分析英语的句子结构(word文档)

1分析英语的句子结构I.Teachingobjectives:TolearnhowtofindoutthecentralpartofthesentencebyanalysingthesentencestructuresinEnglish.II.TeachingproceduresStep1EnjoyingIsawasawsawasaw.see:(vt.)see-saw-seensaw:(vt.)saw-sawed-sawed(n.)锯Step2英语句子成分的构成句子的主干成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语句子的次要成分：定语、状语、补语、同位语句子的独立成分：插入语(Ithink,Iamafraid...)呼语(comeon,mum...)、感叹语(oh,hi...)Eg.Mr.Green,myfriend,Ithink,isthemanwhohasmadeBobasuccessfulmanimmediately.Step3Lead-in（wrongsentences）Thevasebelongstomeisaculturalrelic.注意：简单句有且只有一个谓语。（并列谓语除外)Facethesedifferentstars,weneedtochooseourfavoriteone.注意：两个分句之间有且只有一个连词，逗号不能连接两个分句。Step4英语的句子结构1.简单句:(五大基本句型)2.并列句:并列连词（and,but...）3.复合句:从属连词(that,which...)*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成并列句;*几个简单句可通过从属连词等组合成含有主句和从句的复合句。Step5Identifythefollowingsentences(简单句、并列句或复合句)1.Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe.2.Dr.Fisherneitherlovestheenvironment,norisheaccustomedtotheweatherthere.3.Allthatglittersisnotgold.24.ThisresearchcomesfromOxfordandEssexUniversityusingasampleof10,419childrenbornintheearly1990,takingaccountofparentaleducation,familyincome,achild'ssexandage,themother'shealthandfeedingstyle.Step6认识英语句子结构图：“树状图”图解Thisisthecatthatkilledtheratthatatethemalt(麦乳精)thatlayinthehousethatJackbuilt.Step7分析英语句子结构分析句子时可采用以下步骤：(1)找主干（找出句子的主谓宾或主系表，从整体上把握句子的结构。复合句则找主句的主干）LocatedatthefootofFengshanMountainalongsidetheHeshuiRiver,LianpingMiddleSchool,thekeymiddleschoolinLianping,isagoodplacetostudyin.IpulledoutmyphonetoreadatextmessagefrommymumsayingthatwewereleavingforChristmasshoppingwhenIcameacrossamessageonmyphonethatIhadlocked.(2)分析枝叶（找出句中所有的非谓语动词、同位语或引导词（即句子的枝叶）并加以分析）LocatedatthefootofFengshanMountainalongsidetheHeshuiRiver,LianpingMiddleSchool,thekeymiddleschoolinLianping,isagoodplacetostudyin.IpulledoutmyphonetoreadatextmessagefrommymomsayingthatwewereleavingforChristmasshoppingwhenIcameacrossamessageonmyphonethatIhadlocked.3(3)注意插入语等其他成分。.Whichdoyouthinkisthebestanswer?(4)注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadtosettingupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.注意：两个逗号中间部分（同位语、非谓语、介词短语或非限制性定语从句）在英语句子中可有可无，做语法填空时经常要跳过。HalRogers,RepresentativefromKentucky,likethosewhoareagainsthightobaccotaxes,__________(argue)thattheburdenofthetaxfallsonlow-incomeAmericanswhochoosetosmoke.注意：若是多重复合句,注意找连环套（从句里面是否包含另一从句）,再找出从句的主干。Thestudymadeitclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.A主句：Thestudymade...that…clear.B宾语从句：that...C宾语从句包含一个定语从句：that...Step8Practice(分析句子成分：找主干---分析枝叶)1.TheMid-autumnFestival,(whichis)oneofthemostimportanttraditionalfestivalsinChina,fallsonAugust15thoftheLunarcalendareveryyear.2.30%ofthestudentsquestionedsaythattheythinkitbetternottohavephysicalexercise.3.HelenPetrie,Professorofhuman/computerinteractionatCityUniversityinLondon,analysedtheresponsersof1,200BritonswhoparticipatedinasurveyfundedbyCentralNic,anInternetcompany.4.Thereare350millionpeoplesmokingrecently,inwhichthemalehold75percentandthefemalehold25percent.Step9实际应用I语法填空1.Peoplesteppedonyourfeetor______(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部)，hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.2.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_________(setup)someschoolsforpoorchildren.43.Theholidaymaker,too,withlimitedtimetospend,patiently_________(endure)thebusyairportsandlimitedspaceoftheflighttogainthoseextrahoursandevendays,relaxinginthesun.实际应用IIReadingcomprehension:1.Instead,theygetyearlyrings,whichcanalsobecounted,givinginformationaboutthefish’sage,justlikethegrowthringsofatree.Q:Whydoesthewritercomparethefishtotrees?A.Treesgainagrowthringeachday.B.Treesalsohaveotoliths(耳石).C.Theirgrowthringsareverysmall.D.Theybothhavegrowthrings.2.Thefamousdirectorofabigandexpensivemovieplannedtofilmabeautifulsunsetovertheocean,sothattheaudiencecouldseehisheroandheroineinfrontofitattheendofthefilmastheysaidgoodbyetoeachotherforever.Q:Thedirectorwantedtofilmasunsetovertheoceanbecause_____.A.itwentwellwiththeseparationoftheheroandtheheroine.B.whentheyarrivedatthebeachitwasalreadyintheevening.C.itwasmoremovingthanasunrise.D.theoceanlookedmorebeautifulatsunset.3.AccordingtotheinformationMrs.Schleiferhadgathered,Panulagaveupherseatonalifeboattosearchforherfivechildren—includinga13-month-oldboynamedEino—fromwhomshehadbecomeseparatedduringthefinalminutesofthecrossing.Q:Thebabytravelledontheshipwithhis____.A.motherB.parentsC.auntD.relativesStep10Consolidation英语句子呈“树”状铺排，即以主语与谓语动词的SV搭配形成形式主轴，即句子的主干部分，然后利用各种关联词和介词等把句中的各种短语(介词短语、名词短语)、附加成分(同位语、插入语)、分句(现在分词分句、独立成分)和从句(定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句)往这根主干上钩搭，犹如一棵枝叶横生的大树，盘根错节十分复杂。Step11Assignment:找出下面句子的主干并试着画出它的树状图TheonlysurvivorofoneofthetwoSandyHookElementarySchoolfirst-gradeclassroomswhereAdamLanzashotandkilled20childrentrickedthegunmanbyplayingdead,thegirl'spastor(牧师)said.5