william-shakespeare英文介绍

WilliamShakespeare1564-1616Born:WilliamShakespearewasthesonofJohnShakespearewhowasawell-to-dotraderinwoolandleathernarticles,andMaryArden,thedaughterofanaffluentlandowningfarmer.HewasborninStratford-upon-Avonandbaptisedthereon26April1564.Hisactualbirthdateremainsunknown,butistraditionallyobservedon23April.Birthplace:WarwickshireWhenhewas14,hisfatherfellintodebt,andtheboyleftschoolandhelpedsupporthisfamilly.Marry:Attheageof18,Shakespearemarriedthe26-year-oldAnneHathaway.AndsixmonthsafterthemarriageAnnegavebirthtoadaughter,Susanna.Twins,sonHamnetanddaughterJudith,followedalmosttwoyearslaterin1585.AfterwardsShakespearehadlivedinLondonaloneforyears,andfinallycamebackin1614,twoyearsbeforehisdeath.However,hiswifehadlivedintheirhometownallthetime.Papa~~~Mama~~相似：1，长相，timetraveler?2,舒尔曼(AdamShulman)毕业于布朗大学，在2003年获得戏剧学士学位。3,亚当·舒尔曼在影视圈中工作了几年之后，转型成为了一名珠宝设计师，并在2011年11月底，把自己亲手设计的钻戒带在了未婚妻，安妮海瑟薇的手上。美国时间2012年9月29日，29岁的安妮·海瑟薇)与31岁的电影制作人亚当·舒尔曼在加州大苏尔的Coastal镇上举行了婚礼LifeinLondon:ShakespearearrivedinLondonin1586or1587,andatthattimethedramawasgettingmoreandmorepopular.Hehadgonethroughmanyhardshipsandundertakenmanyoddjobsbeforeheknewsometheatricalcompanies.Thenhebecameanactorofsomedramatictroupe,andlearnedmuchofthetechniqueofdramaticartfromhispersonalexperiencewiththestage.From1594onwards,hebelongstothetheatrebythepalaceministerasylum（庇护处，圣所）,called”intheLordChamberlain’smen”.From1603,theaccessionofJamesI,histroupe(表演团)called”thekingofferedTheatre”.HeandhisgroupofactorswereappointedRoyalretainers.ThenShakespeare’sworkswereknownbymanypeople.LiterarycreationFromabout1590to1612,hewrote37plays,twolongpoem”VenusandAdonis”（维纳斯与阿多尼斯）and“therapeofLucrece”,(鲁克丽丝受辱记)and154sonnets.Mostofhisplaysbasedonhistoricalrecords,novels,folkloreandtheoldopera.Theyreflectedthehistoricalrealityofthetransitionfromthefeudalsocietytothecapitalistsociety,andpromotedthehumanitarianismandtheideaofhumannature.TheFirstPeriod（1590-1600)ComedyHistoricaldrama1590亨利六世中下篇TheSecondandtheThirdPartofKingHenryVI1591亨利六世上篇修订TheFirstPartofKingHenryVI1592理查三世TheLifeandDeathofKingRichardIII错误的喜剧ThecomedyofErrors1953泰斯特安德罗尼斯克TitusAndronicus驯悍记TheTamingoftheShrew1594爱的徒劳Love‘slabor'slost罗密欧与朱丽叶RomeoandJuliet1595理查二世TheLifeandDeathofKingRichardII仲夏夜之梦Amidsummernight’sdream1596约翰王TheLifeandDeathofKingJohn威尼斯商人TheMerchantofVenice1597亨利四世KingHenryIV1598无事生非Muchadoaboutnothing温莎的风流娘们儿TheMerryWivesofWindsor亨利五世TheLifeofKingHenryV1599皆大欢喜AsYouLikeit1600第十二夜TwelfthnightTheSecondPeriod(1601-1608)Tragedy1601哈姆雷特Hamlet1602特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达TroilusandCressida终成眷属All’sWellThatEndsWell1604一报还一报MeasureforMeasure奥赛罗Othello1605李尔王KingLear麦克白ThetragedyofMacbeth1606安东尼与克里奥佩特拉AntonyandCleopatra1607克里奥兰纳斯TheTragedyofCoriolanus雅典的泰门TimmonsofAthens1608泰尔亲王佩力克里斯PericlesTheThirdPeriod(1609-1612)reconciliation1609辛白林Cymbeline1610冬天的故事Thewinter’sTale1612暴风雨TheTempest亨利八世TheLifeofKingHenryVIIIDeath:Hereturnedtohisnativetownin1614,anddiedonApril23,theanniversaryofhisbirthin1616.HewasburiedinStrafordChurchInfluence•Shakespeare‘sworkhasmadealastingimpressiononlatertheatreandliterature.Inparticular,heexpandedthedramaticpotentialofcharacterization,plot,language,andgenre(流派).UntilRomeoandJuliet,forexample,romancehadnotbeenviewedasaworthytopicfortragedy.Soliloquies（独白）hadbeenusedmainlytoconveyinformationaboutcharactersorevents;butShakespeareusedthemtoexplorecharacters'minds.•InShakespeare'sday,Englishgrammar,spellingandpronunciationwerelessstandardizedthantheyarenow,andhisuseoflanguagehelpedshapemodernEnglish.SamuelJohnsonquotedhimmoreoftenthananyotherauthorinhisADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage,thefirstseriousworkofitstype.Expressionssuchaswithbatedbreath(MerchantofVenice)andaforegoneconclusion(Othello)havefoundtheirwayintoeverydayEnglishspeech.Well-knownSaying•Thecourseoftrueloveneverdidrunsmooth.真爱无坦途。——《仲夏夜之梦》•Loveisblindandloverscannotseetheprettyfolliesthatthemselvescommit.爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到自己做的傻事。——《威尼斯商人》•Myonlylovesprungfrommyonlyhate!我唯一的爱来自我唯一的恨。——《罗密欧与朱丽叶》•Thereisnothingeithergoodorbad,butthinkingmakesitso.世上之事物本无善恶之分，思想使然。——《哈姆雷特》ShakespeareGlobeTheater(reconstruction)另：Poetry1592VenusandAdonis1952-1953therapeofLucreceSonnet1593-1598154sonnetsThispicturewasfoundinacollector’shouse,andhehasthoughtthatitwasawoman’sportraitsincehewasalittlekid.Besides,thename“Mrs.Norton”waswrotebehindthepicture.Onedayanartistsawitandtoldhimthatwasaman’sportrait.ThecollectormadesomeresearchandfoundhewasHenryWriothesley(亨利里奥谢思利;南安普顿伯爵二世).Theportraitwasfinishedaround1950,andduringthattime,Shakespearelivedinhishouse.Hewasthesupporter,thetheatrefanandtheloverofWilliamShakespeare.Itissaidthatthetwopoetriesandallthesonnetsweremadeforhim.•Hewasnotofanage,butforalltime.—BenJonson