金融英语视听说_第三章听力原文及答案

Unit3ShortDialoguesTask1MultipleChoiceScripts&AnswersDialog1M:Hi,Xiaohong.ThereisnewsaboutbankruptciesofsomeU.S.banks.Itseemsthebanksaresubjecttosomerisksintheiroperation.W:Yes.Excessiveinterestrateriskcanposeasignificantthreattoabank’searningsandcapitalbase.M:Doyouknowtheexactmeaningoftheinterestraterisk?W:Itisdifficulttoexplainitinafewwords.Letmesee,eh…Generallyspeaking,interestrateriskistheriskarisingfromthechangeinvalueofaninterest-bearingasset,suchasaloanorabond,duetofluctuationininterestrates.Asratesrise,thepriceofafixedratebondwillfall.Asratesfall,thepriceofthebondwillrise.M:Sothetaskofcontrolovertheinterestrateriskwouldbecriticaltobanks,becausethechangeininterestrateswillaffectthevalueofabank’sinterest-bearingassets.W:Right,butsometimesitisbeyondthecontrolofonebank.Question:Whatisusuallyconsideredthecauseofinterestrateriskaccordingtothewoman?(D)译文男：嗨，晓红。有些关于美国银行破产的新闻。银行的经营似乎容易受到某些风险的影响。女：是。过度的利率风险会威胁到银行的收益和资本基础。男：你知道利率风险的准确含义吗？女：几句话很难说清楚。让我想想，嗯⋯⋯。一般来说，利率风险产生于附息资产，如贷款或债券的价格变化，其价格因利率的上下浮动而变化。当利率上升时，固定利率债券的价格就下跌。当利率下跌时，这些债券的价格就上涨。男：所以对于银行来说，控制利率风险的任务是至关重要的，因为利率的变化会影响到银行的附息资产的价值。女：对。但有时不是一家银行可以控制局面的。Dialog2M:ProfessorWang,wouldyoutellmewhatwouldhappenifabankhadinadequateliquidity?W:Therewillbedireconsequences,Ithink.Youknowthatliquidityisaprimeconcerninbankingoperationandashortageofliquidityhasoftenbeenatriggerforbankfailures.However,holdingassetsinahighlyliquidformtendstoreducetheincomefromthatasset.M:Itisknownthatcashisthemostliquidasset.W:Exactly.Cashisliquidbutpaysnointerest.Sobanksusuallytrytoreduceliquidassetsasfaraspossible.Withoutsufficientliquiditytomeetthedemandsoftheirdepositors,nevertheless,abankwouldexperiencetheriskofabankrun.Question:Whichofthefollowingisthekeyreasonthatliquidityisaprimeconcerninbankingoperationaccordingtotheconversation?(B)译文男：王教授，请问假如银行流动资产不足，会怎么样呢？女：我认为后果会很严重。你知道资产变现能力是银行经营重点关注的问题，流动资产匮乏往往是银行倒闭的导火索。但是，持有流动性过高的资产可能减少资产的收入。男：众所周知，现金是流动性最高的资产。女：确实如此。现金的流动性高但不获利。所以银行会尽可能地减少流动资产的持有量。但是，如果银行没有足够的流动资产去满足储户的要求，就会遭受储户挤兑的风险。Dialog3M:Lin,ourteachertoldustodaythatalltheloansmadebyacommercialbankwillbeclassifiedintofivecatalogs:normal,observational,inferior,questionable,andlosing.Now,Iwanttoknowhowtodeterminewhichcatalogoneloangoesto.Wouldyoutellmeaboutit?W:Well,itisnotaneasyjob.Butitisnecessaryforthecreditriskanalysis.AsfarasIknow,thecreditriskclassificationismadeaccordingtotherepaymentcapacityoftheborrower.Ifaloanisclassifiedasinferior,questionableorlosing,itissaidtobeabadloan.Thebankwillberequiredtopreparebadloanreserveandthebankingregulatorswilldosomethingfortheloan.M:Iseethatitisameasuretopreventcreditrisk.Question:Whatisimpliedifaloanisclassifiedasanobservationalone?(D)译文男：林，老师今天告诉我们说商业银行的贷款都会分为五类：正常、关注、次级、可疑和损失。现在我想知道如何确定一笔贷款的类别。你能给我讲讲吗？女：哦，这不是个简单的事情。但对于信用风险分析是必要的。据我所知，信用风险分类是按照借款人的还款能力确定的。假如一笔贷款被确定为次级、可疑或损失，那么就属于不良贷款。银行就要预备一笔不良贷款准备金，银行管理人员就有事可做了。男：我知道，这是防范信用风险的措施。Dialog4M:Diana,whatdoyouthinkofthesubprimemessintheUnitedStates?W:I’veheardofthewordhundredsoftimesthesedays.AsfarasIknow,itisoneofthehugeriskscausedbyhedgefunds,andtheconflictsofinteresthaveledalotofbanksandcompanies,especiallyinvestmentbanksintotrouble.Theyarealltheconsequencesoffinancialderegulation.Somepeoplecommentedthattheywouldreversefieldintimetopreventanother1929.M:Someeconomicstrategyhasattractedalotofcriticismrecently.Theyhavecomeintoforceinthenameoffree-marketefficiency.Peoplecriticizedthatsomepolicieshavereplacedrealproductiveinnovationwithfinancialengineeringandshiftedwealthfromfamiliestocorporations,andputtheentireAmericaneconomyatevergreaterrisk.Question:Whataretheytalkingabout?(B)译文男：黛安娜，对于美国的次贷危机你怎么看？女：这些天我已经数百次听到这个词了。据我所知，这是对冲基金惹的一场大祸。各种利益的冲突导致许多银行和企业，尤其是投资银行陷入困境。这是撤销金融管制产生的后果。有人评论说他们将及时调整方向，以免重复1929年的悲剧。男：最近有些经济战略受到许多批评。这些政策是以提高自由市场效率的名义实施的。有人批评说某些政策用金融操控手段取代了真正富有成效的革新，把财富从家庭转移到公司，从而使整个美国经济处于高度风险之中。Task2ShortAnswerQuestionsScripts&AnswersDialog1M:Goodnews,guys.I’vegotmyloanproposalgranted.W:Congratulations.Butbesurethatyoucangetenoughmoneytorepaytheloanwhenitisdue.M:WhatwillhappenifIcouldnotrepaytheloan?W:Thebankwillsellyourmortgagedhouseandthepaymentwillbeusedtorepaytheloan.M:Oh,itisterrible.I’llofcourserepayitontimebecauseIhaveaveryrationalrepaymentplanandagoodjob.Question:Whatwillhappenifaborrowercouldnotrepaytheloantothelendingbank?Thebankwillsellthemortgagedhouseandthepaymentwillbeusedtorepaytheloan.译文男：好消息，伙计们。我的贷款申请通过了。女：祝贺你。但你要保证你有足够的钱偿还到期贷款。男：如果还不上会怎么样？女：银行会把你抵押的房子卖掉，所得的房款用来归还贷款。男：哦，太可怕了。我肯定会按时还款，因为我有很合理的还款计划和很好的工作。Dialog2W:Hey,doyoumemberthattheteachertoldusthatthereare5Pstobeconsideredwhilehandlingaloanproposal?M:Yes,theyarecriticalfactorsforamanagerofthecreditdepartmenttomakecorrectassessmentofthecreditrisks.W:Whatarethe5Ps?People,Purpose,Payment,and…?M:AndProtectionandPerspective.W:Right.ItiseasytogetthemeaningofthefirstthreePs,butthelasttwoPsaredifficulttounderstand.Question:Whatarethe5Ps?People,Purpose,Payment,ProtectionandPerspective.译文女：嗨，你记得老师说过收到贷款申请后，必须考虑5个P么？男：对。这是信贷部经理进行正确的信贷风险评估时要考虑的关键因素。女：什么是5个P?借款人、借款用途、还款计划、还有⋯⋯？男：还有还款保障和还款风险预测。女：对了。前3个P很容易理解，后两个比较费解。Dialog3W:Excuseme,w