董亚芬大学英语精读(第三版)第1册教案Unit4

1Unit4TurnOffTV:AQuietHourI.BackgroundInformation1.TV:PastandPresentAdemonstrationoftelevisionwasheldattheNewYorkWorld'sFairin1939,andduringthe1940snetworkswereestablishedandtelevisionsetsbegantobesold.But,forawhile,radiostillhadcompletecontroloftheentertainmentindustry.Intheearly1950s,thetelevisionstartedtotaketheplaceofradiointheUnitedStates.Buttelevisionwasonlyonintheeveningswithfewchoicesofstationsandinlessthanone-thirdofAmericanhomes.Intheearly1960s,over750TVstationsweretelecastedtoabout52millionsetswiththeresultthattheAmericanTVaudienceincludedalmosteveryfamily.Buttoday,virtuallyeveryAmericanhomehasTVandtwo-thirdsofAmericanfamilieshavetwoormoresets,two-thirdshavecable.Thereareathousandstationswithachoiceoffiveorsixchannelsalloverthecountry,notcountinginthecableprogramsonecanbuy.TheBigThreeofthenetworksare:theNationalBroadcastingCompany(NBC),theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem(CBS),andtheAmericanBroadcastingCompany(ABC).Besidesnetworks,therearealsoanothertwoTVbroadcasting,oneiscableTV,communityantennatelevision(CATV);theotherispayTV,alsoknownastollTVorsubscriptionTV.Thelatterisdifferentfromtheformerinthatitoriginatesitsownprogramsandchargesafeeforviewingeachprogram.ButsincethefirstmodernhomeTVsetwasmarketedin1939,TV'sinfluenceonAmerica,forbothgoodandbadhasbecomeamajorforceindetermininghowpeoplerelaxandbehave.Theconsequencesarestaggering.StudiesshowthatthelivesofAmericans,fromtheirselectionoffoodtotheirchoicesofpoliticalleaders,aredeeplyaffectedbyTV,andthatinfluenceisgrowing.Itisclearthattelevisionhasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostimportantsourcesofinformation,opinion,andentertainment.Wecanlearnaboutplacesweshallnevervisit,weseeimportanteventsastheytakeplace;someprogramswewatchpurelyforentertainment.Itgivesusthebestseatsinthetheater,atarockconcert,orattheOlympicGames.Italsobeamsuspicturesofwaranddisaster,theconqueringofspace,andotherworldeventsastheyhappen.2.TVProgram国际频道internationalchannel2东方时空OrientalHorizon焦点访谈FocusInterview新闻联播NetworkNews科技博览PanoramaofScience&Technology文化视点CulturePerspective读书时间Offtheshelf综艺大观VarietyShow天涯共此时Sharingthemomentwithyou电影频道MovieChannel电视你我他CCTV&ItsAudience世界报道ReportonWorldAffairs海峡两岸AcrosstheStrait中国报道ChinaReport3.GenerationGapThetermisusedtomeandifferencesinideas,lifestylesandattitudesbetweenolderandyoungerpeople,differenceswhichwillberesultinalackofunderstandingbetweenthemandfrequentlyleadtoconfrontations.4.DivorceRateHighdivorcerateisamajorsocialproblemintheUS.Atpresent,itisestimated,aboutonequartertoonethirdofallAmericanmarriagesendindivorce.Althoughdifferentinopinions,somestudiesindicatethattherearemorecaseswiththefollowingreasons:A)lowincomesB)inadequateeducationC)marriageataveryyoungageTheimmediateresultthatarisesfromthehighdivorcerateisanincreasingnumberofsingleparenthomes.II.Newwordsandexpressions1.worthwhile:adj.【worth+while(aperiodoftime)】goodenoughforthetimeoreffortneeded;valuableExample:Itdidnotseemworthwhilewritingitalloutagain.★worth/worthy/worthwhile①beworth+n.=beworthyof+n.3②beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone/beworthytobedone③Itisworthwhiledoingsth/todosth这件事值得考虑。Example:ThematterisworthconsiderationThematterisworthyofconsiderationThematterisworthconsideringThematterisworthyofbeingconsidered.Thematterisworthytobeconsidered.Itisworthwhileconsideringthematter.Itisworthwhiletoconsiderthematter.2.current:1)adj.ofthepresenttime;Example:Wemustcounteractthepresentcurrentofanti-governmentfeeling.2)n.themovementofwaterintheseaorriver;themovementofairinaparticulardirection;thefactofpopularideas,opinions,etc.Example:Heswamtotheshoreagainstastrongcurrent.他逆着急流游向岸边。Birdsusewarmaircurrenttohelpthemflight.鸟儿利用暖流助飞。Televisioninfluencedthecurrentofthought.电视影响思潮。3.activity:n.sthdoneExample:Progressistheactivityoftodayandtheassuranceoftomorrow.Activityistheonlyroadtoknowledge.◆AspecialfeatureofeducationatMITistheopportunityforstudentsandfacultytoparticipatetogetherinresearchactivity.麻省理工学院的一个教育特色就是学生和全体教师有机会一起参与研究活动。（CET-4,2006,6,词汇）4.prohibit:v.【pro-(before)+hibit(hold)】prohibitesb.(from)doingsth.=forbidsb.todosth.Example:Familyfinancesprohibitedhisgoingtocollege.5.distract:v.【dis-(away,off)+tract(引)】drawawayinanotherdirection;Example:Ifsomethingdistractyouoryourattention,itmakesyoustopconcentratingonwhatyouaredoing.Griefdistractedhim.悲伤使他精神错乱。1)bedistractedby/with被……搞得心烦意乱，被……搞得要发狂42)distractsb.fromdoingsth.使某人做……分心Example:Thefilmmanagedtodistractmefromwork.那部电影使我不能专心工作。6.gap:n.Example:Shehadgapsinherteeth.Thegenerationgapmakesithardforchildrentorelatetotheirparents.Hecouldnotexplainthegapoftenyearsinhisjobhistory.★gap+between/inthegapbetweenimportsandexports进出口差额Example:Theprofessorfoundwidegapsinhisstudents’knowledgeofAmericanliterature.教授发现他的学生的美国文学知识中存在着很大的空白。7.divorce:v.endofamarriagebylawExample:Hedivorcehiswife.1)与……订婚(v.)beengagedto(n.)engagementto2)与……结婚(v.)marrysb/bemarriedto(n.)marriageto3)与……离婚(v.)divorcesb./bedivorcedfrom(n.)divorcefrom约翰同玛丽订婚/结婚/离婚（n.）Example:John’sengagementtoMary.John’smarriagetoMary.John’sdivorcefromMary.8.rate:n.ameasurementofthenumberoftimessth.ha