高考英语词汇综合练及祥解2.

第二部分高考英语词汇综合练及祥解•51.Theworkmenmadesomuch_____thatMrs.Walkerhadtospendthreedayscleaningupafterwards.•A.troubleB.damage•C.messD.nuisance•[答案]C.mess.•[注释]makemess弄得乱七八糟。Makeamessof“把......弄得乱七八糟”：Hemadeamessofhiswork.(他把他的工作搞得乱七八糟。)•52.Theyhaveheldseveralmeetingsto_____nextyear'sproductionplans.•A.setdownB.makeout•C.workupD.drawup•[答案]D.drawup.本题译文,他们已开过几次会议来起草明年得生产计划。•53.Howcanwegetthislanguagepoint_____tothestudents.•A.downB.roundC.acrossD.into•[答案]C.across.•本题译文,我们怎样才能把这个语言点向学生讲清楚？•54.Thisbookgivesabrief_____ofthehistoryofthecastleanddetailsoftheartcollectioninthemainhall.•A.outlineB.reference•C.articleD.outlook•[答案]A.outline.•[注释]outline轮廓,概要;giveanoutlineofsth.概要说明某事。•55.Dresswarmly,_____you'llcatchcold.•A.onthecontraryB.orrather•C.orelseD.innoway•[答案]C.orelse.•[注释]orelse(=otherwise;ifnot)否则：Hurryup,or(else)you'llbelate.•56.Kate'sambitiontobecomeanurse_____fromadesiretohelpothers.•A.promptedB.promotedC.programmedD.proceeded•[答案]D.proceeded.•[注释]proceedform(=ariseform)来自;由......产生：1)Cloudsofsmokeproceededformthechimney.(从烟囱里升起缕缕浓烟。)2)Thisproceededfromignorance.(这是出于无知。)•[注意]proceed的其他用法：(=goon[todosth.];continue)接着(做某事);•继续进行;1)Heproceededtogivemeavividdescriptionofthemountainousscenerythere.(他接着给我栩栩如生地描述那里的山区景色。)2)接介词with;Nowpleaseproceedwithyourstory.(现在请你接着将下去。)3)接介词to:Wewillnowproceedtothenextbusiness.(我们现在将接着干下面的一件事。)4)准备取得(某种学位)：HewillproceedtothedegreeofM.A.thisyear.(他准备今年取得文科硕士学位。)•本题译文：凯特想当护士的志向出自于帮助他人的愿望。•57.Theislandwheretheserarebirdsnesthasbeendeclareda_____.•A.observationB.reservation•C.preservationD.conservation•[答案]D.conservation.•[注释]conservation保存(自然资源等)theconservationofsoilandwater水土保持;thelawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律。observation观察;reservation(旅馆房间、戏院座位等的)预定;保留(意见);[美]保留地：1)Haveyoumakeyourreservations?(你预定了没有？)2)Iwillacceptthesuggestionwithoutreservation.(我将毫无保留地接受这项建议。)3)ThegovernmenthassetapartIndianreservations.(政府已经划出印地安人保留地。)preservation保存Wemuststriveforthepreservationofournaturalresources.(我们必须努力保护自然资源)•conservation,preservation,reservation从汉语概念出发时很容易混淆。Conservation是动词conserve派生的名词,与原来动词的意义相同,表示保持、保存”时,强调“珍惜、节用。Preservation是动词preserve派生的名词,强调“收藏、保存”使之完好无损或质量不变;常与食品、博物馆收藏的展品等词搭配。Reservation主要指意见、看法等的“保留”;作“保留地”解时,尤指美国印地安人保留地或澳大利亚土著民族保留地。本题指自然生态的保持,用conservation最切题。•本题译文：这个珍禽巢居的岛已宣布为自然保护区。•58.AlthoughJohnwastheeldestinthefamily,healwayslethissister_____chargeofthehouse.•A.takeB.holdC.makeD.get•[答案]A.take.•[注释]takechargeof(=tobeorbecomeresponsibleforsb.orsth.)负责、掌管、看管;Hetookchargeofthedepartment(orthechildren).•59.Thechildenjoyed_____upthewoodenbricksthenknockingthemdown.•A.addingB.pushing•C.pilingD.forming•[答案]C.piling.•[注释]pileup(=layinapileorasifinapile)把......放成一堆,堆积：pileupthebooksonthetable(把书堆在桌子上)。Pileup作不及物动词用,意为“积压;(若干汽车)相撞”：1)Perishablegoodsarepilingupatthedocks.(码头上易腐烂的货物堆积如山。)2)Severalcarspiledupafterignoringthefogwarningonthemotorway.(由于无视高速公路上的大雾警告,有好几辆汽车相撞。)•60.Johnwasveryupsetbecausehewas_____bythepolicewithbreakingthelaw.•A.accusedB.arrestedC.sentencedD.charged•[答案]D.charged.•[注释]bechargedwith受指控犯有......;Hewaschargedwithmurder.(他受指控犯有凶杀罪。)•61.Itisn'tquite_____thathewillbepresentatthemeeting.•A.sureB.rightC.exactD.certain•[答案]D.certain.•[注释]Iamsurethat+从句。Heissuretocome.=Heiscertaintocome.但在it作形式主语,that引导主语从句时,主句中表语只能用certain,不能用sure.•62.Manynew_____willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.•A.opportunitiesB.realities•C.necessitiesD.probabilities•[答案]A.opportunities.•[注释]opportunity常指“(难得的应抓住的)机会”,既可作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词用,如：Ihadfewopportunitiesofmeetinginterestingpeoplethere.Theyhadnotmuchopportunityforhearinggoodmusicintheremotearea.•63.Themembersoftheclubwouldn'truna_____inentrusting（委托）theorganizationtoanunreliableperson.•A.dangerB.risk•C.hazardD.chance•[答案]B.risk.•[注释]runarisk(in)冒险：Youarerunningabigriskintrustinghim.•本题译文：俱乐部成员不愿冒险把这个组织委托给一个不可靠的人管理。•64.Themeetingwas_____whenthechairmanfellill.•A.putdownB.shutout•C.cutshortD.takenoff•[答案]C.cutshort.•[注释]cutshort(=interrupt)打断,中断：1)Hemadeasuggestion,butIcuthimshort.(他提了个建议,但我打断了他。)2)Hecutshorthistourandreturnedhome.(他中断旅行,回家了。)shutoff(=cutoff,interrupt)切断,中断;由指切断供应等,如：Thewaterwasshutoffforseveralhourswhiletheplumberrepaired•thepipes.Shutout(=keepout;exclude;preventformentering)把......关在外面,排除,不让入内：1)Heshutthecatout.(他把猫关在外面。)2)Thelawwasdesignedtoshutoutimmigrants.(这项法律旨在拒绝移民入竟。)3)Theyshutoutthedustbyhavingdoublewindows.(他们用双层窗户防尘。)4)TheybegintospeakFrench,shuttingouttheboyfromtheirconversation.(他们讲起法语来,使这个男孩无法参加他们的谈话。)•65.Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough_____forhisorganizingability.•A.scopeB.space•C.capacityD.range•[答案]A.scope.•[注释]本题中scope(=opportunity;outlet)施展机会,发展余地,是不可数名词,如：Givesomeonescopetoshowhisability.Range意指“变动范围;视听范围;理解范围”,如：therangeofprices(价格变动范围).•66.Ijustmanagedto_____aquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.•A.snatchB.scratch•C.scrapeD.scan•[答案]A.snatch.•[注释]snatch的原义是“攫取;抓住;夺得”。本题中snatch意指“匆忙间设法得到”,如：Hesnatchedanhourofsleep.(他匆匆睡了一小时觉。)snatchaquickbreath(匆忙猛吸了一口气)。•67.Mybrotherlikeseatingverymuchbutheisn'tvery_____aboutthefoodheeats.•A.specialB.peculi