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第1页共9页英文写作“四步走”由于时间限制,高考时一般在15分钟左右必须完成英语作文。高考的英语作文步骤如下:1)作文动笔之前一般都要先打腹稿。在确立中心上,运用材料上,篇章结构上,充分酝酿。2)考虑好想写多少句子,该用哪些动词和词组等。3)边写边思考内容的连贯性,语言和句子的准确性。4)写完后一定要再细看一遍。作文句式的多变性——恰当使用复杂句型(一)改变时态例:Thebellisringingnow.(一般)Theregoesthebell!(高级)(二)改变语态例:Peoplesuggestthattheconferencebeputoff.(一般)Itissuggestedthattheconferencebeputoff.(高级)(三)使用不定式例:Heissokindthathecanhelpme.(一般)Heissokindastohelpme.(高级)(四)使用过去分词例:①Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(一般)Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.(高级)②Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(一般)Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(高级)(五)使用V-ing形式例:①Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.(一般)Onarriving/hisarrival,pleasegivemeane-mail.(高级)②Iftheweatherpermits,I’llcometomorrow.(一般)I’llcometomorrow,weatherpermitting.(高级)③Youworkhard.Youwillsucceed.(一般)Workinghard,youwillsucceed.(高级)(六)使用名词性从句例:①Itdisappointedeverybodythathedidn’tturnup.(一般)Thefactthathedidn’tturnupdisappointedeverybody.(高级)②Ihappenedtohavemethim.(一般)IthappenedthatIhadmethim.(高级)③Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(一般)Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(高级)(七)使用定语从句例:Thegirlisspokenhighlyof.Hercompositionwaswellwritten.(一般)Thegirlwhosecompositionwaswellwrittenisspokenhighlyof.(高级)(八)使用状语从句例:①Iwon’tbelievewhathesays.(一般)Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelieve.(高级)②Ifyoucomebackbeforesixo’clock,youcangoout.(一般)Youcangooutonconditionthat(providedthat)youcomebackbeforeSixo’clock.(高级)第2页共9页③Ifshedoesn’tagree,whatshallwedo?(一般)Supposingthatshedoesn’tagree,whatshallwedo?(高级)(九)使用虚拟语气(十)倒装句(1)虚拟语气中if省略(2)only+状语置于句首(3)否定词置于句首(4)地点副词置于句首(十一)强调句型Itis……that(who)…(十二)固定句型结构要使用高等级词汇及短语(一)使用高等级词汇(二)使用短语(三)使用谚语(四)使用表强调的词,如alone,just,single,only,not…atall,ontheearth,thevery,onearth等(五)使用修辞手法:明喻,暗喻,夸张,头韵,拟人等asbusyasabee,asproudasapeacock,asblindasabat1.Themancan'tbetrusted.Heisasslipperyasaneel.那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。2.Hejumpedasifhehadbeenstung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。3.Childhoodislikeaswiftlypassingdream.童年就像一场疾逝的梦。4.Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.读书使人充实;交谈使人机智;写作使人精确。(六)使用连接词,过渡自然,连贯通顺,一气呵成,巧用连接词,过渡词:(1)表并列关系(2)表递进关系(3)表转折对比(4)表原因(5)表结果(6)表条件(7)表时间(8)表特定的顺序关系(9)表换一种方式表达(10)表进行举例说明(11)表陈述事实(12)表强调的过渡词(13)表比较(14)表目的(15)表总结的过渡词(七)“特殊”的英语连词由动词转化成的连词1.suppose(如果,假使)引导条件状语从句。例如:Supposeitrains,whatshallwedo?如果天下雨,我们该怎么办?2.save(除了,只是)引导状语从句,表示伴随状况。例如:Asimilartimetablehasbeenused,savethatthemorningbreakisshorter.已经采用了差不多相同的时间表,只是早上的休息时间缩短了。由分词转化成的连词:这类连词有两种:一种是由现在分词转化成的连词,另一种是由过去分词转化成的连词。1.现在分词由现在分词转化成的连词有:seeing(考虑到)supposing(即使,如果)providing(如果)granting(即使)saving(除了,除非)assuming(假使)admitting(虽说,即使)presuming(假定,假使)considering(考虑到)(1)Hecanstayhereprovidingheworks.如果他工作的话,他可以留在这儿。(2)Supposingthatyou'vemadesomeprogress,youshouldnotbeproud.假定你有了一些进步,你也不应该骄傲自大。第3页共9页(3)Consideringtheyarenewcomers,they'vedoneverywell.考虑到他们是新来的,他们已经做得很好了。2.过去分词由过去分词转化成的连词有:provided(如果……的话;以……为条件),granted(假定;即使)given(就……而言)(1)Youmaygo,providedyourworkisdone.如果你的工作做完了,你就可以走了。(2)Grantedthathehasenoughmoneytobuythehouse,itdoesn'tmeanhe'sgoingtodoso.即使他有足够的钱来买这栋房子,他也不一定会这么做。由副词转化成的连词directly,instantly,immediately,constantly均表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:(1)DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.我刚做完这件事,就知道出错了。(2)IcameimmediatelyI'deaten.我一吃完就来了。(3)ItelegraphedinstantlyIarrivedthere.我一到了那里就打电报。由名词转化成的连词由名词转化过来的连词,前面一般都有定冠词。1.themoment,theinstant,theminute这几个词组都表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:(1)Iwillmeetyoutheinstantyouarrive.你一到我就去见你。(2)Themomentyouleave,pleasetellme.你一动身就请告诉我。2.thefirst(或second,next,last)time(或moment)表示“在某一次……的时候”,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:IlikedherthefirsttimeImether.第一次见到她时我就喜欢上了她。由介词短语转化成的关联连词由介词短语转化成的关联连词很多,而且还在不断增加。常见的有forfearthat(唯恐),incasethat(假使),inorderthat(为了),onconditionthat(如果),withtheresultthat(结果)等,可用来引导条件、目的或结果状语从句。例如:(1)Hehurriedhomeforfearthathemightmisshisguests.他急忙赶回家,唯恐见不到他的客人。(2)IncaseI'mlate,startwithoutme.如果我来晚了,你们不必等我。(3)IwasinthebathwiththeresultthatIdidn'thearthetelephone.我正在浴室里洗澡,结果没有听见电话铃响。(4)Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimetoattendtheopeningceremony.为了能及时参加开幕典礼,他们乘飞机到了那里。文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成,在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头,“承”是承接,“转”是转折,“合”是综合或总结。第4页共9页(1)用于“启”的过渡词语用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头:first,firstofall,atfirst,inthefirstplace,firstly,tobeingwith,tostartwith,recently,now,atpresent,inrecentyears,ingeneral,generallyspeaking,atpresent,lately,currently,Itisoftensaidthat…,Astheproverbsays…,Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…,Itisclear/obviousthat…,Manypeopleoftenask…(2)用于“承”的过渡词语表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中:second,similarly,inaddition,besides,then,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,whatisworse,forexample,forinstance,certainly,surely,obviously,inotherwords,especially,particularly,inparticular,indeed,still,third,truly,infact,atthesametime,nodoubt,Itistruethat…,Everybodyknowsthat…,Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat…,Noonecandenythat…Thereasonwhy…isthat…,Thereisnodoubtthat…,Totake…foranexample(instance)…,Weknowthat…,Whatismoreseriousisthat…(3)用于“转”的过渡词语用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中:but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,inanycase,atanyrate(无论如何),otherwise,or,orelse,while,whereas,but,despite,inspiteof
本文标题:高中英语书面表达写作训练步骤
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