雅思真题集20130302阅读篇

朗阁海外考试研究中心ResearchAcademyforForeignLanguageExaminations雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心王飞燕考试日期：2013年3月2日ReadingPassage1Title:NewEnergyinUSAQuestiontypes:True/False/NotGiven;FlowChart;ShortAnswerQuestions文章内容回顾美国的一种新能源，关于从玉米中提取乙醇为燃料。20060708旧文英文原文阅读Ethanolisalsocalledethylalcoholorgrainalcohol.It'smadefromafermentedmixtureofcorn,yeast,sugar,andwater.Theresultingalcoholis100to200proof(200proofispurealcohol).Inadditiontouseinthelab,ethanolisapopularfuelalternativeandgasolineadditive.Becauseitisflammable,ethanolcanbeprohibitivelyexpensivetoship,soitmaymakesensetodistillyourown.Anyonecanhaveastill,butbeadvisedyoumayneedtogetapermitinordertomakeethanol.Difficulty:EasyTimeRequired:3-10days,sometimeslongerHere'sHow:Ifyouarestartingwithwholecorn,youfirstneedtoconvertthecornstarchintosugarby'sprouting'thecorn.Placethecorninacontainer,coveritwithwarmwater,anddrapeaclothoverthecontainertopreventcontaminationandconserveheat.Ideally,thecontainerwillhaveaslowlydrainingholeatthebottom.Addwarmwaterfromtimetotimeastheliquidlevelfalls.Maintainthesetup~3daysoruntilthecornhassproutsabout2incheslong.Allowthesproutedcorntodry.Thengrinditintomeal.Alternatively,startwithcornmeal.Othergrainscanbepreparedinmuchthesameway(e.g.ryemash).Mashormushismadebyaddingboilingwatertothecornmeal.Themashiskeptwarmtostartthefermentationprocess.Yeastisadded,ifavailable(halfpoundyeastper50gallonsofmash,forexample),andsugar(variablerecipe).Withyeast,fermentationtakesabout3days.Withoutyeast,fermentationcouldrequiremorethan10days.Themashisreadyto'run'onceitstopsbubbling.Themashhasbeenconvertedintocarbonicacidandalcohol.Itiscalled'wash'or'beer'or'sourmash'.Thewashisplacedintoacooker,whichhasalidthatispastedshut,朗阁海外考试研究中心ResearchAcademyforForeignLanguageExaminationssothatithasasealwhichcanbeblownoffshouldinternalpressurebecometoogreat.Atthetopofthecooker,thereisacopperpipe,or'arm'thatprojectstoonesideandtapersdownfroma4-5inchdiametertothesamediameterasthe'worm'(1to1-1/4inch).The'worm'couldbemadebytakinga20ftlengthofcoppertubing,fillingitwithsandandstoppingtheends,andthencoilingitaroundafencepost.Thesandpreventsthetubingfromkinkingwhilebeingcoiled.Oncethewormisformed,thesandisflushedoutofthetube.Thewormisplacedinabarrelandsealedtotheendofthearm.Thebarreliskeptfullofcold,runningwater,tocondensethealcohol.Waterrunsinthetopofthebarrelandoutanopeningatthebottom.Afireismaintainedunderthecookertovaporizethealcoholinthewash.Theethanolvaporizesat173°F,whichisthetargettemperatureforthemixture.Thespiritwillrisetothetopofthecooker,enterthearm,andwillbecooledtothecondensationpointintheworm.Theresultingliquidiscollectedattheendoftheworm,traditionallyintoglassjars.Thisfluidwillbetranslucent,andaboutthecolorofdarkbeer.Theveryfirstliquidcontainsvolatileoilcontaminantsinadditiontoalcohol.Afterthat,liquidiscollected.Thecontainersofliquidcollectedfromoverthewasharecalled'singlings'.Liquidcollectedtowardtheendofthisruniscalled'lowwine'.Lowwinecanbecollectedandreturnedtothestilltobecookedagain.Theinitialcollectionsarehigherproofthanthosecollectedasthedistillationprogresses.Thesinglingstendtohaveimpuritiesandrequiredouble-distillation,sooncethelowwinehasbeenruntothepointwhereatablespoonorsothrownonaflamewon'tburn(toolowproof),theheatisremovedfromthestillandthecookeriscleanedout.Theliquidremaininginthestill,the'backings'or'slop',canberecoveredandpouredovernewgrain(andsugar,water,andpossiblymalt)inamashbarrelforfuturedistillations.Discardmashafternomorethaneightuses.Thesinglingsarepouredintothecookerandthestillisreturnedtooperation.Theinitialcollectionscanapproachpurealcohol(200proof),withtheendcollections,usingtheflashtestontheflame,atabout10proof.Thedesiredproofdependsontheapplication.Thehighestproofusuallyobtainedfromastillis190proof.Forusingalcoholasafuelalternative,forexample,additionpurificationwithasievemayberequiredtoobtain200proofethanol.题型难度分析根据考试回忆本篇难度一般朗阁海外考试研究中心ResearchAcademyforForeignLanguageExaminations题型技巧分析是非无判断题是雅思阅读考试的经典题型，虽然今年的题量相对减少，但是仍是复习备考时应关注的题型。首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES,本篇是TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN解题步骤：1.速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only,most,each,any,every,thesameas等）2.排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。3.重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。NOTGIVEN原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文是否有提及。剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑4Test1Passage1剑5Test3Passage1ReadingPassage2Title:HungerinAfricaQuestiontypes:ListofHeadings(7);Summary;MultipleChoice文章内容回顾食物对非洲M地学生的影响，教育与食物的关系。提供食物给M地的学校后，其入学率与学生的考试通过率均提高了，而且还促进了孩子们的智力发育。20100710旧文英文原文阅读AppearancesinMaliaredeceptive.Thecountryisinthegripofafoodcrisis,yetfieldseithersideoftheroadheadingnorthfromthecapital,Bamako,arelushwithnewlygrowncropsofmaize,milletandokra.Mangotreesabound,alongsidebaobabs,valuedfortheirfruitpulp,whichmakesaporridgehighinvitaminC,aswellaskaritetrees–calledsheainEnglish–whichbearnutsprovidingcookingoil.Roadsidestallsboastbananas,guavasandaubergines,while,atintervals,fishermaninpiroguescanbeseenatworkonthebroad,dun-colouredwatersoftheRiverNigerorononeofitsmajortributaries,theBani.Butthefurtherone