董亚芬大学英语精读(第三版)第1册教案Unit2

1Unit2SailingRoundtheWorldⅠ.Lead-inManypeoplehavetravelledroundtheworld,butnooneelsehasdoneitthewaySirFrancisChichesterdid.ABritishadventurer,hetravelledroundtheworldaloneinasmallyachtcalled“GipsyMothⅣ”inspiteofthefactthathehadlungcancer.Thistexttellsusbrieflywhathappenedtohimonhisvoyage,oneofthegreatestseafaringexploitsofalltime.Ⅱ.Newwords1.single-handed:adj.&adv.(done)byonepersonaloneExample:Maryaccomplishedthetaskbyhersingle-handedefforts.Thejobcannotbedonesingle-handed.这个工作无法由一个人独自完成。★这是一种以形容词或形容词短语用作状语的语法现象，其作用类似非限定性定语从句，表示某种增补的意义。它们通常用来说明主语的状况，例如：Themanopenedtheletter,nervous.Thesunrisesintheeast,red.Thesoldierfelldown,dead.但它们也可用来说明宾语的状况，如HewriteshischaracterslargeWedrinkithot.Shepushedthedooropen.2.solo:single-handed[△chorus:合唱][助记]solesolo●Loveisachordinlife,notasolo.(Beethoven)爱是人生的和弦，而不是孤单的独奏曲。（贝多芬）3.lung:n.Example:Smokingcancauselungcancer.Atthetopofone’slungs用最大声音Collection:heart(心)liver(肝)kidney(肾)spleen(脾)stomach(胃)4.determined:adj.withone’smindfirmlymadeupbedeterminedtodo/aboutdoingsth:haveastrongwillto(do)Example::Heisdeterminedaboutgivingupsmoking.ColumbuswasdeterminedtoprovethatIndiacouldbereachedbysailingwest.2★bedeterminedtodosth.&makeupone’smindtodosth.bedeterminedtodosth.侧重某人的决心。makeupone’smindtodosth.则强调某人打定主意，不再动摇。Example:Atlastwemadeupourmindstotellherthetruth.★determine;decideDetermine决心大，意志坚决，任何时候都不动摇。Example:Mr.Blackdeterminedtomaintainhispositionatallcosts.Decide表示经过考虑在几种可能中做出选择的决定。Example:HedecidedtogoonMondayinsteadofTuesday.5.retire:vi.【re-(back)+tire(累):（累回）家中】stopworkingatone’sjob.1)giveupone’sjobbecauseofoldageExample:Hethinksitluckytoretireatfullsalary.虽然已近65岁，马莉还不想退休。2)goaway;withdrawExample:Thesoldiershadretired25milesfromthefrontier.3)gotobedExample:Ihaveahabitofretiringearlyandgettingupearly.6.voyage:n.alongjourney(bysea,bylandorthroughouterspace)Example:ThesailorwillmakeavoyagetoAustrilia.vi.goona(sea)journey;sailExample:SirFrancesDrakewasthefirstmanwhovoyagedaroundtheworld.★voyage,journey,travel&trip①voyage在现代英语中通常指较长距离的水上航行，但也可指空中航行。Example:Inthosedays,thevoyagetoAustraliawaslonganddangerous.②journey是比较正式的用语，通常指陆地上的远行，没有回到原出发地的含义。Example:AtfirstIwasafraidthelongjourneywouldbetoomuchforher.起初我担心她受不了长距离的旅行。③travel的单数形式泛指旅行这一行为或过程，而要表示某次具体的旅行时，通常用复数，而且通常指到远方作长时间的旅行。Example:Herinterestsarepolitics,music,andtravel.④trip通常指较短距离的旅行，但在较通俗、随便的用法中可代替journey。Example:DidyouenjoyyourtriptoShanghai?3Collection:Maidenvoyage处女航，首航Arduousvoyage艰难航行Goon/make/takeavoyageto去......的旅行Beonavoyage在旅途中7.crew:n.groupofpeoplewhoworktogetheronashiporairplaneCollection:personnel全体人员,用做复数crew(全体船员)/staff(全体职员)/faculty(全体教员)用做单数或复数★类同family，当作一个整体看用单数，当作各成员看用复数Example:Theplanehadacrewof25.那班飞机有25名机务人员。Thecrewwerebusypreparing.机务人员正忙着准备呢。8.steer:vt.make(aboatorroadvehicle)goinaparticulardirectionExample:Hesteeredtheshipcarefullybetweentherocks.他小心的在礁石间驾驶船只。steerclearof绕开，避开Example:Thespeechsteeredclearofcontroversialissues.演说回避了有争议的问题。★drive/steerWhenyouareincontrolofacar,youdriveit.Whenyoudirectitscourse,yousteerit.Shegotintoacaranddrovehome.Shesteeredthecarcarefullythroughthenarrowgap.英语中“方向盘”的说法是“steerwheel”，而不是“drivingwheel”9.gale:verystrongwindCollection:breeze(微风)gale(强风)storm(暴风)gust(阵风)hurricane(飓风)typhoon(台风)10.cover:vt.1)passoverortravel(acertaindistance)Example:Theywerehopingtocover40milesyesterday.2)placeorspreadsth.upon,over,orinfrontof(sth.)Example:Thefloodscoveredthousandsoftowns.3)hide;protectExample:Helaughedloudlytocoverhisfear.11.previously:adv.beforethepresenttimeorthetimereferredtoExample:Ihadpostedthelettertwomonthspreviously.两个月前，我就把信寄出了。12.dissuade:【dis-(否定)+suade(劝说)；劝说不要去做→】preventsbfromdoingsth4对比：persuadev.persuasionn.persuasiveadj.[per-:thoroughly]dissuadev.dissuasionn.dissuasiveadj.[dis-:not]Tomtriedtodissuademefromjoiningtheclub.Tomtriedtodissuademeoutofjoiningtheclub.13.fortunately:adv.luckilyExample:Fortunately,therewasnooneintheofficewhenthefirestarted.14.contact：vt.getintouchwithExample:Doyouoftencontactyourformerclassmates?n.stateoftouchingorcommunicationExample:Afterheenteredtheuniversity,hecameintocontactwithmanynewideas.Collection:Comeintocontactwith接触到Make/establishcontactwith与......取得联系Beoutof/breakoff/losecontactwith与......失去联系Be/get/stayincontactwith与......保持联系15.nearby：adv.closebyExample:Inoticedapolicemanstandingnearby.adj.near;withinashortdistanceExample:Westoppedatsomenearbyshopstobuysomefood.16.drag/draw/pullDrag拖得重，动作慢Draw动作从容Pull指一时或突然的动作。17.knightn.男女公爵dukeduchess侯爵marquessmarchioness伯爵earlcountess子爵viscountviscountess男爵baronbaroness518.accomplish:vt.Allmotivationisself-motivation.Yourfamily,yourbossoryourcoworkerscantrytogetyourenginegoing,butuntilyoudecidewhattoaccomplish,nothingwillhappen.所有的激励都是自励。家人，老板，同时可以尽量让你的引擎转动，但除非你自己决定要完成些什么，否则也不会发生。★accomplish/complete/achieve①accomplishmeanssucceedindoingsomethingdifficult.Example:Thinkofallthethingsyouhaveaccomplishedalready!②completemeansfinishdoingormakesomething.Example:Ittookayeartocompletethebuildingwork.③achievemeanssucceedindoingsthgoodorgettingtheresultyouwanted,aftertryinghardforalongtim