并励直流电动机的基本控制线路

课题十并励直流电动机的基本控制线路直流电动机具有启动转矩大、调速范围广、调速精度高、能够实现无级平滑调速以及可以频繁启动等一系列优点。高精度切削机床轧钢机造纸机龙门刨床外型图内部接线图一、启动控制线路1.手动启动控制线路BQ3直流电动机启动变阻器外形图并励直流电动机手动启动控制电路图0~5-分段静触头6-电磁铁7-弧形铜条QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM12.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路IMR1KM1KT2KM3电路分析KT2QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IMR1KM1KT2KM3合上电源开关QS，励磁绕组得电，KA1线圈得电，KT1,KT2线圈得电KT22.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IMR1KM1KT2KM3启动:按下SB1KM1线圈得电，KM1触头闭合,电动机串联电阻启动，KM1动断触头断开，KT1,KT2线圈失电KT22.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IMR1KM1KT2KM3继续启动:KT1经过整定时间，KT1动断触头延时闭合,KM2线圈得电KM2触头闭合，电动机串联R2继续启动KT22.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路QFKT1KT1KM1KM2L+KM2LKM1SB2KA1KA2SB1KA2KA1IKM1KM1KM3R2KM1IMR1KM1KT2KM3KT2经过整定时间KT2动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除全部电阻电动机全速运行KT22.电枢回路串电阻二级启动控制线路二、正反转控制线路直流电动机实现正反转有电枢绕组反接法和励磁绕组反接法两种。KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KM3KM1KM2KAL+L-KTKAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MR并励直流电机正反转控制线路I＜QFKM2KM1电路分析KM2KM1KM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MR并励直流电机正反转控制线路I＜KM2KM1正转启动:合上QF励磁绕组得电励磁线圈KA得电，动合触头闭合KT线圈得电，延时闭合瞬时断开触头断开KM2KM1L+L-QFKM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1按下SB1KM1线圈得电，KM1触头动作电动机串联电阻正转起动KT线圈失电KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1KT经过整定时间KT动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除电阻电动机全速运行KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1停:按下SB3KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1反转启动:合上QF励磁绕组得电励磁线圈KA得电，动合触头闭合KT线圈得电，延时闭合瞬时断开触头断开KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1按下SB2KM2线圈得电，KM2触头动作电动机串联电阻反转起动KT线圈失电KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKTKM3KM2KM2KM1SB2KM2KAKM2SB3KM1SB1KTKM1KM1MRI＜KM2KM1KT经过整定时间KT动断触头延时闭合,KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除电阻电动机全速运行KM2KM1L+L-QF并励直流电机正反转控制线路KM3KM1KM2KAKT能耗制动是指保持直流电动机的励磁电流不变，将电枢绕组的电源切除后，立即使其与制动电阻连接成闭合回路，电枢凭惯性处于发电运行状态，将动能转化为电能并消耗在电枢回路中，同时获得制动力矩，迫使电动机迅速停转。１.能耗制动控制线路三、制动控制线路L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L电路组成分析L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L合上QFL+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L按下SB1L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKT1瞬时断开延时闭合触头闭合L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKT2瞬时断开延时闭合触头闭合L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L按下SB2L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1LKV闭合KM2线圈得电KM2闭合能耗制动开始L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L速度减小到一定值时,KV分断L+KVQFKM2KAKA1VRKM1KM2KM1KM1KT1RBSB1KM1KT2KT1并励直流电动机能耗制动原理IKM3SB2KM1KM1RBKAMU＜KM4KM4KM3KT2R1R2AKM1L电动机停转２.反接制动控制线路直流电动机的反接制动，通常是通过改变电枢两端电压极性或改变励磁电流的方向来改变电磁转矩的方向，形成制动转矩，从而迫使电动机迅速停转。L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2L电路组成分析MKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM4KM5KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2L合上QFMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2L按下SB1KM1线圈得电MKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LKM1触头动作电动机串联全部电阻启动MKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KT1经过整定时间KT1动断触头延时闭合,KM6线圈得电KM6触头闭合电动机串联R2继续启动KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KV线圈升高到一定值KV触头闭合电动机串联R2继续启动KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KT2经过整定时间KT2动断触头延时闭合,KM7线圈得电KM7触头闭合切除全部电阻电动机继续启动全速运行KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2按下SB3KM1线圈失电KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM1触头动作KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM3线圈得电KM3触头动作SB3动合触头闭合KM2线圈得电KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2KM2触头动作电动机串联电阻反接制动KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2电动机转速降低到一定值时KV触头断开电动机停转KM4KM5L+KVQFKM2KAKM1KM2KM5KM3KT1SB2KT2KT1IKM3KM1KM4KT2LMKASB3SB1KM1KM4KM2KM5KM3KM2KM2KM1KVKM1KM1KM2KM1KM2KM1KM2KM6KM7KM3KM6KM7RBR1R2电动机转速降低到一定值