2011届中考英语直接引语和间接引语专题复习7

直接引语与间接引语直接引语与间接引语（一）概念介绍：直接引语是直接引述别人的原话。间接引语是转述别人所说的话。eg.Hesaid,“Iamgladtohaveachancetotalkwithyou.”（直接引语）Hesaidthathewasgladtohaveachancetotalkwithme.（间接引语）（二）转换方法：A.直接引语是陈述句时，改成间接引语要作人称、时态、时间状语、地点状语、指示代词、动词、呼语等方面的变化。1.人称的变化，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。eg.Hesaid,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”他说：“我把我的书落在了你的房间。”Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinmyroom.他告诉我他把他的书落在了我的房间。Shesaid,“Hewillbebusy.”她说，“他将很忙。”Shesaidthathewouldbebusy.她说他将很忙。2.时态变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，若将直接引语变成间接引语，时态则有如下变化。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时（不变）一般将来时过去将来时eg.（1）Hesaid,“Iusuallydosportinthemorning.”他说，“我经常在早晨锻炼身体。”Hesaidthatheusuallydidsportinthemorning.他说他经常在早晨锻炼身体。（2）Tomtoldme,“Iamplayingcomputergamesnow.”汤姆告诉我，“我现在正在打电子游戏。”Tomtoldmethathewasplayingcomputergamesthen.汤姆告诉我他那时正在打电子游戏。（3）Shesaid,“Ihaveseentheinterestingfilm.”她说，“我已经看过那部有趣的电影了。”Shesaidthatshehadseentheinterestingfilm.她说她已经看过那部有趣的电影了。（4）Hetoldme,“ItravelledtoseveralAfricancountries.”他告诉我，“我去过非洲的好几个国家旅游。”HetoldmethathehadtravelledtoseveralAfricancountries.他告诉我他已去过非洲的好几个国家旅游。（5）Jacksaidtous,“Agroupofforeignerswillvisitourschool.”杰克对我们说，“一个外国访问团将来我校参观。”Jacktoldusthatagroupofforeignerswouldvisitourschool.杰克告诉我们一个外国访问团将来我校参观。3.时间状语的变化：（1）now→then（2）today→thatday（3）tonight→thatnight（4）thisweek→thatweek（5）yesterday→thedaybefore（6）yesterdayevening→theeveningbefore（7）lastweek→theweekbefore（8）threedaysago→threedaysbefore（9）tomorrow→thenext/followingday（10）tomorrowmorning→thenextmorning（11）nextweek→thenextweek（12）intwomonths→twomonthsafter（13）thedayaftertomorrow→twodayslatereg.（1）Theysaid,“wearehavinganexamnow.”他们说，“我们正在考试。”Theysaidthattheywerehaveanexamthen.他们说那时他们正在考试。（2）Johntoldme,“About5,000peoplewenttotheconcertyesterday.”约翰告诉我，“昨天大约有5000人去看音乐会了。”Johntoldmethatabout5,000peoplehadbeentotheconcertthedaybefore.约翰告诉我头一天大约有5000人去看了音乐会。（3）Thefarmersaid,“wewillhaveagoodharvestnextyear.”农民说，“明年我们将会有个大丰收。”Thefarmersaidthattheywouldhaveagoodharvestthenextyear.农民说他们转年将会有个大丰收。4.地点状语的变化：here→thereeg.Marysaid,“wewillhaveapressconferenceheretomorrow.”玛丽说，“明天我们将在这里举办一个记者招待会。”Marysaidthattheywouldhaveapressconferencetherethenextday.玛丽说他们转天将在那里举办一个记者招待会。5.指示代词的变化：this→that；these→thoseeg.（1）Marysaidtome,“Youcantakethisbook.”玛丽说，“你可以拿这本书。”MarytoldmethatIcouldtakethatbook.玛丽告诉我，我可以拿那本书。（2）TheteachersaidtoJack,“Youmustcopythesenewwordsthreetimes.”老师对杰克说，“你必须把这些新单词抄三遍。”TheteachertoldJackthathehadtocopythosenewwordsthreetimes.老师告诉杰克他必须把那些新单词抄三遍。6.动词的变化：come→go；bring→takeeg.（1）Unclewangsaid,“Iwillcometomendyourmachinenextweek.”王叔叔说，“我下周将来修理你的机器。”Unclewangsaidthathewouldgotomendmymachinethenextweek.王叔叔说他转过周来将去修理我的机器。（2）Marysaid,“EverytimeIgotomyaunt’s,Iwillbringsomefreshfruittoher.”玛丽说，“每次我去我的姑姑家，我都要给她带一些新鲜的水果。”Marysaidthateverytimeshewenttoheraunt’s,Shewouldtakesomefreshfruittoher.玛丽说每一次她去她的姑姑家，她都要给她带一些新鲜的水果。B.直接引语是疑问句时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，同样地，主语的人称、时态、状语等也要做相应的变化。▲直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。▲直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的特殊疑问词来作连词。▲主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked。▲没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语。如me，him等。▲从句用陈述语序。eg.（1）Hesaid,“Doyouunderstand?”他问，“你理解吗？”Heaskedmeif/whetherIunderstood.他问我是否我理解了。（2）Heaskedme,“WhichpartofChinaimpressesyoumost?”他问我，“中国的哪一个地方给你留下的印象最深刻？”HeaskedmewhichpartofChinaimpressedmemost.他问我中国的哪一个地方给我留下的印象最深刻。C.直接引语是祈使句时，间接引语可变为以下形式：orderasktellsb（not）todostheg.（1）HesaidtoDr.Bethune,“Don’tgoonoperatinganymore.”他对白求恩大夫说，“不要再进行手术了。”HetoldDr.Bethunenottogoonoperatinganymore.他告诉白求恩大夫不要再进行手术了。（2）Shesaidtous,“Pleasehavearest.”她对我们说，“请休息一下。”Sheaskedustohavearest.她请我们休息一下。一.完型填空：IthinkeveryoneshouldseeSundaysinKashgar（喀什噶尔）1leastonce.Kashgar2“thepearlontheAncientSilkRoad”.Iarrivedthereearlyinthemorning3itwasstilldark.Withthestalls（摊位）hereandthere,thestreets4.Moreandmorehorses,donkeysandsheepslowlyenteredthemarket,followed5farmersandherdsmen（牧民）.Kashgarbazaars（市场）arefamous6knives.Kashgarisalsoahat-makingcentre.Oneachsideofthestreetsweresomeblacksmiths’（铁匠）shops.Thesoundfromthem7inthestreets.Hand-madegoodswere8sale.Ipickedsomekebabs（烤肉串）formy9.10Iwaseating,IwaswatchingsomeUighur（维吾尔族的）girlsdancing.Itwasaveryenjoyableexperience.Iwillneverforgetthetrip.（）1.A.forB.atC.onD.less（）2.A.wascalledB.calledC.wascallingD.calls（）3.A.butB.whileC.althoughD.since（）4.A.werecrowdingB.crowdedC.werecrowdedD.wascrowded（）5.A.withB.asC.overD.by（）6.A.withB.asC.overD.for（）7.A.couldbeheardB.canbeheardC.couldhearD.canhear（）8.A.forB.onC.atD.under（）9.A.dinnerB.foodC.drinkD.breakfast（）10.A.ByB.OnC.AroundD.While二.阅读理解：WhenIleftcollege,Ibecameadoctor.ButIalwayswantedtotravel,andsoImadeseveralvoyagesasaship’sdoctor.AfterIgotmarried,Istayedathome.AsIcouldnotfindagoodjobinmyhometown,Idecidedtogotoseaagain.ThistimeIjoinedashipsailing（航行）totheislandsintheSouthPacificOcean（南太平洋）.Atfirst,everythingwentwell.WesailedacrosstheAtlantic（大西洋）,roundthecoast（海岸，沿岸）ofAfricaandintotheIndianOcean.Butoneday,astrongstormhitusandpushedourshiponarock.Theshipwasbrokenintwo.Igotonasmallboatandrowedtowardstheland.Suddenlyabigwavehitit,Ifellintotheoceanagain.Istruggled（搏斗；努力）toswim,keepingmyheadabovewater.Ididn’tknowhowmanyhourshadpassedbeforemyfeettouchedland.Iw