NMET1994)A.Idon'tbelieveB.Idon'tbelieveitC.IbelievenotsoD.Ibelievenot[D]二、高考与交际英语英语是一门知识，但它首选是一种工具，是供人们交流使用的。不过，由于种种原因，在中学英语教学中英语在很大程度上是被当作知识而进行教学的。近几年高考题中交际英语已占有相当的比例，这无疑是一个信号。它向人们警示：语言教学应当注重交际活动。当然，在交际英语常用语中无疑也包含着对知识（语法、词汇等）的考查。下面是近年高考题中有关交际英语的题例，按年份列出供同学们学习、思考。1．NMET’911）_______foodyou’vecooked!A.HowaniceB.WhataniceC.HowniceD.Whatnice2)——Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?——Notyet.Therooms_______.A.arebeingpaintingB.arepaintingC.arepaintedD.arebeingpainted3)——Thelightintheofficeisstillon.——Oh,Iforgot_______.A.turningitoffB.turnitoffC.toturnitoffD.havingturneditoff4)——DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?——Idon’tknow,_______.A.nordon’tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon’tcarealso2.MET’92:5)——Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?——Which_______doyourself?A.doyouratherB.wouldyouratherC.willyouratherD.shouldyourather6)——Iusuallygotherebytrain.——Whynot_______byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing7)——Hello.MayIspeaktoZhaoHua?——Yes,_______.A.Myname’sZhaoHua.B.I’mZhaoHua.C.ThisisZhaoHuaspeaking.D.ZhaoHua’sme.8)——Haveaniceweekend!——_______.A.Thesametoyou.B.Youdotoo.C.Thesameasyou.D.Youhaveittoo.9)——WillyougivethismessagetoMrWhite,please?——Sorry,Ican’t.He_______.A.doesn’tanymore