中考时态复习

Fanny目标导航•1.学习掌握八种时态的构成，常用的时间状语以及用法（重点）•2.熟练综合运用所学习的八种时态。（难点）•3.能运用所学时态谈论自己的日常生活。时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态:一、一般现在时二、一般过去时三、现在进行时四、过去进行时五、现在完成时六、过去完成时七、一般将来时八、过去将来时最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在everyday,fromtimetotime,often,always…现在进行now,thesedays;always,constantly,again现在完成for+时间段,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,uptonow,inthepast/lastyears,already,recently一般过去yesterday,lastweek,theotherday,in1949,atthattime,once,afewdaysago,when…（表过去）过去进行atninelastnight,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastnight…when,while过去完成…before,by,uptill,when,after,hardly…when;nosooner…than一般将来nextFriday,tomorrow,intwoweeks,in2020…过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作一、一般现在时：概念：时间状语：基本结构：否定形式：一般疑问句：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况;客观真理。always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.①be动词；am/is/are②行为动词:动词原形、第三人称单数（do/does)①am/is/are+not;②don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+……①把be动词放于句首；②Do/Does+…+动词原形+…?也可表客观规律以及在时间，条件状语从句中表将来时（主将从现）特殊疑问举例：WhatdoyouoftendoonSundays?Wheredoeshelive?规则动词原形第三人称单数一般动词在词尾加-s,以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词或以o结尾的动词以辅音字母加y结尾的动词help,makeswim,getride,knowguess,fixteach,washclose,gofly,carry,studyhelps,makes,swims,knows,gets,rides.guesses,fixes,teaches,washes,closes,goes.flies,carries,studies.1)Healways_____(get）upearly.2)Maryoften______（do）someshoppingonSundays3)I’llgowithyouassoonasI_____（finish)myhomework.4)Ifhe_______(come)here,Iwilltellyou.5）Theearth________(move)roundthesun.6)Tomsometimes________(have)lunchatschool.7)Lilyusually________(fly)kitesonweekends.8)They________(be)neverlateforclass.9）Light_________(travel)fasterthansound.10)________Jim_________(speak)English？11）Iwon’tgotobeduntilmymother___(come)back.12）Sam__________(carry)waterforgrannyeveryday.travels二、一般过去时：概念：时间状语：基本结构：否定形式：一般疑问句：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.①be动词（was/were）；②行为动词:动词的过去式（did)①was/were+not;②didn’t+动词原形①was或were放于句首；②Did+…+动词原形……?特殊疑问句举例：Whatdidhedoyesterday?Whendidhegetupthismorning?动词-ed形式的构成：在动词后加-ed以字母e结尾的动词，只+d“辅音字母+y”，变y为i,再+ed重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写+edwantanswermovediecarrycrystopplanwantedmoveddiedcarriedcriedstoppedplannedansweredgotdranktookwentswamatecutwerehaddidcamesaidsawputgettakegoswimeatdrinkarehavedocomecutputsaysee•1.Theyagoodtimelastsummer.（have)•2.TheytothezoolastSunday.(go)•3.Theboysfootballyesterday.(play)•4.BettytohermotherlastSunday.(write)•5.Daminganemailtohisfriend.(send)•6.Lucyherejustnow.(be)•7.TheyClassOnelastyear.(be)•8.MrBlackusEnglishin2008.(teach)•9.WeTVlastnight.(watch)•10.IlearningEnglishwhenIwasten?(start)hadwentplayedwrotesentwasweretaughtwatchedstarted三、现在进行时：概念：时间状语：基本结构：否定形式：一般疑问句：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。now,atthistime,thesedays,look,listen,canyousee?Can’tyousee?之类的暗示语。am/is/are+doingam/is/are+not+doing.把be动词放于句首。Is/Are…+doingsth?特殊疑问举例：Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoisflyingakitethere?注意：go,come,leave，arrive,return,die等的进行时有时表示即将发生的动作。3、以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing。如：1、直接在动词原形后面加-ing。如：2、以e结尾的动词把e去掉加-ing。如：read–readingcook–cookingtalk–talkingwrite--writingmake--makingclose--closingrun--runningput--puttingswim--swimming双写加-ing的现在分词识记口诀:让我们停止游泳,放下跑步；letstopswimputrun开始坐下,别忘了购买得到。beginsitforgetshopget动词-ing形式的构成：4、以ie为重读音节结尾的词，先把ie变为y,再加-ing。lie——lyingdie-----dying•1.Thegirlhotdogs.（buy)•2.Theboysbicycles.(ride)•3.JimbehindAndy.(sit)•4.LinglingaphotoofEric.(take)•5.Thechildrenagreattimeinthepark.(have)•6.Mysisteranemailtoherfriendnow.(send)•7.HisbrotherTVatthemoment.(watch)•8.Look!Theboysonthebeachnow.(lie)•9.Listen!Thegirlsinthenextroom.(sing)•10.Pleasebequiet.MyGrandmanow.(sleep)isbuyingareridingissittingistakingarehavingissendingiswatchingarelyingaresingingissleepingWhatafinedaytoday!Look....四、过去进行时：概念：时间状语：基本结构：否定形式：一般疑问句：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。atthis/thattimeyesterday,atthattime,atsixyesterdayevening,fromeighto’clocktonineo’clocklastnight或以when/while引导的时间状语(①过去进行时+when+一般过去时②一般过去时+while+过去进行时③过去进行时+while+过去进行时)。was/were+doingwas/were+not+doing.把was或were放于句首。Was/Were…doing?特殊疑问句举例：Whatwereyoudongthistimeyesterday?Wherewashestandingwhentheteachercamein?What____you______(do)atninelastnight？It___________(rain)hardwhenIleftmyoffice.They__________(watch)TVwhenthelightswentout.doingwerewasrainingwerewatching五、现在完成时：概念：时间状语：基本结构：否定形式：一般疑问句：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,already,yet,never,ever,just,before,sofar,once,twiceetc.have/has+donehave/has+not+done.把have或has放于句首。反义疑问句：直接用has/have进行反问特殊疑问句举例：Whathaveyoudonerecently?HowlonghashelivedinBeijing?注意：1).havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin的区别havebeento+地点表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。havegoneto+地点表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。havebeenin+地点表示在某地待多长时间。（for…../since…..）2).与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。come/goto------beat/inleave----beawayfrombuy----haveborrow/lend-----keepopen---beopenclose---becloseddie---bedeadstart/begin----beonjoin—--bein/beamemberof/beasoldierbecome–bemakefriend---befriendgetup---beupfallasleep---beasleepreach/get/arrive---stay/be3).现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧